An atlas of the shared genetic architecture between atopic and gastrointestinal diseases.

Comorbidity among atopic diseases (ADs) and gastrointestinal diseases (GIDs) has been repeatedly demonstrated by epidemiological studies, whereas the shared genetic liability remains largely unknown. Here we establish an atlas of the shared genetic architecture between 10 ADs or related traits and 11 GIDs, comprehensively investigating the comorbidity-associated genomic regions, cell types, genes and genetically predicted causality. Although distinct genetic correlations between AD-GID are observed, including 14 genome-wide and 28 regional correlations, genetic factors of Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), celiac disease and asthma subtypes are converged on CD4 T cells consistently across relevant tissues.

Unravelling the role of health literacy among individuals with multimorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine existing literature regarding health literacy levels and their association with multimorbidity and the potential underlying mechanisms behind the said association.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Science Direct were searched for articles published between 1 January 2000 and 31 October 2023 using a systematic search strategy.

Building global collaborative research networks in paediatric critical care: a roadmap.

Paediatric critical care units are designed for children at a vulnerable stage of development, yet the evidence base for practice and policy in paediatric critical care remains scarce. In this Health Policy, we present a roadmap providing strategic guidance for international paediatric critical care trials. We convened a multidisciplinary group of 32 paediatric critical care experts from six continents representing paediatric critical care research networks and groups.

Polygenic prediction of occupational status GWAS elucidates genetic and environmental interplay in intergenerational transmission, careers and health in UK Biobank.

Socioeconomic status (SES) impacts health and life-course outcomes. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) of sociologically informed occupational status measures (ISEI, SIOPS, CAMSIS) using the UK Biobank (N = 273,157) identified 106 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms of which 8 are novel to the study of SES. Genetic correlations with educational attainment (r = 0.

Widening the selection criteria for lung volume reduction surgery.

https://bit.ly/4eWTNy8

The role of the psychedelic experience in psilocybin treatment for treatment-resistant depression.

Objective: To determine the relationships between psilocybin dose, psychedelic experiences, and therapeutic outcome in treatment-resistant depression.

Methods: For treatment-resistant depression, 233 participants received a single dose of 25, 10, or 1 mg of COMP360 psilocybin (a proprietary, pharmaceutical-grade synthesized psilocybin formulation, developed by the sponsor, Compass Pathfinder Ltd.) with psychological support.

Neutrophil extracellular traps and oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with and without renal involvement.

Objectives: To investigate the levels of plasma neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and free thiols, the latter reflecting systemic oxidative stress (OS), and to explore the relationship between NETs and OS in quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without renal involvement.

Methods: Plasma levels of NETs and free thiols were measured cross-sectionally in 100 SLE patients with low disease activity (SLEDAI < 5), of whom 73 patients had no renal involvement (non-LN) and 27 patients had lupus nephritis (LN). Additionally, 22 healthy controls (HCs) were included.

Abatacept use for 24 weeks has a limited effect on salivary gland inflammation in Sjögren's disease patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess (1) effects of abatacept on salivary gland histology of Sjögren's disease (SjD) patients, (2) the predictive value of salivary gland histopathological characteristics at baseline for clinical response to abatacept treatment.

Methods: Patients (n=41) who participated in the Dutch ASAP-II and ASAP-III trials and international abatacept trial (IM101603) from whom a labial (n=13) or parotid (n=28) salivary gland biopsy was obtained at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment with abatacept were included. Biopsies were analysed for SjD related histopathological features before and after abatacept (n=25) or placebo (n=16) treatment.

Mortality after high-risk myocardial infarction over the last 20 years: Insights from the VALIANT and PARADISE-MI trials.

Aims: The temporal changes in clinical profiles and outcomes of high-risk myocardial infarction survivors enrolled in clinical trials are poorly described. This study compares mortality rates, baseline characteristics, and the prognostic impact of therapies among participants of the VALIANT and PARADISE-MI trials.

Methods And Results: Exclusively VALIANT participants who matched the inclusion criteria of the PARADISE-MI trial were included in the analysis.

Articulatory-kinematic changes in speech following surgical treatment for oral or oropharyngeal cancer: A systematic review.

Background: Treatment for oral or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (O&OSCC) often leads to problems with speech articulation. Articulatory-kinematic data may be especially informative in designing new therapeutic approaches for individuals treated for these tumours.

Aims: To provide a systematic review of the literature assessing the articulatory-kinematic consequences of oral and oropharyngeal cancer treatment.

Fewer patients with insufficient weight loss after one anastomosis gastric bypass compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after 5 years of follow-up.

This study aims to give a comprehensive overview of the one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) during 5 years of follow-up in terms of weight loss, the remission of obesity-associated diseases and complications. We performed a retrospective cohort study, with a 1:1 propensity-score matched (PSM) comparison between all adult patients who underwent a primary OAGB or RYGB in 2016. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥50 kg/m were excluded.

Diagnostic Utility of Clinical Neurophysiology in Jerky Movement Disorders: A Review from the MDS Clinical Neurophysiology Study Group.

