Emodin induced hepatic steatosis in BALb/c mice by modulating the gut microbiota composition and fatty acid metabolism.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to examine the physiological effects of emodin on intestinal microorganisms and the liver in the BALb/c mice.

Method And Results: Following an 8-week administration of emodin at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day,pathological analyses revealed that emodin significantly reduced the colon length, induced colonic crypt inflammation,diminished the colonic mucus layer,and decreased the fluorescence intensity of colonic tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin. Concurrently, 16S rDNA gene sequencing corroborated that emodin altered the diversity and composition of the intestinal microbiota by increasing the to ratio.

Association between diet quality during pregnancy of mothers and that of 3-year-old offspring: a prospective hospital-based birth cohort study.

Children's eating habits are established early in life and parents play a major role therein. Pregnancy is a teachable moment for the promotion of healthy eating because many women are concerned about their babies' health and have frequent contact with healthcare providers. We aimed to investigate the association between diet quality during pregnancy and the offspring.

Olive oil and castor oil-based self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of flurbiprofen can relieve peripheral pain and inflammation through reduction of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers: a comprehensive formulation and pharmacological insights.

Flurbiprofen (FBP) is poorly water-soluble BCS class II drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, used to treat arthritis and degenerative joint diseases. This study was aimed to develop SNEDDS loaded with FBP. Six SNEDDS using two oils olive oil (F, F, F) and castor oil (F, F, F) with three different Smix ratios consisting of Tween 20 and PEG 400 (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) were prepared and characterized.

Subcortical Maternal Complex in Female Infertility: A Transition from Animal Models to Human Studies.

Female infertility is a significant healthcare burden that is frequently encountered among couples globally. While environmental factors, comorbidities, and lifestyle determine reproductive health, certain genetic variants in key reproductive genes can potentially cause unsuccessful pregnancies. Such crucial proteins have been identified within the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) and play an integral role in the early stages of embryogenesis before embryo implantation.

Evaluation of the effect of cell freshness on pyrogen detection using a serum-free monocyte-activation test.

Pyrogens cause shock symptoms when released into the bloodstream. They are classified into two main categories: endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides [LPS]) and non-endotoxin pyrogens. The monocyte activation test (MAT) is an in vitro assay to detect pyrogens in human monocytes.

Prevalence and histopathological analysis of cystic echinococcosis in ruminants of District Narowal, Pakistan: focus on pulmonary involvement.

A total of 384 animals (sheep, goat, cattle, and buffalo) were examined for the presence of hydatid cysts only in the lungs. The lung tissue samples associated with the hydatid cyst were collected immediately after slaughter, followed by fixation in 10% formalin. The fixed tissue was subjected to paraffin embedding technique.

We are what we eat: Implications of host plant suitability on sustainable production of silkworm pupae as novel ingredient with dietary and health benefits.

Although, the impact of mulberry leaves on mortality of Bombyx mori [silkworm] and cocooning rates has been investigated, limited research has exploited the influence on the quality of B. mori pupae. This study evaluated the effects of four mulberry cultivars (Ichinose, Noi-EX-Thailand, Ex-Thika and Victory1) on the nutritional quality of B.

Macro- and microscopic anatomy of the digestive tract in the red-eared slider (Emydidae: Trachemys scripta elegans).

The red-eared sliders (Emydidae: Trachemys scripta) is characterised by a high adaptability to a variety of environment and threatens the habitat of Japanese native species. The ability to digest a variety of diets may attribute to the high adaptive capacity of this species to various environments, however, the digestive morphology remains scarcely described in red-eared sliders. In this study, we investigated the macro- and microscopic anatomy of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine in red-eared sliders.

sp. nov., isolated from surface of the maize () roots in a horticulture field, Hungary.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium with peritrichous flagella, designated as P96 was isolated from the surface of maize roots. Strain P96 grew optimally at 28 °C, pH 7.0.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling uncovers underlying mechanisms of the enhancement of the synthesis of biofilm in Sporobolomyces pararoseus NGR under acidic conditions.

