Expression of Yes-associated protein in endothelial cells of human corneas before and after storage in organ culture.

The cornea, the anterior meniscus-shaped transparent and refractive structure of the eyeball, is the first mechanical barrier of the eye. Its functionality heavily relies on the health of its endothelium, its most posterior layer. The treatment of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) deficiency is allogeneic corneal graft using stored donor corneas.

Upregulation of haematopoetic cell kinase (Hck) activity by a secreted parasite effector protein (Ta9) drives proliferation of Theileria annulata-transformed leukocytes.

Reversible transformation of bovine leukocytes by the intracellular parasites Theileria annulata and Theileria parva is central to pathogenesis of the diseases they cause, tropical theileriosis and East Coast Fever, respectively. Parasite-dependent constitutive activation of major host transcription factors such as AP-1 (Activating Protein 1) and NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-Kappa B) sustains the transformed state. Although parasite interaction with host cell signaling pathways upstream of AP-1 have been studied, the precise contribution of Theileria encoded factors capable of modulating AP-1 transcriptional activity, and other infection-altered signaling pathways is not fully understood.

Hepatocellular carcinoma hosts cholinergic neural cells and tumoral hepatocytes harboring targetable muscarinic receptors.

Background & Aims: Owing to unexplained interpatient variation and treatment failure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), novel therapeutic approaches remain an urgent clinical need. Hepatic neurons, belonging to the autonomic nervous system (ANS), mediate liver/whole body crosstalk. Pathological innervation of the ANS has been identified in cancer, nurturing tumor stroma and conferring stronger carcinogenic properties.

Different disease activity trajectories in early axial spondyloarthritis lead to significantly different long-term outcomes: a trajectory-based analysis of the DESIR cohort over 10 years.

Introduction: The study aimed to identify and describe disease activity trajectories over 10 years in patients with recent-onset axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and determine their impact on long-term outcomes.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre study (Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes cohort, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT) followed patients with early axSpA for 10 years.

Overexpression of Egr1 Transcription Regulator Contributes to Schwann Cell Differentiation Defects in Neural Crest-Specific Knockout Mice.

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) is the principal enzyme for the adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing that prevents the aberrant activation of cytosolic nucleic acid sensors by endogenous double stranded RNAs and the activation of interferon-stimulated genes. In mice, the conditional neural crest deletion of reduces the survival of melanocytes and alters the differentiation of Schwann cells that fail to myelinate nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system. These myelination defects are partially rescued upon the concomitant removal of the Mda5 antiviral dsRNA sensor in vitro, suggesting implication of the Mda5/Mavs pathway and downstream effectors in the genesis of mutant phenotypes.

Nutritionally acquired immunodeficiency must be addressed with the same urgency as HIV to end tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious killer worldwide, with 10.6 million cases and 1.6 million deaths in 2021 alone.

Vaccine policies in France and Europe.

This review outlines the outcome of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in France and assesses the respective roles of information and coercion in its overall success. These data are then put into perspective of the evolution of vaccination acceptance in France.

The First Lugano Workshop on the role of adenomyosis in ART.

Adenomyosis is an important clinical condition with uncertain prevalence, and clinical focus on adenomyosis in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) has increased during recent years. Recognizing the limited clinical knowledge on the impact of adenomyosis on ART outcomes, the First Lugano Adenomyosis Workshop was a symposium involving experts in the field of adenomyosis, covering basic research, imaging, surgery and infertility to highlight current advances and future research areas over a wide range of topics related to adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is characterized by altered oestrogen and progesterone signalling pathways.

How do we respond to the threat of multidrug-resistant bacteria? Comparison of antibiotic appraisals from 2016 to 2020 of the French, English, and German HTA agencies.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide growing concern over the past decades. Thus, encouraging manufacturers to develop new antibiotics is needed. We hypothesised that transparency on the regulatory appraisals of antibiotics would provide an incentive to pharmaceutical development.

Safety and immunogenicity of CD40.HIVRI.Env, a dendritic cell-based HIV vaccine, in healthy HIV-uninfected adults: a first-in-human randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study (ANRS VRI06).

Background: Current HIV prophylactic vaccines evaluate HIV Env as purified proteins. CD40.HIVRI.

Endoscopic papillectomy versus surgical ampullectomy for adenomas and early cancers of the papilla: a retrospective Pancreas2000/European Pancreatic Club analysis.

Objective: Ampullary neoplastic lesions can be resected by endoscopic papillectomy (EP) or transduodenal surgical ampullectomy (TSA) while pancreaticoduodenectomy is reserved for more advanced lesions. We present the largest retrospective comparative study analysing EP and TSA.

