1,465 results match your criteria: "University Vita-Salute San Raffaele[Affiliation]"

Retinal Changes in Double-Antibody Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm

September 2024

From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.C.O., H.G.Z., S.M., C.B., L.M.M., A.U.B., F.P.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Neuroscience Clinical Research Center (F.C.O., H.G.Z., S.M., C.B., L.M.M., A.U.B., F.P.); Department of Neurology (F.C.O., F.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Einstein Center Digital Future (H.G.Z.), Berlin, Germany; Kashani MS Center (F.A.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine and Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center (R.K.); Department of Ophthalmology (A.D., M. Pourazizi), Isfahan Eye Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Department of Neurology (L.P., A.D.C.), KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, India; Department of Neurology (O.A., P.A., M. Ringelstein), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Department of Neurlogy (P.A.), Kliniken Maria Hilf Mönchengladbach; Centre for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry (M. Ringelstein), Landschaftsverband Rheinland-Klinikum Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Hospital Clinic of Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions (E.H.M.-L., B.F.S.D., P.V.), Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Departments of Neurology (N.A.), Slagelse Hospitals, Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Research; Institute of Molecular Medicine (N.A.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Service de Neurologie (R.M., A.C.-C.), Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-inflammation, Centre de Référence des Maladies Inflammatoires Rares du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat) (A.C.-C.), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Experimental Neurophysiology Unit (L.L., M. Pisa, M. Radaelli), Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE) Scientific Institute San Raffaele and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (J.P., A.R.-F., M.I.S.L.); Department of Ophthalmology (S.S.), Oxford University Hospitals, National Health Service Trust, United Kingdom; Neurology Service (J.D.S., T.S.), University Hospital of Strasbourg, France; Department of Medicine (M.R.Y.), Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Harbor-University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, and Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Torrance; Department of Medicine (M.R.Y.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles; Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (T.J.S.), Kellogg Eye Center; Division of Metabolism (T.J.S.), Endocrine and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor; and Department of Pediatrics (L.J.C.), University of Utah.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to describe the clinical features of double-antibody seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (DN-NMOSD), focusing on how these disorders affect the retina.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 25 individuals with DN-NMOSD and compared it to those with aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica (AQP4-NMOSD) and healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess retinal damage.
  • The findings revealed significant thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell layers in DN-NMOSD patients, even after just one optic neuritis episode, indicating severe retinal damage and neurodegeneration regardless of an ON history.
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Early diagnosis is crucial for the successful treatment of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), a rapidly progressing tumour. Suspicion raised on brain MRI must be confirmed by a histopathological diagnosis of a tumour specimen collected by stereotactic biopsy. In rare cases, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or vitreous humour might aid in providing a cytological diagnosis.

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  • This study looked at treating early-stage follicular lymphoma with radiation therapy and a medicine called ofatumumab.
  • They treated patients first with radiation and then gave ofatumumab to those still having cancer traces in their blood.
  • Out of the 110 people in the study, many improved after treatment, with some showing no signs of the disease for a long time.
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An estimated 30 % of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients exhibit resistance to conventional antidepressant treatments. Identifying reliable biomarkers of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a major goal of precision psychiatry, which is hampered by the clinical and biological heterogeneity. To uncover biologically-driven subtypes of MDD, we applied an unsupervised data-driven framework to stratify 102 MDD patients on their neuroimaging signature, including extracted measures of cortical thickness, grey matter volumes, and white matter fractional anisotropy.

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Article Synopsis
  • * In a study of 96 men under 50, 85.4% showed recovery of erectile function after discontinuing tadalafil, with an average usage duration of 3 months.
  • * Factors indicating less likelihood of recovery included older age, higher body mass index, and lower initial erectile function scores.
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Cardiac arrest results in a high death rate if cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation are not performed. Mortality is strongly linked to regulations, in terms of prevention and emergency-urgency system organization. In Italy, training of lay rescuers and the presence of defibrillators were recently made mandatory in schools.

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Artificial Intelligence Modeling and Priapism.

Curr Urol Rep

October 2024

Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review aims to outline the current available evidence, challenges, and future perspectives of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis and management of priapism, a condition marked by prolonged and often painful erections that presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Recent Findings: Recent advancements in AI offer promising solutions to face the challenges in diagnosing and treating priapism. AI models have demonstrated the potential to predict the need for surgical intervention and improve diagnostic accuracy.

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The main objective of this review is to examine the impact of balneotherapy on serum and salivary cortisol concentrations. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, and Google Scholar. The databases were screened from inception up until April 2024.

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ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn's Disease: Surgical Treatment.

J Crohns Colitis

October 2024

Department of Surgery and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

This article is the second in a series of two publications on the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-based consensus on the management of Crohn's disease. The first article covers medical management; the present article addresses surgical management, including preoperative aspects and drug management before surgery. It also provides technical advice for a variety of common clinical situations.

