Ergothioneine improves healthspan of aged animals by enhancing cGPDH activity through CSE-dependent persulfidation.

Ergothioneine (ET), a dietary thione/thiol, is receiving growing attention for its possible benefits in healthy aging and metabolic resilience. Our study investigates ET's effects on healthspan in aged animals, revealing lifespan extension and enhanced mobility in Caenorhabditis elegans, accompanied by improved stress resistance and reduced age-associated biomarkers. In aged rats, ET administration enhances exercise endurance, muscle mass, and vascularization, concomitant with higher NAD levels in muscle.

Importance of integrin transmembrane helical interactions for antagonistic versus agonistic ligand behavior: Consequences for medical applications.

Integrins are well-characterized receptors involved in cell adhesion and signaling. With six approved drugs, they are recognized as valuable therapeutic targets. Here, we explore potential activation mechanisms that may clarify the agonist versus antagonist behavior of integrin ligands.

Factors associated with first-to-second-line attrition among patients with metastatic breast cancer in the real world.

Background: Estimating patient attrition across lines of treatment (i.e. the probability that upon treatment failure the patient will not be able to receive a subsequent treatment) may be a valuable tool for optimizing treatment sequencing.

Did selective kinase inhibitors change the management of patients with radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer?

Objective: To analyse at our Institution the criteria for selecting a first-line therapy for patients with an advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer, their clinical responses, safety and survival outcomes.

Patients And Methods: We extracted data from 69 consecutive patients referred from September 2016 to September 2024 at Federico II University Hospital, among whom 44 patients were treated with TKIs as first line treatment and outside any clinical trial, and form the basis of this report.

Results: Thirty-one (71%) patients were treated with the antiangiogenesis inhibitor lenvatinib and 13 (29%) with selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (s-TKIs).

Contact Lenses in Therapeutic Care: A Comprehensive Review of Past Innovations, Present Applications, and Future Directions.

Contact lenses have become integral tools in the realm of ocular therapeutics, extending beyond their primary function of refractive correction to encompass a diverse array of therapeutic applications. This review explores the evolving role of contact lenses in managing various ocular conditions, highlighting their efficacy in enhancing patient outcomes. Initially developed to correct refractive errors, contact lenses now serve as effective vehicles for delivering medications directly to the ocular surface, offering targeted treatment for conditions such as dry eye syndrome and corneal ulcers.

Imaging predictors of adverse prognosis in Fabry disease cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiac involvement represents the main cause of death in patients with Fabry disease (FD). Echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have an established diagnostic role, but their prognostic value remains unresolved. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess the prognostic implications of imaging parameters in FD.

How to perform and evaluate a myocardial perfusion imaging by computed tomography.

Stress computed tomography perfusion (CTP) delivers a comprehensive evaluation of both the anatomical and functional aspects in a single examination. It stands out as the only non-invasive technique capable of quantifying coronary stenosis and assessing its functional impact, offering a consolidated diagnostic and management approach for patients with confirmed or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). This very practical review ('How to.

Smaller-incision new-generation implantable miniature telescope in late-stage age-related macular degeneration: 6 month outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the intermediate-term visual and safety outcomes of the small-incision second-generation implantable miniature telescope (SING IMT) in patients with late-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD) at 6 months post-surgery.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Medical records of patients implanted with the SING IMT at two sites in Italy were reviewed.

Serum HDL and their subfractions are impaired in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe post-COVID condition due to a delayed hyperimmune response to SARS-CoV-2. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are pivotal players in inflammatory and immune modulation through the remodeling of their subfractions.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of cholesterol, HDL, and HDL subfractions (HDL-SUB) to define their role in the pathogenesis of MIS-C and their potential use as biomarkers of this condition.

Impact of 17-alpha ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) exposure on microRNAs expression and their target genes in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells.

Environmental endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) have raised significant concerns due to their potential adverse effects on human health, particularly on the central nervous system (CNS). This study provides a comparative analysis of the effects of 17-alpha ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) on neuronal cell proliferation and neurotoxicity. Using differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells, we evaluated cell viability, microRNA (miRNA) regulation, and RNA expression following exposure to subtoxic concentrations of EE2 and DEP.

Immunophenotype of uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT): Case series and meta-analysis of the literature.

Objectives: This study aimed to define the frequency of positivity of several immunohistochemical markers in uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT).

