Vaginal misoprostol versus vaginal dinoprostone for cervical ripening and induction of labour: An individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Induction of labour (IOL) is common practice and different methods carry different effectiveness and safety profiles.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness, and maternal and perinatal safety outcomes of IOL with vaginal misoprostol versus vaginal dinoprostone using individual participant data from randomised clinical trials.

Search Strategy: The following databases were searched from inception to March 2023: CINAHL Plus, ClinicalTrials.

Exploring the risk of hypospadias in children born from mothers living close to a vineyard.

Hypospadias (H) is a common birth defect affecting the male urinary tract. It has been suggested that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals might increase the risk of H by altering urethral development. However, whether H risk is increased in places heavily exposed to agricultural pesticides, such as vineyards, remains debated and difficult to ascertain.

Surgical approach to the posterior fossa in children, including anesthetic considerations and complications: The prone and the sitting position. Technical note.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) in children is, in most cases, a midline lesion located in the posterior fossa, with a high tendency to invade the fourth ventricle (and sometimes its floor).

Methods: In this technical note, we present both the sitting and the prone position for children with medulloblastoma. These positions will be described together by deliberately deciding not to oppose one against the other.

Guidelines: Anaesthesia in the context of COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: The world is currently facing an unprecedented healthcare crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of these guidelines is to produce a framework to facilitate the partial and gradual resumption of intervention activity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: The group has endeavoured to produce a minimum number of recommendations to highlight the strengths to be retained in the 7 predefined areas: (1) protection of staff and patients; (2) benefit/risk and patient information; (3) preoperative assessment and decision on intervention; (4) modalities of the preanaesthesia consultation; (5) specificity of anaesthesia and analgesia; (6) dedicated circuits and (7) containment exit type of interventions.

Hypoglycemia in CDG patients due to PMM2 mutations: Follow up on hyperinsulinemic patients.

Background: Phosphomannomutase 2 deficiency (PMM2-CDG) is the most common congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). Hypoglycemia has been reported in various CDG including PMM2-CDG. The frequency and etiology of hypoglycemia in PMM2-CDG are not well studied.

Short-term and Long-term Outcome of Endoluminal Vacuum Therapy for Colorectal or Coloanal Anastomotic Leakage: Results of a Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study From the French GRECCAR Group.

Background: The indications and efficacy of endoluminal vacuum therapy for the management of colorectal/coloanal anastomotic leakage are not well defined.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and to define adequate indications of endoluminal vacuum therapy to treat colorectal/coloanal anastomotic leakage.

Design: The retrospective cohort evaluated in this study is based on a prospectively maintained database.

Immunosuppressant therapeutic drug monitoring and trough level stabilisation after paediatric liver or kidney transplantation.

Background: Immunosuppressive therapy must be guided by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in paediatric liver (LT) and kidney transplantation (KT) patients to prevent under- and overdosing, which have clinical consequences.

Aim: The purpose of our study was to analyse TDM results in our institutions and evaluate factors associated with blood level stabilisation after LT and KT.

Methods: Blood levels of immunosuppressants were measured by immunoassay analysis.

A survey of the anesthetic management of pediatric kidney transplantation in France.

Background: Renal transplantation is the best available therapeutic option for end-stage renal failure in both children and adults. However, little is known about anesthetic practice during pediatric renal transplantation.

Material And Methods: The study consisted of a national survey about anesthetic practice during pediatric renal transplantation in France.

Management of the child's airway under anaesthesia: The French guidelines.

Objective: To provide French guidelines about "Airway management during paediatric anaesthesia".

Design: A consensus committee of 17 experts from the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (Société Française d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, SFAR) and the Association of French speaking paediatric anaesthesiologists and intensivists (Association Des Anesthésistes Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Francophone, ADARPEF) was convened. The entire process was conducted independently of any industry funding.

Recommendations for the design of therapeutic trials for neonatal seizures.

