17,009 results match your criteria: "University Of Malaya[Affiliation]"

Automated Quality Control Solution for Radiographic Imaging of Lung Diseases.

J Clin Med

August 2024

Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1220 Vienna, Austria.

: Radiography is an essential and low-cost diagnostic method in pulmonary medicine that is used for the early detection and monitoring of lung diseases. An adequate and consistent image quality (IQ) is crucial to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective patient management. This pilot study evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)'s remote and automated quality control (QC) methodology, which has been tested in multiple imaging centers.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold potential for low-cost, high-efficiency solar energy, but their sensitivity to moisture limits practical application. Current fabrication requires controlled environments, limiting mass production. Researchers aim to develop stable PSCs with longer lifetimes under ambient conditions.

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Automated transtibial prosthesis alignment: A systematic review.

Artif Intell Med

October 2024

Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; The Chancellery, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Malaysia. Electronic address:

This comprehensive systematic review critically analyzes the current progress and challenges in automating transtibial prosthesis alignment. The manual identification of alignment changes in prostheses has been found to lack reliability, necessitating the development of automated processes. Through a rigorous systematic search across major electronic databases, this review includes the highly relevant studies out of an initial pool of 2111 records.

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Smoke-free laws (SFL) are more effective with public support. This study investigated the smoking prevalence, public perceptions of smoking rules, and support for comprehensive SFL among 1047 people who smoke (PWS) and 206 people who do not smoke (PNS) aged ≥18 in the 2020 International Tobacco Control Malaysia Survey. Smoking prevalence was highest in nighttime entertainment venues (85.

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Purpose: Early diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) is critical for best outcomes, but is challenged by overlapping clinical manifestations with other causes of obstructive jaundice in neonates. We evaluate the performance of the modified Simple BA Scoring System (SBASS) in diagnosing BA.

Methods: We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study on infants with cholestatic jaundice (June 2021-December 2022).

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This research introduces an advanced finite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) specifically tailored for three-phase grid-connected inverters, with a primary focus on the suppression of common mode voltage (CMV). CMV is known for causing a range of issues, including leakage currents, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and accelerated system degradation. The proposed control strategy employs a system model that predicts the inverter's future states, enabling the selection of optimal switching states from a finite set to achieve dual objectives: precise current control and effective CMV reduction, a meticulously designed cost function evaluates the potential switching states, balancing the accuracy of current tracking against the necessity to minimize CMV.

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Stroke: Perspectives from Asia.

Cerebrovasc Dis Extra

September 2024

Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

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Major specialized natural products from the endangered plant Heptacodium miconioides, potential medicinal uses and insights into its longstanding unresolved systematic classification.

Phytochemistry

December 2024

Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China. Electronic address:

A comprehensive phytochemical investigation of the flower buds and leaves/twigs of Heptacodium miconioides, a cultivated ornamental plant native to China and categorized as 'vulnerable', has led to the isolation of 45 structurally diverse compounds, which comprise 18 phenylpropanoids (1-4, 7-20), 11 pentacyclic triterpenoids (5, 6, 21-29), eight secoiridoid glycosides (30-37), three quinic acid derivatives (38-40), and a few miscellaneous components (41-45). Among them, (+)-α-intermedianol (1), (+)-holophyllol A (2), and (-)-pseudolarkaemin A (3) represent previously unreported enantiomeric lignans, while (+)-7'(R)-hydroxymatairesinol (4) is an undescribed naturally occurring lignan. Heptacoacids A (5) and B (6) are undescribed 24-nor-urs-28-oic acid derivatives.

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Spontaneous ruptured pyomyoma: A rare yet critical postpartum complication: A case report.

Radiol Case Rep

October 2024

Medical Department, Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Baru Air Itam, Pulau Pinang, Ayer Itam 11500, Malaysia.

Pyomyoma, a rare complication of leiomyoma, presents a unique clinical challenge due to its infrequency with potentially fatal complications. Herein, we report the case of a 44-year-old Para 3+1 woman with red degeneration of uterine fibroids during pregnancy, who experienced worsening abdominal pain and foul smelling vaginal discharge 1 week post Caesarean section. Despite hemodynamic stability, her septic markers were markedly raised.

