Scoping review: The effects of diet, physical activity and sleep on motor and physical fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis.

Physical and motor fatigue are debilitating symptoms common in multiple sclerosis (MS). Lifestyle interventions may be effective in managing MS-related fatigue. This scoping review aims to: (i) identify and summarise lifestyle interventions including those focused on diet, physical activity, and sleep, or multicomponent interventions for physical and motor fatigue management in MS; and (ii) provide recommendations for future research in this area.

Discovery of a DNA methylation profile in individuals with Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome.

Pathogenic heterozygous variants in CHD4 cause Sifrim-Hitz-Weiss syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with brain anomalies, heart defects, macrocephaly, hypogonadism, and additional features with variable expressivity. Most individuals have non-recurrent missense variants, complicating variant interpretation. A few were reported with truncating variants, and their role in disease is unclear.

Mesoporous Single-Crystal FeFe(CN) Microspheres for Superior Potassium-Ion Storage.

Metal hexacyanoferrates (HCFs), also known as Prussian blue analogues, are ideal cathodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) due to their nontoxicity and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, obtaining metal HCF cathode materials with both long-term cycling stability and high rate performance remains a daunting challenge. In this study, we present mesoporous single-crystalline iron hexacyanoferrate (MSC-FeHCF) microspheres, featuring a single-crystalline structure that contains interconnected pores spanning the entire crystal lattice.

New connective tissue structure of the wrist area - research on fetal material.

The correct function of the upper limb depends on the cooperation and coordination of the muscular and skeletal systems as well as the connective tissue elements present in it. Connective tissue forms fascia, connective tissue membranes and ligaments. Connective tissue mostly develops from the mesenchyme.

Large-scale and long-term wildlife research and monitoring using camera traps: a continental synthesis.

Camera traps are widely used in wildlife research and monitoring, so it is imperative to understand their strengths, limitations, and potential for increasing impact. We investigated a decade of use of wildlife cameras (2012-2022) with a case study on Australian terrestrial vertebrates using a multifaceted approach. We (i) synthesised information from a literature review; (ii) conducted an online questionnaire of 132 professionals; (iii) hosted an in-person workshop of 28 leading experts representing academia, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and government; and (iv) mapped camera trap usage based on all sources.

The significance of humorous tattoos.

Tattooing refers to the process of creating indelible designs and texts in the human skin by introducing a variety of dyes. It has found for millennia in a range of societies. The purpose of tattooing has ranged from marking individuals of significant social standing such as chieftains in Polynesia, to those who are regarded as outcasts such as prostitutes and criminals in Europe.

Learning to read and interpret tattoos.

Tattooing has been a facet of many civilizations and cultures for millennia with a recent resurgence in popularity in many Western countries. The reasons for tattooing are diverse ranging from simple decorative designs to enforced tattooing of concentration camp inmates. In a forensic context tattoos are frequently observed and may play a role in some cases of identification, even after decomposition, incineration or dismemberment.

LGR5: An emerging therapeutic target for cancer metastasis and chemotherapy resistance.

Cancer stem cells play an important role in tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. Leucine-rich G repeat-containing protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) has been identified as a cancer stem cell marker in several cancer types. LGR5 is involved in cancer development and progression via several pathways including WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Severe sepsis-associated acute kidney injury and outcomes: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis.

Aims: This study aimed to demonstrate an association between an episode of SA-AKI and progression to dialysis dependence, with a view to identifying a cohort who may be suitable for intensive nephrology follow-up.

Methods: Design: Retrospective data-linkage cohort study.

Educational Challenges for Post-Graduate Nursing Students Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic had immediate impact on nursing students enrolled in postgraduate and post-registration nursing courses. Some students were required to undertake additional clinical hours and place their studies on hold, while others had clinical experiences and face-to-face classes suspended, with online learning modes quickly mobilized. While there have been many reports on the impact and experience of these changes on undergraduate students, limited reports have focused on challenges for nursing students who were registered for practice following completion of their undergraduate studies, and were enrolled in higher degree, postgraduate education programs.

Improving detection of monogenic diabetes through reanalysis of GCK variants of uncertain significance.

Aims: To assess the utility of reanalysing GCK variants of uncertain significance (VUS) as an intervention to improve the detection of monogenic diabetes.

Methods: We examined GCK VUS in a local cohort of individuals with suspected monogenic diabetes and re-curated each variant against the recent ClinGen GCK-specific variant classification guidelines.

Results: Variant reanalysis achieved a new 'likely pathogenic' classification (i.

