Multilevel meta-analysis of multiple regression coefficients from single-case experimental studies.

The focus of the current study is on handling the dependence among multiple regression coefficients representing the treatment effects when meta-analyzing data from single-case experimental studies. We compare the results when applying three different multilevel meta-analytic models (i.e.

Traditional feminine gender roles, alcohol use, and protective behavioral strategies among Latina college students.

Objective: Studies conducted with Latina/o populations suggest there are gendered norms surrounding drinking behavior, but research examining alcohol use among Latina college students in the context of traditional feminine gender role (TFGR) norms, is scarce.: 405 Latina undergraduates completed a web-based study of sociocultural factors and alcohol use. Path analyses assessed the relation between TFGR , alcohol use, and alcohol-related protective behavioral strategies (PBS).

Activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells alleviates aging-associated cognitive decline.

Increasing evidence has challenged the traditional view about the immune privilege of the brain, but the precise roles of immune cells in regulating brain physiology and function remain poorly understood. Here, we report that tissue-resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) accumulate in the choroid plexus of aged brains. ILC2 in the aged brain are long-lived, are relatively resistant to cellular senescence and exhaustion, and are capable of switching between cell cycle dormancy and proliferation.

Fighting obesity at the local level? An analysis of predictors of local health departments' policy involvement.

Obesity is a critical public health issue in the United States. Local health departments (LHDs) can play a crucial role in public health policy, and are well-positioned to address obesity in their communities. We assess the obesity policy involvement among LHDs across the United States and the factors associated with increased involvement.

Associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older women and men: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study.

Purpose: To examine cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino women and men.

Methods: Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-2011) and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (2009-2010) were used. Participants were Hispanic/Latino women (n = 1812) and men (n = 1034) aged 45-74 years.

Downscaling NLDAS-2 daily maximum air temperatures using MODIS land surface temperatures.

We have developed and applied a relatively simple disaggregation scheme that uses spatial patterns of Land Surface Temperature (LST) from MODIS warm-season composites to improve the spatial characterization of daily maximum and minimum air temperatures. This down-scaling model produces qualitatively reasonable 1 km daily maximum and minimum air temperature estimates that reflect urban and coastal features. In a 5-city validation, the model was shown to provide improved daily maximum air temperature estimates in the three coastal cities, compared to 12 km NLDAS-2 (North American Land Data Assimilation System).

Relation Between Operator and Hospital Volumes and Long-Term Outcomes for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in New York.

Little is known about whether there is an inverse relation between provider volume and long-term adverse outcomes for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). For patients who underwent PCI procedures from December 2013 through November 2014 in New York, we examined a continuous relation and different annual PCI volume cut points at hospital and operator levels to investigate the relation between volume and 1-year adverse outcomes (mortality and mortality/acute myocardial infarction). There were 34,498 patients who underwent PCI procedures from 60 hospitals and 408 operators.

Disparities in diabetes management among medicaid recipients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD): Evidence from five U.S. states.

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions among adults. Little is known about the quality of diabetes care received by adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).

Objective: To determine the extent to which the diabetes care needs are met for a population with both IDD and diabetes who are solely insured by Medicaid in five states (Iowa, Massachusetts, New York, Oregon and South Carolina).

Growth Factor Delivery to a Cartilage-Cartilage Interface Using Platelet-Rich Concentrates on a Hyaluronic Acid Scaffold.

Purpose: To determine whether (1) human leukocyte-platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) or (2) leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) delivered on a hyaluronic acid (HA) scaffold at a bovine chondral defect, a simulated cartilage tear interface, in vitro would improve tissue formation based on biomechanical, histologic, and biochemical measures.

Methods: L-PRF and L-PRP were prepared from 3 healthy volunteer donors and delivered in conjunction with HA scaffolds to defects created in full-thickness bovine cartilage plugs harvested from bovine femoral condyle and trochlea. Specimens were cultured in vitro for up to 42 days.

The Young Adolescent Project: A longitudinal study of the effects of maltreatment on adolescent development.

The Young Adolescent Project (YAP) is an ongoing longitudinal study investigating the effects of abuse and neglect on adolescent development. It is a multidisciplinary study guided by a developmental, ecological perspective, and designed to consider the physical, social, and psychological effects of childhood maltreatment through the transition from childhood to adolescence. Four waves of data collection have been completed, ranging from early (Mean age = 10.

The impact of the Medicaid high-risk ob care management program in New York State.

Objectives: To examine the effect of high-risk obstetrics (HROB) care management on infant health and Medicaid expenditures.

Data Sources/study Setting: Medicaid administrative data and vital statistics from 2011 to 2013. In New York State, all Medicaid managed care plans provide HROB care management to their members.

Qualitative perceptions of and preferences for the research process among patients with eating disorders.