Background: Sporobolomyces pararoseus is a well-studied oleaginous red yeast that can synthesize a variety of high value-added bioactive compounds. Biofilm is one of the important biological barriers for microbial cells to resist environmental stresses and maintain stable fermentation process. Here, the effect of acidic conditions on the biosynthesis of biofilms in S.

Preferences for and acceptability of long-acting HIV prevention products among pregnant and lactating women accessing health services in Kenya: a mixed method cross-sectional analysis.

Background: Increased risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and lactation among women is evident, necessitating their inclusion in the evaluation of new HIV prevention interventions. Pregnant and postpartum women specifically face challenges with oral PrEP associated with stigma, and the burden of using other tablets. Long-acting products may address challenges related to oral PrEP, however, there is limited data on product-specific preferences and acceptability among pregnant and lactating women.

A Concise Overview of Studies on Successful Real-World Applications of Bacteriophages in Aquaculture.

Increasing antibiotic resistance poses an urgent global public health threat and a serious concern worldwide. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has been identified as a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial diseases in both humans and animals. The excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture is a major threat to sustainable aquaculture, promoting the spread of antibiotic resistance in the aquaculture environment and the contamination of aquaculture products with antibiotic residues.

Biodegradation Assessment of Bioplastic Carrier Bags Under Industrial-Scale Composting Conditions.

In recent years, the environmental impacts of plastic production and consumption have become increasingly significant, particularly due to their petroleum-based origins and the substantial waste management challenges they pose. Currently, global plastic waste production has reached 413.8 million metric tons across 192 countries, contributing notably to greenhouse gas emissions.

Salicylic Acid-Induced Expression Profiles of LRR and LRR-RLK Candidate Genes Modulate Resistance in Blackgram and Its Two Wild Non-Progenitors.

Blackgram is an important short-duration grain legume, but its yield is highly affected by various stresses. Among biotic stresses, yellow mosaic disease (YMD) is known as a devastating disease that leads to 100% yield loss under severe conditions. The cultivated lines possess resistance, but exploring more diverse sources of resistance may be useful for pyramiding to improve the durability of said resistance.

A Shoot Phenological Study of Certain Bamboo Taxa Under Central European Climatic Conditions.

This study aimed to understand the phenological changes in the shoots of temperate bamboo spp. grown in Hungary, with a focus on how these changes were influenced by local climatic conditions. Data collected over two years on shoot phenology were analyzed with weather variables, especially air temperature and soil temperature.

Impact of Different Land-Use Types on Soil Microbial Carbon Metabolism Function in Arid Region of Alpine Grassland.

There are discrepancies that exist in the effects of different land uses on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil microbial carbon metabolism functions. However, the impact of land-use type changes on soil microbial carbon metabolism in alpine grassland arid areas is not well understood, hindering our understanding of the carbon cycling processes in these ecosystems. Therefore, we chose three types of land use (continuous reclamation of grassland (RG), abandoned grassland (AG), and natural grazing grassland (GG)) to study the microbial carbon metabolism and its driving factors by the Biolog-ECO method.

Hydroxylated-Benz[a]anthracenes Induce Two Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in the Liver of the Nibbler Fish .

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to have toxic effects on fish. In this study, we examined the effects of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), a type of PAH, on fish liver metabolism. Nibbler fish () were intraperitoneally injected with BaA (10 ng/g body weight) four times over a 10-day period.

Biological Effect of Food for Special Medical Purposes (Nutramil Complex) on Melanoma Cells in In Vitro Study.

Background/objectives: Melanoma malignum is considered the most dangerous form of skin cancer, characterized by the exceptional resistance to many conventional chemotherapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Nutramil Complex (NC)-Food for Special Medical Purpose (FSMP), on two types of melanoma cell lines, primary WM115 and malignant WM266-4.

