Simultaneous activation of different subtypes of dopamine receptors may lead to activation of homeostatic sleep regulatory mechanisms.

Dopaminergic system gains importance in homeostatic sleep regulation, but the role of different dopamine receptors is not well-defined. 72 h rat electrocorticogram and sleep recordings were made after single application of dopaminergic drugs in clinical use or at least underwent clinical trials. The non-selective agonist apomorphine evoked short pharmacological sleep deprivation with intense wakefulness followed by pronounced sleep rebound.

Very late onset narcolepsy type 1: a case report and review of the literature.

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a clinical syndrome defined by recurrent episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), episodes of cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Symptoms typically manifest in the second or third decade with another small peak in the fourth decade. In this report we describe the case of a 64-year-old woman presenting with new-onset visual hallucinations as the main complaint.

Neuropsychological profile of POLR3A-related spastic ataxia.

Background And Objectives: POLR3-related disorders are a group of autosomal recessive neurodegenerative diseases that usually cause leukodystrophy and can lead to cognitive dysfunction. Literature reporting comprehensive neuropsychological assessment in POLR3A-related diseases is sparse. Here we describe the neuropsychological profile of a case of childhood-onset POLR3A-related spastic ataxia without leukodystrophy.

A stratified treatment algorithm in psychiatry: a program on stratified pharmacogenomics in severe mental illness (Psych-STRATA): concept, objectives and methodologies of a multidisciplinary project funded by Horizon Europe.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) are severe psychiatric disorders that are challenging to treat, often leading to treatment resistance (TR). It is crucial to develop effective methods to identify and treat patients at risk of TR at an early stage in a personalized manner, considering their biological basis, their clinical and psychosocial characteristics. Effective translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice is essential for achieving this goal.

The effects of acute exercise on emotional pattern separation in adolescents and young adults.

Acute exercise has been associated with cognitive improvements, particularly in memory processes linked to the hippocampus, such as the ability to discriminate between similar stimuli, called hippocampal pattern separation. This can be assessed behaviorally with a mnemonic discrimination task and neurally with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Additionally, previous research has shown an emotional modulatory effect on pattern separation, involving the amygdala.

Predictors of treatment response trajectories to cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome: A cohort study.

Background: The response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) varies greatly between patients, but predictors of treatment success remain to be elucidated. We aimed to identify patient subgroups based on fatigue trajectory during CBT, identify pre-treatment predictors of subgroup membership, and disentangle the direction of predictor - outcome relationships over time.

Methods: 297 individuals with CFS were enrolled in a standardized CBT program consisting of 17 sessions, with session timing variable between participants.

Lithium-associated hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to review and summarise the existing human literature on the association between lithium and hyperparathyroidism.

Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines (last search 27 February 2024), using MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of lithium-associated hypercalcemia (LAH) in lithium-treated patients.

The Role of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with a high burden of disability and mortality. Despite standard treatments with antidepressants and/or psychotherapy, remission is often difficult to achieve. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for mood disorders but is currently not recognized as a treatment modality for PTSD.

Late Life Depression is Not Associated With Alzheimer-Type Tau: Preliminary Evidence From a Next-Generation Tau Ligand PET-MR Study.

Objective: To investigate whether tau accumulation is higher in late life depression (LLD) compared to non-depressed cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. To situate these findings in the neurodegeneration model of LLD by assessing group differences in tau and grey matter volume (GMV) between LLD, non-depressed CU and mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's Disease (MCI).

Design: Monocentric, cross-sectional study.

Characterization of gray matter volume changes from one week to 6 months after termination of electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients.

Background: Increased gray matter volume (GMV) following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been well-documented, with limited studies reporting a subsequent decrease in GMV afterwards.

Objective: This study characterized the reversion pattern of GMV after ECT and its association with clinical depression outcome, using multi-site triple time-point data from the Global ECT-MRI Research Collaboration (GEMRIC).

Methods: 86 subjects from the GEMRIC database were included, and GMV in 84 regions-of-interest (ROI) was obtained from automatic segmentation of T1 MRI images at three timepoints: pre-ECT (T), within one-week post-ECT (T), and one to six months post-ECT (T).

Acoustic Stimulation to Improve Slow-Wave Sleep in Alzheimer's Disease: A Multiple Night At-Home Intervention.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of closed-loop acoustic stimulation (CLAS) during slow-wave sleep (SWS) to enhance slow-wave activity (SWA) and SWS in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) across multiple nights and to explore associations between stimulation, participant characteristics, and individuals' SWS response.

Design: A 2-week, open-label at-home intervention study utilizing the DREEM2 headband to record sleep data and administer CLAS during SWS.

Setting And Participants: Fifteen older patients with AD (6 women, mean age: 76.

Physiological Profiling of Agitation in Dementia: Insights From Wearable Sensor Data.

Background And Objectives: The number of people with dementia is expected to triple to 152 million in 2050, with 90% having accompanying behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD). Agitation is among the most critical BPSD and can lead to decreased quality of life for people with dementia and their caregivers. This study aims to explore objective quantification of agitation in people with dementia by analyzing the relationships between physiological and movement data from wearables and observational measures of agitation.

Aticaprant, a kappa opioid receptor antagonist, and the recovered 'interest and pleasure' in the concept of major depressive disorder.

Lack of positive mood and anhedonia probably are the most specific depressive symptoms. Anhedonia is a multifaceted concept: the clinical language describes anticipatory/consummatory anhedonia and sensory/social anhedonia while the cognitive neuroscience language describes readiness for reward, energy expenditure to attain reward, updating reward presence and value. Mounting evidence supports the potential of kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists as novel pharmacotherapies for major depressive disorder : aticaprant is a potent, selective, short-acting KOR antagonist.

Continuous theta burst stimulation for bipolar depression: A multicenter, double-blind randomized controlled study exploring treatment efficacy and predictive potential of kynurenine metabolites.

Background: While theta burst stimulation (TBS) shows promise in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), its effectiveness in bipolar depression (BD-D) remains uncertain. Optimizing treatment parameters is crucial in the pursuit of rapid symptom relief. Moreover, aligning with personalized treatment strategies and increased interest in immunopsychiatry, biomarker-based stratification of patients most likely to benefit from TBS might improve remission rates.

Preliminary evidence for preserved synaptic density in late-life depression.

Late-life depression has been consistently associated with lower gray matter volume, the origin of which remains largely unexplained. Recent in-vivo PET findings in early-onset depression and Alzheimer's Disease suggest that synaptic deficits contribute to the pathophysiology of these disorders and may therefore contribute to lower gray matter volume in late-life depression. Here, we investigate synaptic density in vivo for the first time in late-life depression using the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A receptor radioligand C-UCB-J.

Methylphenidate and Sleep Difficulties in Children and Adolescents With ADHD: Results From the 2-Year Naturalistic Pharmacovigilance ADDUCE Study.

Objective: Short-term RCTs have demonstrated that MPH-treatment significantly reduces ADHD-symptoms, but is also associated with adverse events, including sleep problems. However, data on long-term effects of MPH on sleep remain limited.

Methods: We performed a 2-year naturalistic prospective pharmacovigilance multicentre study.

Corticosteroids and mania: A systematic review.

Objectives: Corticosteroids are widely prescribed for a variety of medical conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that their use may be associated with adverse psychiatric effects, including mania. In this systematic review, we aim to critically evaluate the existing literature on the association between corticosteroid use and the emergence of mania.