Objective: Low participation and retention rates are persistent problems in eating disorder (ED) research. In order to improve the research process, this study used a qualitative approach to examine factors promoting and limiting research study participation among patients with EDs, and their preferences during research.

Method: Five 90-min focus groups were conducted with adult women (N = 29) enrolled at a residential ED treatment facility.

Heterosexual Self-Presentation and Other Individual- and Community-Based Correlates of HIV testing among Latino Men Who Have Sex With Men.

From 2010 to 2014, HIV diagnoses among Latino men who have sex with other men (LMSM) have increased by 14%, while diagnoses declined by 11% among white, non-Latino MSM. This health disparity is in part due to exposure to other LMSM with undiagnosed HIV infections. To effectively engage LMSM who are unaware of their serostatus, profiles of men differing in theorized determinants of HIV testing must be considered.

2018 n2c2 shared task on adverse drug events and medication extraction in electronic health records.

Objective: This article summarizes the preparation, organization, evaluation, and results of Track 2 of the 2018 National NLP Clinical Challenges shared task. Track 2 focused on extraction of adverse drug events (ADEs) from clinical records and evaluated 3 tasks: concept extraction, relation classification, and end-to-end systems. We perform an analysis of the results to identify the state of the art in these tasks, learn from it, and build on it.

Random Forest Processing of Direct Analysis in Real-Time Mass Spectrometric Data Enables Species Identification of Psychoactive Plants from Their Headspace Chemical Signatures.

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has designated several "legal highs" as "plants of concern" because of the dangers associated with their increasing recreational abuse. Routine identification of these products is hampered by the difficulty in distinguishing them from innocuous plant materials such as foods, herbs, and spices. It is demonstrated here that several of these products have unique but consistent headspace chemical profiles and that multivariate statistical analysis processing of their chemical signatures can be used to accurately identify the species of plants from which the materials are derived.

Comparing the clinical presentation of eating disorder patients with and without trauma history and/or comorbid PTSD.

This study examined whether clinical characteristics among patients presenting to residential eating disorder (ED) treatment differed according to patients' trauma history and current PTSD diagnostic status. Participants (699 girls and women) completed surveys at treatment onset. One-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests assessed cross-sectional differences between three groups of patients: those reporting no trauma history (No Trauma, = 185), those with trauma history but without PTSD (Trauma, = 263), and those with current PTSD (PTSD, = 251).

Association Between Adverse Childhood Events and Multimorbidity in a Racial and Ethnic Diverse Sample of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Adverse childhood events (ACEs) have been associated with increased health risks later in life. However, it is unclear whether ACEs may be associated with multimorbidity among diverse racial/ethnic middle-aged and older adults. We evaluated whether there were racial and ethnic differences in the association between ACEs and the number of somatic and psychiatric multimorbidity in a sample of U.

Theoretical Studies of the Gas-Phase Reactions of -Methyl Methanesulfinothioate (Dimethyl Thiosulfinate) with OH and Cl Radicals: Reaction Mechanisms, Energetics, and Kinetics.

The mechanisms, energetics, and kinetics of the gas-phase reactions of terrestrial plant-derived dimethyl thiosulfinate (DMTS) with the atmospheric oxidants OH and Cl radicals were investigated using high-level ab initio calculations. The results show that the addition of OH and Cl radicals to the sulfinyl [-S(═O)] of DMTS, followed by S(═O)-S single bond cleavage to form methanesulfinic acid + CHS and methanesulfinyl chloride + CHS, respectively, are the more dominant reactions. The barrier heights for the reactions with OH and Cl radicals were found to be -5.

Benefits, Cost, and Activities of Patient Navigation (PN) Program for Colorectal Cancer Screening at the Charles B. Wang Community Health Center (CBWCHC).

To evaluate the benefits of a PN program for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening at Charles B. Wang Community Health Center (CBWCHC) in New York City from June 2012 to May 2015, estimate the cost of implementation, and describe time allocation patterns of PN activities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants of the CBWCHC in 2015.

Gender-based differential item functioning in measures of eating pathology.

Objective: Eating disorder (ED) symptoms are common and impairing in males, despite their perception as "female" disorders. As existing self-report symptom measures were developed and primarily validated in women, there is a need to establish the utility of these measures in men. The present study used differential item functioning (DIF) analyses to explore whether item endorsement differed by gender for three commonly used ED symptom measures.

Perceived stress, resilience, and health-related quality of life among Parkinson's disease caregivers in Mexico.

The stress process model of caregiving posits that caregivers' internal psychosocial resources may serve as buffers between the stress associated with caregiving and well-being. Empirical support for the stress process model exists for several caregiving contexts, but little research has investigated the Parkinson's disease caregiving experience in Mexico. Using a cross-sectional, correlational design, the objective of this study was to examine whether resilience moderates the relation between perceived stress and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Parkinson's disease caregivers in Mexico.