Methods: At 24 h after seeding, growth medium was replaced with a medium containing encoded treatments of NC or NC-CC (Nutramil Complex without calcium caseinate) at various concentrations.

Lutein Maintains Bone Mass In Vitro and In Vivo Against Disuse-Induced Bone Loss in Hindlimb-Unloaded Mice.

Background: Lutein, a carotenoid, exhibits various biological activities such as maintaining the health of the eye, skin, heart, and bone. Recently, we found that lutein has dual roles in suppressing bone resorption and promoting bone formation. In this study, we examined the effects of lutein in a disuse-induced osteoporosis model using hindlimb-unloaded (HLU) mice.

Clinical Cases of Tick-Borne Diseases in Dogs During the Autumn-Winter Season in Poland.

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) pose a growing threat to companion animals, especially dogs, due to the increasing abundance of tick populations in Europe, driven by climate change, urbanization, and the mobility of humans and animals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in clinically ill dogs suspected of having developed TBDs during the autumn-winter season, as well as to detect pathogens in ticks collected during the same period in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland. A total of 30 dogs with clinical symptoms of babesiosis and 45 ticks from dogs were acquired for this study.

Serological Survey of spp. in Livestock and Rodents from Different Settlements in the Kilombero Wetland, Tanzania.

Background: The circulation of has been linked to various occupational activities globally. This study investigated the seroprevalence of spp. in rodents and livestock (cattle and goats) in three settlements/villages involved in agriculture, livestock keeping, and mixed agriculture and livestock in the Kilombero district, Tanzania.

Synthesis and Electron-Transporting Properties of N-Type Polymers with Cardanol-Based Side Chains.

We synthesized n-type polymers poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} [P(NDI2OD-T2)] and poly{[N,N'-bis(3-(4-cardanol)propyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic diimide]-alt-[5,5'-bis(2-thienyl)-2,2'-bithiophene]} [P(NDICL-T2)] with cardanol-based side chains via Stille coupling to enhance electron mobility. Replacing the 2-octyldodecyl side chain with cardanol in P(NDICL-T2) improved electron mobility due to increased chain flexibility and ordered packing. Lower glass transition temperature (), red-shifted UV-vis absorption, results from crystalline structure analysis, indicating tighter lamellar spacing and enhanced molecular ordering, and smoother surface morphology confirmed the enhanced intermolecular interactions and uniform film formation.

Effects of Intercropped Insectary Plants (Sweet Alyssum, Coriander, and White Mustard) on Elemental Composition and Antioxidant Levels in Broad Bean Plants.

Insectary plants, such as sweet alyssum, coriander, and white mustard, are well known for their traits that attract beneficial insects, allowing them to protect crops from pests. The aim of the study was to analyze the compounds that are important in the antioxidant response, such as malondialdehyde, ascorbic acid, proline, total phenolics, and total flavonoids, as well as the content of elements, including macroelements (K, Mg, Na, Ca, P, and S) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Mn, and Fe) in broad bean plants. These plants were grown in field conditions as the main protected plant alongside a mixture of three insectary plants at different proportions of the individual components.

Sensory Quality, Volatile Compounds, and Physical Properties of Sheep's Milk Cheese with Herbs ( L.).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the addition of wild garlic leaves on the sensory quality, volatiles, color, and texture of sheep milk soft rennet-curd cheese. The sensory evaluation of color, appearance, texture, odor, and taste was performed using a 5-point scale. The intensity of selected taste and odor discriminants was also assessed.

Hybrid Systems of Oleogels and Probiotic-Loaded Alginate Carriers for Potential Application in Cosmetics.

Oleogels (organogels) are systems resembling a solid substance based on the gelation of organic solvents (oil or non-polar liquid) through components of low molecular weight or oil-soluble polymers. Such compounds are organogelators that produce a thermoreversible three-dimensional gel network that captures liquid organic solvents. Oleogels based on natural oils are attracting more attention due to their numerous advantages, such as their unsaturated fatty acid contents, ease of preparation, and safety of use.