Although seizures have a higher incidence in neonates than any other age group and are associated with significant mortality and neurodevelopmental disability, treatment is largely guided by physician preference and tradition, due to a lack of data from well-designed clinical trials. There is increasing interest in conducting trials of novel drugs to treat neonatal seizures, but the unique characteristics of this disorder and patient population require special consideration with regard to trial design. The Critical Path Institute formed a global working group of experts and key stakeholders from academia, the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory agencies, neonatal nurse associations, and patient advocacy groups to develop consensus recommendations for design of clinical trials to treat neonatal seizures.

mTOR inhibitors in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Background: During the past decade, mTOR inhibitors (mTORi), everolimus and sirolimus, have been increasingly used after adult liver transplantation (LT). The aim of the present study was to describe the use of mTORi in pediatric LT recipients.

Methods: All pediatric LT recipients who received mTORi before December 2017 from 4 European pediatric LT centers were included and analyzed.

Peri-operative management of overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Obesity has become endemic, even in children. Systemic complications associated with obesity include metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory compromise. These comorbidities require adequate investigation, targeted optimisation, and, if surgery is required, specific management during the peri-operative period.

Cytomegalovirus Anterior Uveitis: Clinical Characteristics and Long-term Outcomes in a French Series.

Purpose: To report the characteristics of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMV AU) and the comparative response to 2 types of antiviral induction treatments.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive case series.

Methods: Consecutive immunocompetent patients with polymerase chain reaction-positive CMV AU were included.

A 78-Year-Old Man With Historical Goiter.

The purpose of this paper is to provide description of the natural evolution of an initially operable goitre into unmesurable form in a context of deeply unknown psychiatric disorders initially unknown.

Frontal sinus revision rate after nasal polyposis surgery including frontal recess clearance and middle turbinectomy: A long-term analysis.

Objective: To determine the frontal sinus revision rate after nasal polyposis (NP) surgery including frontal recess clearance (FRC) and middle turbinectomy (MT), to search for predictive factors and to analyse surgical management.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of 153 patients who consecutively underwent bilateral sphenoethmoidectomy with FRC and MT for NP with a minimum follow-up of 7 years. Decision of revision surgery was made in case of medically refractory chronic frontal sinusitis or frontal mucocele.

Outcome of second kidney transplantation in patients with previous post-transplantation Kaposi's sarcoma: A French retrospective study.

This retrospective study concerned 8 patients with post-transplantation Kaposi's sarcoma (pt-KS) after a first kidney transplant who later had a second kidney transplantation. Pt-KS was widespread, with lymph node or visceral involvement in 7 cases. Complete remission was observed in 6 cases and partial remission in 2.

The oncologic burden of hepatitis C virus infection: A clinical perspective.

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with cancer. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have changed HCV treatment paradigms, but little is known about the management of HCV infection in patients with cancer. The substantial burden of HCV infection and the inconclusive evidence regarding its detection and management in patients with cancer prompted the authors to review the literature and formulate recommendations.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Macular Features After Proton Beam Radiotherapy for Small Choroidal Melanoma.

Purpose: To describe the macular features of patients treated with proton beam therapy for choroidal melanoma (CM), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Methods: This study included patients treated with proton beam radiotherapy (PBR) for a small CM.

Chronic Herpetic Retinitis: Clinical Features and Long-Term Outcomes.

Introduction: Chronic uveitis treated with immunosuppressive agents may have unfavorable outcomes due to delays in diagnosis. The aim of this study was to review initial data from clinical and ocular assessments and patient outcomes following specific treatments for atypical herpes virus ocular infections.

Methods: The records of four consecutive patients with recurrent uveitis for at least five years treated in our department between 2001 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and psychological comorbidity in eating disorder patients.

Purpose: There is some evidence that eating disorders (ED) and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share common clinical features and that ADHD might contribute to the severity of eating disorders. A greater understanding of how the presence of comorbid ADHD may affect the psychopathological framework of eating disorder seems of primary importance. The aim of our study was to evaluate rates of ADHD in three ED subgroups of inpatients: anorexia nervosa restricting type (AN-R), anorexia nervosa binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP) and bulimia nervosa (BN).

Poorly differentiated gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas: Are they really heterogeneous? Insights from the FFCD-GTE national cohort.

Background: Diagnosis and management of poorly differentiated gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) remain challenging. Recent studies suggest prognostic heterogeneity. We designed within the French Group of Endocrine Tumours a prospective cohort to gain insight in the prognostic stratification and treatment of GEP-NEC.