The challenges of and solutions for combining cocreation and agile in the development of health information technologies.

Background: Involving users has become a prominent principle in the development of Health Information Technologies (HIT) and has led to an uprise in agile and cocreation methods. Previous literature shows how the two can be combined in one method, but also suggest that using such a method may come with challenges, for which the solutions are unclear.

Purpose: To identify the challenges of using a method that combines agile and cocreation, provide solutions for these challenges, and evaluate its usage.

COMOKIT v2: A multi-scale approach to modeling and simulating epidemic control policies.

The COVID-19 crisis demonstrated the importance of using models to understand, predict, and manage epidemics, in particular by assessing in advance the effect of different intervention policies. Numerous models have been proposed to answer a wide range of questions, from the impact of open borders to the effectiveness of neighborhood containment to the role of building ventilation in virus dispersion. However, the vast majority of these models are only suited to a scale of representation, analysis, or experimentation.

Ultrarapid lytic granule release from CTLs activates Ca-dependent synaptic resistance pathways in melanoma cells.

Human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) exhibit ultrarapid lytic granule secretion, but whether melanoma cells mobilize defense mechanisms with commensurate rapidity remains unknown. We used single-cell time-lapse microscopy to offer high spatiotemporal resolution analyses of subcellular events in melanoma cells upon CTL attack. Target cell perforation initiated an intracellular Ca wave that propagated outward from the synapse within milliseconds and triggered lysosomal mobilization to the synapse, facilitating membrane repair and conferring resistance to CTL induced cytotoxicity.

Cultured Meat: Promises and Challenges.

Cultured meat involves producing meat from animal cells, not from slaughtered animals. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize the meat industry, with wide implications for the environment, health and animal welfare. The main purpose of this paper is to stimulate some economic research on cultured meat.

Fair innings? The utilitarian and prioritarian value of risk reduction over a whole lifetime.

The social value of risk reduction (SVRR) is the marginal social value of reducing an individual's fatality risk, as measured by some social welfare function (SWF). This Article investigates SVRR, using a lifetime utility model in which individuals are differentiated by age, lifetime income profile, and lifetime risk profile. We consider both the utilitarian SWF and a "prioritarian" SWF, which applies a strictly increasing and strictly concave transformation to individual utility.