Background: Myoclonus and other jerky movement disorders are hyperkinetic disorders, the diagnosis of which heavily relies on clinical neurophysiological testing. However, formal diagnostic criteria are lacking, and recently the utility and reliability of these tests have been questioned.

Objective: The aim of this review was to assess the utilization of clinical neurophysiology testing to identify possible gaps and boundaries that might guide the development of new methods for a more precise diagnosis and in-depth understanding of myoclonus.

Lamotrigine Use in Lactating Women: Passage into Breast Milk and Infant Exposure: Grand Round/A Case Study.

Background: Lamotrigine, an antiseizure medication used for epilepsy and bipolar disorders, is often prescribed to women of childbearing age due to relatively low teratogenic risk. It is known that lamotrigine use in lactation leads to detectable concentrations in breast milk, although concentrations vary significantly among individuals.

Case Presentation: A 35-year-old pregnant woman with epilepsy presented to our outpatient clinic.

Predicting remission following CBT for childhood anxiety disorders: a machine learning approach.

Background: The identification of predictors of treatment response is crucial for improving treatment outcome for children with anxiety disorders. Machine learning methods provide opportunities to identify combinations of factors that contribute to risk prediction models.

Methods: A machine learning approach was applied to predict anxiety disorder remission in a large sample of 2114 anxious youth (5-18 years).

Maternal and perinatal mortality: Geospatial analysis of inequality in pregnancy and perinatal mortality in Ethiopia.

While there is ample evidence of the overall reduction in perinatal and pregnancy-related mortality in Ethiopia, it remains uncertain if geographic disparities have diminished. This study aimed to investigate perinatal and pregnancy-related mortality spatial distributions, trends over time, and factors associated with the distribution in Ethiopia. We used data from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Ethiopia in 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016.

The Evolution of Treatment Policies and Outcomes for Patients Aged 60 and Older with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Population-Based Analysis over Two Decades.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of the bone marrow with a median age at diagnosis of 70 years. AML is difficult to treat, especially in older patients, among whom outcomes have historically been poor. Over the last two decades, a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the pathology has led to the development of new drugs and multiple updates to treatment guidelines.

Validation of a simplified oral indicator for home care nurses to refer older people to dental care professionals.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the identification of older people in need of dental consultation, with a Simplified Oral Indicator (SOI) used by home care nurses (HCNs) and with the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-NL) completed by older people themselves, compared with the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT-NL), performed by dental hygienists.

Methods: The HCNs completed SOI based on their professional view, knowledge and experience; scores red/orange/green were given to older people for oral health and oral hygiene. Older people completed the GOHAI-NL and dental hygienists completed the OHAT-NL.

Novel risk predictor of arrhythmias for patients with potassium channel-related congenital long QT syndrome.

Background: Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by delayed ventricular repolarization, predisposing to potentially lethal ventricular arrhythmias. The variability in disease severity among patients remains largely unexplored, underscoring the limitations of current risk stratification methods.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the potential utility of electrocardiographic markers from the exercise stress test (EST) in identifying patients with high-risk LQTS.

A comparison of real-world data on adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III BRAF V600 mutated melanoma - Results of systematic literature research.

Background: Over the past decade, PD-1-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies (TT) with BRAF and MEK inhibitors transformed melanoma treatment. Both are widely used in the adjuvant setting. However, for patients with a BRAF V600 mutation, the optimal adjuvant therapy remains unclear due to the lack of head-to-head comparison studies.

Clinical manifestations, imaging and treatment of Sjögren's disease: one year in review 2024.

Sjögren's disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterised by hyperactivation of B-cells and cytokine production. The condition may evolve from an asymptomatic, indolent course, with glandular involvement, to several extra-glandular systemic manifestations up to lymphoma development. Recent efforts have been undertaken to identify patient phenotypes at risk of developing specific extraglandular manifestations in order to improve patient management.

Development of a digital risk-prediction tool based on family health history for the general population: legal and ethical implications.

Cardiovascular diseases, both inherited and familial, indicate a risk of early and preventable cardiovascular events for relatives of affected individuals. A digital risk-prediction tool that enables general population individuals to evaluate their cardiovascular risk based on family health history could be a responsible approach to facilitate early detection and improve public health, but development and use of such a tool is not without legal and ethical requirements. At the start of tool development, experts addressed potential legal and ethical implications.

Oral health care pathways for patients with epidermolysis bullosa: A position statement from the European reference network for rare skin diseases.

Background: Inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) comprises a group of genetic disorders characterized by skin fragility and unique oral features. It requires interdisciplinary care from several health professionals, including oral health teams. Modern dentistry encompasses a wide range of therapeutic options performed by specialists from different fields.

Genetics of female and male reproductive traits and their relationship with health, longevity and consequences for offspring.

Substantial shifts in reproductive behaviors have recently taken place in many high-income countries including earlier age at menarche, advanced age at childbearing, rising childlessness and a lower number of children. As reproduction shifts to later ages, genetic factors may become increasingly important. Although monogenic genetic effects are known, the genetics underlying human reproductive traits are complex, with both causal effects and statistical bias often confounded by socioeconomic factors.