Linking Phylogeny and Morphology to Resource Assimilation Within Aquatic Assemblages.

Niche partitioning promotes species coexistence. Yet, it remains unclear how phylogeny and morphology influence the trophic niches of closely related aquatic species with shared feeding modes. Freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are a group of filter-feeding bivalves that are ideal for investigating mechanisms of niche partitioning.

Identifying transgene insertions in genomes with Oxford Nanopore sequencing.

Genetically modified organisms are commonly used in disease research and agriculture but the precise genomic alterations underlying transgenic mutations are often unknown. The position and characteristics of transgenes, including the number of independent insertions, influences the expression of both transgenic and wild-type sequences. We used long-read, Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) to sequence and assemble two transgenic strains of commonly used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases: BY250 (pPdat-1::GFP) and UA44 (GFP and human -synuclein), a model for Parkinson's research.

Coverage from medical teams and injury/illness epidemiology within youth athletics in Africa: A prospective study during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships.

Objectives: To describe athletes' coverage by national medical teams, and injuries and illnesses occurring during the four weeks before and during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships.

Design: Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study design.

Methods: We conducted a study with data collection of: 1) national medical teams, 2) injury and illness complaints during the four weeks preceding the championships using an online pre-participation health questionnaire, and 3) newly incurred in-championship injuries and illnesses collected by national medical teams and the local organising committee using daily standardised online report forms, for all registered athletes at the championships.

A sequel to "Comprehensive analysis of single- and multi-vehicle large truck at-fault crashes on rural and urban roadways in Alabama": Accounting for temporal instability in crash factors.

This exploratory study is a follow-up to a 2014 study that investigated factors associated with large truck at-fault crash outcomes in Alabama. To assess unobserved temporal changes in the effects of the crash factors, this study re-creates the original crash models developed in the 2014 study using crash data from 2017 to 2019. Four mixed logit models were re-created using the same variables used in the previous study to analyze contributing crash factors to injury severity of single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle-involved (MV) large truck at-fault crashes in urban and rural settings.

Cutting-edge developments in zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and applications for enhanced antimicrobial and UV protection in healthcare solutions.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in utilizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to enhance antimicrobial and UV protective properties in healthcare solutions. It delves into the synthesis techniques of ZnO NPs and elucidates their antimicrobial efficacy, exploring the underlying mechanisms governing their action against a spectrum of pathogens. Factors impacting the antimicrobial performance of ZnO NPs, including size, surface characteristics, and environmental variables, are extensively analyzed.

Disparities in Race and Ethnicity Reporting and Representation for Clinical Trials in Stroke: 2010 to 2020.

Background: Racial and ethnic minority groups are at a higher stroke risk and have poor poststroke outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of race reporting and proportions of race and ethnicity representation in stroke-related clinical trials.

Methods And Results: This is a descriptive study of stroke-related clinical trials completed between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020, and registered on ClinicalTrials.

Exploring the relationship between falls, fall-related psychological concerns, and personality traits in adults: A scoping review protocol.

Background And Aims: Personality traits, such as neuroticism and extraversion, are emerging as important predictors of falls. Despite their significance, existing fall prevention programs often overlook these traits, creating a notable research gap. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive scoping review to explore the existing literature on the relationships among personality traits, falls, and fall-related psychological concerns (FrPCs).

Investigating the phylogenetic history of toxin tolerance in mushroom-feeding .

Understanding how and when key novel adaptations evolved is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Within the radiation of , many mushroom-feeding species are tolerant of host toxins, such as cyclopeptides, that are lethal to nearly all other eukaryotes. In this study, we used phylogenetic and functional approaches to investigate the evolution of cyclopeptide tolerance in the radiation of .

Does Organizational Messaging Make a Difference? Investigating Themes and Language Style in Twitter Discourse and Engagement by Mental Health Organizations.

The present study investigated the latent topics and language styles present in mental health organizational discourse on Twitter. The researchers sought to analyze identifying the prevalence of and language used in social support messaging in tweets about mental health care, the overarching topics regarding mental health care, and predicted that tweets with higher engagement will have increased frequency of words with positively valenced emotion and cognitive processing. A GSDMM was run to uncover latent themes that emerged in a data set of 326.

Characteristics of a Southern Intensive Trauma- and Psychiatric-Focused Recovery Program.

Objectives: Treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs) is complex, involving biological, psychological, and social factors to be considered when designing effective programs. Trauma-informed psychiatric care integrated with a developmentally appropriate intensive 12-step approach is being used at A Reprieve for Women (Reprieve), a long-term intensive residential recovery program for female emerging adults with SUDs located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. The Reprieve treatment philosophy focuses on long-term intensive care, treatment of coexisting trauma and psychiatric disorders, and development of life skills.

Magnetic coupling between Fe(NO) spin probe ligands through diamagnetic Ni, Pd and Pt tetrathiolate bridges.

Reaction of the nitrosylated-iron metallodithiolate ligand, paramagnetic (NO)Fe(NS), with [M(CHCN)][BF] salts (M = Ni, Pd, and Pt; = 4 or 6) affords di-radical tri-metallic complexes in a stairstep type arrangement ([FeMFe], M = Ni, Pd, and Pt), with the central group 10 metal held in a MS square plane. These isostructural compounds have nearly identical (NO) stretching values, isomer shifts, and electrochemical properties, but vary in their magnetic properties. Despite the intramolecular Fe⋯Fe distances of 6 Å, antiferromagnetic coupling is observed between {Fe(NO)} units as established by magnetic susceptibility, EPR, and DFT studies.