Methods: All consecutive UTROSCT cases were retrieved from consultation files of one of the authors. Histological and immunohistochemical slides were reviewed.

Spleen volume assessment in Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms: a real-life study comparing ultrasonography vs. magnetic resonance imaging scans.

Splenomegaly is a quite common clinical feature of Philadelphia (Ph) negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and its presence may, in some cases, drives treatment decision. Most importantly, palpable splenomegaly is a minor criterion for both pre-fibrotic/early primary myelofibrosis and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) diagnosis, even if clinical assessment by physical examination is poorly reliable and accurate. On the other hand, despite the International Working Group-Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Research and Treatment and European LeukemiaNet guidelines defined spleen response criteria by palpation, they also recognized the highly subjective nature of spleen size assessment by physical examination, and recommended objective confirmation of volume reduction via computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Automated Ultra-Fast C NMR Analysis of Polyolefin Materials.

Polyolefins are unique among synthetic polymers because their wide application envelope originates from a finely controlled microstructure of hydrocarbon chains, lacking any distinctive functional groups. This hampers the methods of automated sorting based on vibrational spectroscopies and calls for much more complex C NMR elucidations. High-temperature cryoprobes have dramatically shortened the acquisition time of C NMR spectra, and few minutes are now enough for polyolefin classification purposes; however, conventional data analysis remains labor and time-consuming.

Effects of clear aligners treatment in growing patients: a systematic review.

Introduction: In recent years, the use of Clear aligners (CA) has been diffused among children and adolescents. This systematic review aimed to summarize the literature regarding the effects of CA therapy in growing patients, including dentoalveolar and skeletal effects, periodontal changes, and quality of life measurements.

Methods: An electronic search on four databases was performed until September 2023, and studies including patients <18 years, treated with CA were selected.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders predictors in neonates and toddlers: A machine learning approach to risk assessment.

Background: Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) can pose a great burden on affected children, their families, and the healthcare system. Due to the lack of knowledge about the precise pathophysiology of FGIDs, a proper identification of children at risk to develop FGIDs has never been attempted. The research aims to identify early-life risk factors for FGIDs such as infantile colic, regurgitation, and functional constipation, within the first year of life.

The risk of failure of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy: from PRAETORIAN score to clinical practice.

Background: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) is an alternative to traditional ICDs. The PRAETORIAN score, based on chest radiographs, has been validated to predict the probability of successful S-ICD defibrillation testing by assessing factors like fat thickness between the coil and sternum and generator placement.

Objective: This study evaluated the correlation between the PRAETORIAN score and clinical characteristics, as well as implantation variables.

Use of artificial intelligence to study the hospitalization of women undergoing caesarean section.

Objective: The incidence of caesarean sections (CSs) has increased significantly in recent years, especially in developed countries. This study aimed to identify the factors that most influence the length of hospital stay (LOS) after a CS, using data from 9,900 women who underwent CS at the "Federico II" University Hospital of Naples between 2014 and 2021.

Methods: Various artificial intelligence models were employed to analyze the relationships between the LOS and a set of independent variables, including maternal and foetal characteristics.

Epigenetic regulation of HOXA2 expression affects tumor progression and predicts breast cancer patient survival.

Accumulating evidence suggests that genetic and epigenetic biomarkers hold potential for enhancing the early detection and monitoring of breast cancer (BC). Epigenetic alterations of the Homeobox A2 (HOXA2) gene have recently garnered significant attention in the clinical management of various malignancies. However, the precise role of HOXA2 in breast tumorigenesis has remained elusive.

The clinical assessment of lung involvement in patients with Still's disease, results from the multicentre international AIDA Network Still's Disease Registry.

Objectives: To assess the lung involvement in patients with Still's disease, an inflammatory disease assessing both children and adults. To exploit possible associated factors for parenchymal lung involvement in these patients.

Methods: A multicentre observational study was arranged assessing consecutive patients with Still's disease characterized by the lung involvement among those included in the AIDA (AutoInflammatory Disease Alliance) Network Still's Disease Registry.

Sesterterpenoids: sources, structural diversity, biological activity, and data management.

Reviewing the literature published up to October 2024.Sesterterpenoids are one of the most chemically diverse and biologically promising subgroup of terpenoids, the largest family of secondary metabolites. The present review article summarizes more than seven decades of studies on isolation and characterization of more than 1600 structurally novel sesterterpenoids, supplemented by biological, pharmacological, ecological, and geographic distribution data.