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Environmental variables related to the home context, including home literacy and numeracy, screen exposure and Socioeconomic Status (SES) are potential risks or protective factors for children's academic achievements and behaviour. The present multi-informant study aims to contribute to this issue by investigating SES's direct and indirect relationships in early learning (i.e.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mirikizumab, an anti-IL-23p19 antibody, shows effectiveness in managing symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC) such as stool frequency, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain in patients with moderately to severely active UC, as demonstrated in the LUCENT Phase 3 trials.
  • Patients treated with mirikizumab experienced significant symptom improvements by week 2 and maintained this symptom control through week 52, outperforming those on placebo.
  • Comprehensive symptom control, defined as a combination of individual patient-reported outcomes, was also achieved more frequently in mirikizumab-treated patients at both week 12 and week 52 compared to placebo.
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Article Synopsis
  • Chronic retinal necrosis is characterized by severe retinal inflammation and has been noted in patients with mild immune issues and conditions like CMV uveitis, often with negative HIV tests.
  • Two specific cases are reported involving an 85-year-old woman and a 76-year-old man, both showing symptoms of advanced retinal disease related to long-term necrotizing retinitis.
  • Testing revealed no herpesviruses but confirmed the presence of Toxoplasma gondii, suggesting that this organism should be included in the diagnosis for elderly patients with chronic retinal necrosis.
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Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Correct diagnosis requires the identification of precise morphological features such basal plasmacytosis. However, histopathological interpretation can be challenging, and it is subject to high variability.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Lombardy, Italy is setting up specialized pancreas units to centralize complex care in high-volume hospitals, using a collaborative model that involves various stakeholders to enhance clinical outcomes.
  • * The initiative aims to create structured criteria for care, including surgery and other essential treatments, providing a framework that could be adapted by other regions and countries to strengthen their cancer care systems.
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  • Leukemia is a group of bone marrow tumors characterized by rapid cell growth, and current diagnosis methods rely on slow visual inspection of blood samples to identify subtypes.
  • The study presents a novel approach using Raman hyperspectral imaging to analyze bone marrow samples from 19 patients with different leukemia subtypes, capturing over 1.3 million cell spectra.
  • The automated analysis revealed distinct cellular components and created high-quality images at the single-cell level, demonstrating Raman imaging's potential in enhancing leukemia research despite some challenges with the clustering process.
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Introduction: Incidental Gallbladder Cancer (IGBC) following cholecystectomy constitutes a significant portion of gallbladder cancer diagnoses. Re-exploration is advocated to optimize disease clearance and enhance survival rates. The consistent association of residual disease (RD) with inferior oncologic outcomes prompts a critical examination of re-resection's role as a modifying factor in the natural history of IGBC.

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The Out-of-pocket Expenses of People With Tinnitus in Europe.

J Epidemiol

November 2024

Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Medical Epidemiology.

Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses associated with tinnitus in several European countries, revealing significant costs that vary by severity of the condition.
  • - Participants reported annual OOP expenses averaging 368€ for slight, 728€ for moderate, and 1,492€ for severe tinnitus, totaling an estimated 565€ for all tinnitus sufferers due to healthcare visits, treatments, medications, and alternative medicine.
  • - The findings highlight the substantial economic burden of tinnitus, comparable to other major disabilities, indicating a willingness among individuals to invest significant monthly income for relief, and suggesting the total expenses exceed 17 billion € across the countries studied.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into the study and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could significantly improve how doctors assess and predict disease activity through precise evaluations and standardised scoring methods
  • - AI can support a comprehensive approach by combining data from endoscopy, histology, and other omics, which could lead to more personalised treatment options for IBD patients
  • - Despite its potential, challenges such as data quality, ethical issues, and the need for standardised guidelines need to be addressed to successfully implement AI in clinical settings and research for IBD
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Purpose: Radiomics may aid in predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Consistent data is available on CT, yet limited data is available on MRI. This study assesses the capability of MRI-derived radiomic features (RFs) to predict local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) in patients with CLMs treated with microwave ablation (MWA).

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study analyzes outcomes of laparoscopic (LPN), robot-assisted (RAPN), and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in obese patients with renal cell carcinoma to assess their perioperative and long-term effectiveness.
  • - Data from 388 patients were evaluated, showing that LRN resulted in a significantly higher incidence of acute kidney injury and greater decline in renal function compared to LPN and RAPN.
  • - The research suggests that LPN and RAPN are associated with similar complication rates and better kidney function preservation than LRN, emphasizing the advantages of these minimally invasive techniques for obese patients.
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Background & Aims: The pivotal phase 3 True North (TN) study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ozanimod in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. This analysis assessed ozanimod during TN and the ongoing open-label extension (OLE) in patients with active disease who were naive to advanced therapies (ATs).

Methods: TN was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial consisting of 10-week induction period and 42-week maintenance period.

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Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a rare genetic syndrome caused by a germline pathogenic variant in one VHL allele. Any somatic event disrupting the other allele induces VHL protein (pVHL) loss of function, ultimately leading to patients developing multiple tumours in multiple organs at multiple timepoints, and reducing life expectancy. Treatment of this complex, rare disease is often fragmented, as patients visit specialist clinicians in isolation at different medical centres.

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Second allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT2) is among the most effective treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse after first alloSCT (alloSCT1). Long-term EBMT registry data were used to provide large scale, up-to-date outcome results and to identify factors for improved outcome. Among 1540 recipients of alloSCT2, increasing age, better disease control and performance status before alloSCT2, more use of alternative donors and higher conditioning intensity represented important trends over time.

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