Lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine for critically ill patients with COVID-19: REMAP-CAP randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To study the efficacy of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: Critically ill adults with COVID-19 were randomized to receive lopinavir-ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, combination therapy of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine or no antiviral therapy (control). The primary endpoint was an ordinal scale of organ support-free days.

Implementation of a top five list to identify medical overuse in general practice according to patients' viewpoint in 2019 in France.

Background: There is a current trend to reassess the adequacy of care. Establishing top five lists by involving patients is one way to address medical overuse. The objective of this study was to establish a patients' top five list in general practice in France.

Is a treat-to-target approach to lipid-lowering therapy appropriate in patients with chronic kidney disease? A prospective French cohort study.

Background: Whereas European guidelines recommend adjusting lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) to meet prespecified targets ('treat-to-target') for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), other guidelines do not ('fire and forget'). In a large observational prospective cohort, we sought to evaluate which strategy could be associated with better cardiovascular outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: In CKD-REIN, patients (CKD stages 3 and 4) on LLT were categorized according to achievement of LDL-C targets for high and very high cardiovascular risk (< 2.

Cutaneous adverse events in children treated with vemurafenib for refractory BRAF mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Background: The somatic BRAF mutation occurs in 38-64% of pediatric cases of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Vemurafenib (VMF), a BRAF inhibitor, was approved for refractory BRAF mutated LCH. In adults, VMF causes frequent cutaneous adverse events (CAE) including skin tumors (squamous cell carcinomas, melanomas), but little is known in children.

Renin-Angiotensin System Blockers and the Risk of COVID-19-Related Mortality in Patients with Kidney Failure.

Background And Objectives: There is concern about potential deleterious effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with kidney failure, who often use ACEis/ARBs, are at higher risk of more severe COVID-19. However, there are no data available on the association of ACEi/ARB use with COVID-19 severity in this population.

Blood pressure measurement during cesarean delivery: Evaluation of a beat-to-beat noninvasive device (NexfinTM).

Early detection of arterial hypotension during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia is important. This study aims to compare the validity of NexfinTM as beat-to-beat noninvasive blood pressure monitoring with conventional intermittent oscillometric measurement of blood pressure during elective cesarean delivery.This open prospective observational bicentric study was performed between January 2013 and December 2015.

First-Line Afatinib plus Cetuximab for -Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results from the Randomized Phase II IFCT-1503 ACE-Lung Study.

Purpose: Double inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using a tyrosine kinase inhibitor plus a monoclonal antibody may be a novel treatment strategy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assessed the efficacy and toxicity of afatinib + cetuximab versus afatinib alone in the first-line treatment of advanced -mutant NSCLC.

Patients And Methods: In this phase II, randomized, open-label study, patients with stage III/IV -positive NSCLC were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive afatinib (group A) or afatinib + cetuximab (group A + C).

Phosphate meeting cholesterol-consequences for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease?

Cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease. Hyperphosphatemia is associated with subclinical atheromatosis in chronic kidney disease. Phosphate-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular calcification are thought to be key inducers of atherosclerosis in this condition.

Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective multicentre study.

Objectives: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is commonly used to treat severe COVID-19, although the clinical outcome of such treatment remains unclear. This study evaluated the effectiveness of IVIG treatment in severe COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This retrospective multicentre study evaluated 28-day mortality in severe COVID-19 patients with or without IVIG treatment.

Sexual Orientation and Functional Limitations: Cross-sectional Analyses From the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.

Objective: To assess the association between sexual orientation and functional limitations in a large representative sample of the English population.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data were from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.

Pressurized intra-peritoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): increased intraperitoneal pressure does not affect distribution patterns but leads to deeper penetration depth of doxorubicin in a sheep model.

Background: Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative treatment against peritoneal carcinomatosis. Doxorubicin is a common intra-venous chemotherapy used for peritoneal carcinomatosis and for PIPAC. This study evaluated the impact of increased PIPAC intraperitoneal pressure on the distribution and cell penetration of doxorubicin in a sheep model.

Corticosteroids in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 ARDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Corticosteroids are now recommended for patients with severe COVID-19 including those with COVID-related ARDS. This has generated renewed interest regarding whether corticosteroids should be used in non-COVID ARDS as well. The objective of this study was to summarize all RCTs examining the use of corticosteroids in ARDS.