Design: Of all patients in the database, lesions with prior interventions, benign histology advanced malignancy (T2 and more), patients with hereditary syndromes and those undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were excluded.

Vigabatrin-associated brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities and clinical symptoms in infants with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Objective: Previous retrospective studies have reported vigabatrin-associated brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (VABAM), although clinical impact is unknown. We evaluated the association between vigabatrin and predefined brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in a large homogenous tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) cohort and assessed to what extent VABAM-related symptoms were reported in TSC infants.

Methods: The Dutch TSC Registry and the EPISTOP cohort provided retrospective and prospective data from 80 TSC patients treated with vigabatrin (VGB) before the age of 2 years and 23 TSC patients without VGB.

Performance of the EULAR Systemic sclerosis Impact of Disease (ScleroID) questionnaire as a patient-reported outcome measure for patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis.

Objective: Systemic sclerosis Impact of Disease (ScleroID) is the first comprehensive patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) specifically developed for systemic sclerosis (SSc). We investigated the performance of ScleroID in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), as a prerequisite for its use in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing potentially disease-modifying drugs.

Methods: All patients with dcSSc from the large, multicentric, ScleroID cohort were included.

Feasibility and acceptability of a systematic offer of HIV rapid testing to Family Planning Centers visitors by non-physician professionals in France.

Background: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic remains active among women in Europe, with significant missed opportunities for HIV testing. Although HIV testing falls within the scope of Family Planning Centers (FPCs), it is often not offered. This pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of systematically offering HIV rapid testing by non-physician professionals, independent of medical appointments, to visitors and accompanying persons in FCPs.

Heterozygous BTNL8 variants in individuals with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare condition following SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with intestinal manifestations. Genetic predisposition, including inborn errors of the OAS-RNAseL pathway, has been reported. We sequenced 154 MIS-C patients and utilized a novel statistical framework of gene burden analysis, "burdenMC," which identified an enrichment for rare predicted-deleterious variants in BTNL8 (OR = 4.

ACK1 and BRK non-receptor tyrosine kinase deficiencies are associated with familial systemic lupus and involved in efferocytosis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, the pathophysiology and genetic basis of which are incompletely understood. Using a forward genetic screen in multiplex families with SLE, we identified an association between SLE and compound heterozygous deleterious variants in the non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) and . Experimental blockade of ACK1 or BRK increased circulating autoantibodies in vivo in mice and exacerbated glomerular IgG deposits in an SLE mouse model.

Real-life use of the PEXIVAS reduced-dose glucocorticoid regimen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis.

Background: The PEXIVAS (Plasma exchange and glucocorticoids in severe antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis) trial showed that a reduced-dose glucocorticoid regimen (redGC) was non-inferior to a standard-dose regimen (standGC) with respect to death or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). However, the primary endpoint did not include disease progression or relapse, cyclophosphamide was the main induction therapy and rituximab (RTX)-treated patients tended to have a higher risk of death or ESKD with redGC. We aimed to evaluate the real-world use of redGC.

Inducing and regulating human naive CD4 T cell proliferation by different antigen presenting cells.

We have shown in previous studies that naive CD4 T cells isolated from human peripheral blood are induced to proliferate by CD4CD11cCD14CD16 dendritic cells presenting the superantigen SEE. Since this population is very poorly expressed in blood, we tried to find other antigen presenting cells (APCs) to induce this proliferation. The aim of the previous studies was to investigate the regulation of T cell proliferation in pediatric monogenic autoimmune diseases and the regulation of this proliferation by regulatory T cells (TREGs).

Fetal Presentation of MYRF-Related Cardiac Urogenital Syndrome: An Emerging and Challenging Prenatal Diagnosis.

Purpose: MYRF-related cardiac-urogenital syndrome (MYRF-CUGS) is a rare condition associated with heterozygous MYRF variants. The description of MYRF-CUGS phenotype is mostly based on postnatal cases and 36 affected individuals have been published so far. We aim now to delineate the prenatal phenotype of MYRF-CUGS by reporting clinical data from fetuses and neonates with a pathogenic MYRF variant.

Adverse events in the placebo arm of SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21 maintenance trial of olaparib in recurrent ovarian cancer.

Background: In women with platinum sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PSROC) undergoing maintenance treatment, adverse events (AEs) not attributable to the current treatment are not well understood. We used data from SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21 to evaluate AEs reported in the placebo arm and to explore their longitudinal trajectories.

Methods: SOLO2/ENGOT-Ov21 (NCT01874353) randomly assigned 295 PSROC participants with a BRCA1/2 mutation to maintenance olaparib tablets (N = 196) or matching placebo (N = 99).