Nursing Faculty Workforce Development Project.

A proposed nursing faculty workforce development project by a college of nursing within a research-intensive institution will increase the number of nurse faculty from the current population of BSN-prepared nurses from underserved communities in a state to earn a master of science in nursing (MSN) degree with a nursing education specialty. This project will be accomplished through partnerships between a college of nursing and academic institutions with large nursing student populations from underserved communities. In addition, the project will incorporate the employment of MSN students at academic partner institutions within a clinical nurse faculty role.

How often does homelessness precede criminal arrest in veterans? Results from the U.S. survey of prison inmates.

Research has shown links between homelessness and criminal legal involvement in military veterans. The present study aimed to determine the magnitude and directionality of this association by investigating the incidence of, and factors associated with, homelessness preceding criminal arrest among veterans. Data on incarcerated veterans ( = 1,602) were analyzed from the 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates conducted by the U.

Team science: A syllabus for success on big projects.

Interdisciplinary teams are on the rise as scientists attempt to address complex environmental issues. While the benefits of team science approaches are clear, researchers often struggle with its implementation, particularly for new team members. The challenges of large projects often weigh on the most vulnerable members of a team: trainees, including undergraduate students, graduate students, and post-doctoral researchers.

Rapid synthesis of functional poly(ester amide)s through thiol-ene chemistry.

Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) bearing various side chains were synthesized by post-polymerization modification of PA-1, a vinylidene containing PEA. The thiols 1-dodecanethiol (1A-SH), 2-phenylethanethiol (1B-SH), 2-mercaptoethanol (1C-SH), thioglycolic acid (1D-SH), furfuryl mercaptan (1E-SH) and sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (1F-SH) were reacted with PA-1 to form PEAs PA-1A through PA-1F respectively. PEAs containing non-polar thiol side chains (PA-1A, PA-1B, PA-1E), showed little change in solubility compared to PA-1, while PEAs with more polar side chains improved solubility in more polar solvents.

Electrospun single-phase spinel magnetic high entropy oxide nanoparticles low-temperature ambient annealing.

High entropy oxide nanoparticles (HEO NPs) with multiple component elements possess improved stability and multiple uses for functional applications, including catalysis, data memory, and energy storage. However, the synthesis of homogenous HEO NPs containing five or more immiscible elements with a single-phase structure is still a great challenge due to the strict synthetic conditions. In particular, several synthesis methods of HEO NPs require extremely high temperatures.

Localized Multi-Site Knee Bioimpedance as a Predictor for Knee Osteoarthritis Associated Pain Within Older Adults During Free-Living.

The drastic increase in the aging population has increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the United States. The ability to monitor symptoms of osteoarthritis (such as pain) within a free-living environment could improve understanding of each person's experiences with this disease and provide opportunities to personalize treatments specific to each person and their experience. In this work, localized knee tissue bioimpedance and self-reports of knee pain were collected from older adults ([Formula: see text]) with and without knee osteoarthritis over 7 days of free-living to evaluate if knee tissue bioimpedance is associated with persons' knee pain experience.

Supramolecular porphyrin as an improved photocatalyst for chloroform decomposition.

In this work, the outlying decoration of the free-base -(4-tetra) pyridyl porphyrin (HTPyP) with the RuCl(dppb)(5,5'-Me-bipy) ruthenium complex (here named Supra-HTPyP) is observed as an improved molecular photocatalyst for dye-mediated chloroform (CHCl) decomposition one-photon absorption operating in the visible spectral range (532 nm and 645 nm). Supra-HTPyP offers a better option for CHCl photodecomposition when compared to the same process mediated by pristine HTPyP, which requires either excited-state- or UV absorption. The chloroform photodecomposition rates for Supra-HTPyP as well as its excitation mechanisms are explored as a function of distinct laser irradiation conditions.

Novel observations of asexual reproduction in the carpet sea anemone, (Stichodactylidae, Actiniaria).

Merten's carpet sea anemone, Brandt, 1835, is the largest known sea anemone species in the world, regularly exceeding one meter in oral disc diameter. A tropical species from the Indo-Pacific, drapes prominently over coral reef substrates and is a common host to numerous species of clownfishes and other symbionts throughout its range, which extends from the Red Sea through the Central Pacific Ocean. Long thought to reproduce via sexual reproduction only, recent genetic evidence suggests it may rarely reproduce asexually as well, although this process had never been confirmed through direct observation and the mechanism was yet to be described.

Whole genome demographic models indicate divergent effective population size histories shape contemporary genetic diversity gradients in a montane bumble bee.

Understanding historical range shifts and population size variation provides an important context for interpreting contemporary genetic diversity. Methods to predict changes in species distributions and model changes in effective population size ( ) using whole genomes make it feasible to examine how temporal dynamics influence diversity across populations. We investigate variation and climate-associated range shifts to examine the origins of a previously observed latitudinal heterozygosity gradient in the bumble bee Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Latreille) in western North America.