SARS-CoV-2 reinfections among hospital staff in the greater Paris area.

After one year, among 236 hospital staff members (HSMs) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, we observed 5 cases of suspected reinfection in our teaching hospital in France. No probable reinfection was retained considering PCR Cycle Threshold and clinical context. Focus should concern COVID-free HSMs still not vaccinated rather than the ones previously infected.

Metformin prevents stroke damage in non-diabetic female mice with chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) worsens ischemic stroke severity in both patients and animals. In mice, these poorer functional outcomes are associated with decreased brain activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a molecule that recently emerged as a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. The antidiabetic drug metformin, a well-known activator of AMPK, has improved stroke outcomes in diabetic patients with normal renal function.

Safety and efficacy of intensive blood pressure lowering after successful endovascular therapy in acute ischaemic stroke (BP-TARGET): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

Background: High systolic blood pressure after successful endovascular therapy for acute ischaemic stroke is associated with increased risk of intraparenchymal haemorrhage. However, no randomised controlled trials are available to guide optimal management. We therefore aimed to assess whether an intensive systolic blood pressure target resulted in reduced rates of intraparenchymal haemorrhage compared with a standard systolic blood pressure target.

The first wave of COVID-19 in hospital staff members of a tertiary care hospital in the greater Paris area: A surveillance and risk factors study.

Introduction: Understanding how hospital staff members (HSMs), including healthcare workers, acquired severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first wave can guide the control measures in the current second wave in Europe.

Methods: From March 5 to May 10, 2020, the Raymond-Poincaré Hospital held a weekday consultation for HSMs for PCR testing. HSMs were requested to complete a questionnaire on their potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2.

Corticosteroids for COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is placing a major burden on healthcare, economy and social systems worldwide owing to its fast spread and unacceptably high death toll. The unprecedented research effort has established the role of a deregulated immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, resulting in systemic inflammation. After that, the immunomodulatory approach has been placed in the top list of the research agenda for COVID-19.

Metabolic profiling of deschloro-N-ethyl-ketamine and identification of new target metabolites in urine and hair using human liver microsomes and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry.

The aim of this study was to identify new markers of deschloro-N-ethyl-ketamine (O-PCE), a ketamine analogue that has been involved in acute intoxications with severe outcomes including death and whose metabolism has never been studied before. In vitro study after 2-h incubation with pooled human liver microsomes (HLMs) cross-checked by the analysis of urine and hair from a 43-year-old O-PCE user (male) were performed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Acquired data were processed by the Compound Discoverer® software, and a full metabolic profile of O-PCE was proposed.

Otolaryngological complications of hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring.

Probe of pH study may kink in the esophagus leading to nasal symptoms during the removal.

Assessment of Machine Learning to Estimate the Individual Treatment Effect of Corticosteroids in Septic Shock.

Importance: The survival benefit of corticosteroids in septic shock remains uncertain.

Objective: To estimate the individual treatment effect (ITE) of corticosteroids in adults with septic shock in intensive care units using machine learning and to evaluate the net benefit of corticosteroids when the decision to treat is based on the individual estimated absolute treatment effect.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study used individual patient data from 4 trials on steroid supplementation in adults with septic shock as a training cohort to model the ITE using an ensemble machine learning approach.

Eculizumab as an emergency treatment for adult patients with severe COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: A proof-of-concept study.

Background: Complement pathway inhibition may provide benefit for severe acute respiratory illnesses caused by viral infections such as COVID-19. We present results from a nonrandomized proof-of-concept study of complement C5 inhibitor eculizumab for treatment of severe COVID-19.

Methods: All patients ( = 80) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 admitted to our intensive care unit between March 10 and May 5, 2020 were included.

COVID-19-related mortality in kidney transplant and dialysis patients: results of the ERACODA collaboration.

Background: Patients on kidney replacement therapy comprise a vulnerable population and may be at increased risk of death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, only limited data are available on outcomes in this patient population.

Methods: We set up the ERACODA (European Renal Association COVID-19 Database) database, which is specifically designed to prospectively collect detailed data on kidney transplant and dialysis patients with COVID-19.