Increasing Use of Antenatal Magnesium Sulphate Prior to Preterm Birth for Preventing Cerebral Palsy in Australia and New Zealand, 2012-2020: A Binational Registry Study.

We assessed the use of magnesium sulphate prior to preterm birth for preventing cerebral palsy in an Australian and New Zealand registry study. Use increased markedly from 32.3% (2012) to 78.

Uptake of Quitline Telephone Counselling by Women Who Smoke During Pregnancy.

Background: While many pregnant women accept referrals for smoking cessation support, the uptake of telephone counselling appointments is unknown.

Aims: To determine the uptake rate of Quitline appointments among Australian pregnant women who smoke after being referred by a healthcare provider.

Materials And Methods: Data on attendance at telephone counselling appointments, number of appointments attended, gestational age at referral, referral source and smoking cessation upon completion of the program were requested from Quitline.

An open source convolutional neural network to detect and localize distal radius fractures on plain radiographs.

Purpose: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are often initially assessed by junior doctors under time constraints, with limited supervision, risking significant consequences if missed. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can aid in diagnosing fractures. This study aims to internally and externally validate an open source algorithm for the detection and localization of DRFs.

Antibody responses against influenza A decline with successive years of annual influenza vaccination.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity can be compromised with repeated vaccination. We assessed immunological markers in a cohort of healthcare workers (HCW) from six public hospitals around Australia during 2020-2021. Sera were collected pre-vaccination and ~14 and ~180 days post-vaccination and assessed in haemagglutination inhibition assay against egg-grown vaccine and equivalent cell-grown viruses.

Australian automotive workers and community leaders interview dataset following 2017 assembly plant closures.

The Australian manufacturing sector saw the exit of the automotive industry in 2017 arising in mass retrenchment across its assembly plants and supply chain firms. In 2019, a large-scale program of research was launched to investigate the impacts of the closures on workers and community including a dedicated stream of qualitative work which took place in 2021. This work took the form of in-depth interviews that investigated the experiences of automotive workers as they underwent retrenchment, reskilling, re-employment and retirement.

Patient preferences for drug therapy in inflammatory arthritis: protocol for a living systematic review and evidence map to inform clinical practice guidelines.

Introduction: The pharmacological management of inflammatory arthritis often requires choices that involve trade-offs between benefits, risks and other attributes such as administration route, frequency and cost. This living systematic review aims to inform international clinical guidelines on inflammatory arthritis by creating an evidence map of patient preference studies concerning the trade-offs in pharmacological management of inflammatory arthritis.

Methods And Analysis: We will include published and peer-reviewed full-text studies in any language that quantitatively assess preferences of patients for the pharmacological management of inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis).

Prevalence and clinical impact of the London classification: a prospective, international, multicenter study from the Lower Gastrointestinal International Consortium (LoGIC).

Introduction: The London classification provides standardization for characterization of disorders of anorectal function, although prevalences and clinical impact of these disorders are unclear.

Methods: An international research consortium was established, including five specialist centers. Prospective data were collected in consecutive adults referred for refractory chronic constipation (CC), fecal incontinence (FI) or coexistent CC/FI over 18 months.

Stigma in substance-based and behavioural addictions: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: The study of stigma contributes greatly to our understanding of individuals' experiences of mental disorders. Addictive disorders are often associated with public misconceptions of the disorder, which can contribute to shame, discrimination, and reticence to seek help. This review aimed to: (1) evaluate the nature, frequency, and prevalence of addiction stigma; (2) identify the correlates of addiction stigma; and (3) examine the psychometric qualities of addiction stigma measures.

Transitioning to high-sensitivity troponin: 1-year mortality outcomes in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome presenting to emergency departments.

Background: Switching from a conventional to a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assay enables detection of smaller amounts of myocardial damage, but the clinical benefit is unclear. We investigated whether switching to a hs-cTnI assay with a sex-specific 99th centile diagnostic threshold was associated with lower 1-year death or new myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: This pre-post study included nine tertiary hospitals in Australia.

Scrutinizing the Gateway Relationship Between Gaming and Gambling Disorder: Scoping Review With a Focus on the Southeast Asian Region.

Background: The gaming and gambling overlap has intensified with new evidence emerging. However, the relationship between gaming and gambling in the digital space is still inconclusive, especially in resource-limited Asian countries.

Objective: This study aims to review available evidence on the possible interaction and focuses specifically on the gateway interaction between gambling and gaming.