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Background: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is a novel organic material developed by one of the authors in this study. When MCC was incorporated with conventionally available denture base resin, it demonstrated increased flexural strength and flexural modulus. However, it was speculated that because the material is organic, it can promote the growth of .

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To help the manufacturing industry achieve high-quality development, it is urgent to identify the factors that affect the development of regional manufacturing. Compared to previous regression models, this article attempts to discover the nonlinear effects of different factors on regional manufacturing industry development (RMID) and their future impact trends. Based on the theory of new structural economics, we used order parameter analysis to examine the impact of environmental pollution and technology on RMID.

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Background: S. pneumoniae (SPN) is the most common cause of pneumonia. The disease can be effectively prevented through immunisation.

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Objectives: Cancer pain is a prevalent and challenging symptom affecting a significant number of patients globally, with inadequate control remaining a substantial challenge despite advancements in pain management. Non-pharmacological interventions, including mindfulness-based approaches, have shown promise in alleviating cancer-related pain. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a single session of 20-minute mindful breathing in reducing pain among patients with cancer.

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Background: Malaysian preschool children continue to exhibit a high prevalence of dental caries and poor oral hygiene. There is a need to gain an in-depth understanding of oral hygiene habits and design suitable interventions to improve oral hygiene in early childhood.

Objective: To cross-culturally adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Malay-translated Parenting and Child Tooth Brushing Assessment questionnaire (M-PACTA).

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Organic rich sedimentary rocks of the Late Cretaceous Muwaqqar Formation from the Lajjun outcrop in the Lajjun Sub-basin, Western Central Jordan were geochemically analyzed. This study integrates kerogen microscopy of the isolated kerogen from 10 oil shale samples with a new finding from unconventional geochemical methods [i.e.

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Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021.

Metabolism

November 2024

MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for the Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:

Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex.

Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD).

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Patterns of Chemsex Substance Use and Its Association with HIV Transmission Risk Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Thailand: A Latent Class Analysis.

Arch Sex Behav

October 2024

Center of Excellence in Research on Gender, Sexuality and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.

Sexualized substance use or "chemsex" may contribute to the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Thailand. Specific patterns of chemsex use may be associated with different HIV/STI transmission risks. We examined typologies and correlates of sexualized substance use among a sample of high-risk MSM (n = 532) who had attended a private sex party or circuit party in the past three years using latent class analysis.

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Background And Aim: Multiple clinical trials have been conducted to study the potential benefits of vitamin E for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Despite available evidence, vitamin E is not widely used. This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin E on serum markers of liver inflammation, specifically serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and histology, including resolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), in adult patients with MASLD.

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Identification of Genetic Variants in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in Southeast Asia.

Mov Disord

October 2024

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is largely a sporadic disease with few reported familial cases. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in sporadic PSP in Caucasian populations have identified MAPT as the most commonly associated genetic risk locus with the strongest effect size. At present there are limited data on genetic factors associated with PSP in Asian populations.

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Article Synopsis
  • High conversion ratio dc-dc converters are crucial for renewable energy systems due to their ability to achieve high voltage gain, which is necessary for low-voltage outputs from sources like PV and fuel cells.
  • The research introduces a high step-up full-bridge resonant cascaded (FBRC) converter that utilizes a unique configuration to enhance voltage multiplication while minimizing current through active devices.
  • Laboratory tests of a prototype demonstrate exceptional efficiency at 95.8% and reduced ripples in voltage and current, indicating the converter's potential for practical use in various renewable energy applications.
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As the main form of digital trade, cross-border e-commerce plays an important role, allowing China to expand its opening-up and promote the optimal foreign trade structure. It also provides opportunities for Chinese enterprises to develop digital technology. From the perspective of the establishment of China's cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone (CBECPZ), this article uses the multi-period DID method to examine the effects of cross-border e-commerce on enterprise digital technology innovation based on listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2007 to 2020.

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The quantitative analysis of pulsed-chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) using a full model-based method is computationally challenging, as it involves dealing with varying RF values in pulsed saturation. A power equivalent continuous approximation of B power was usually applied to accelerate the analysis. In line with recent consensus recommendations from the CEST community for pulsed-CEST at 3T, particularly recommending a high RF saturation power (B = 2.

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Using nominal group technique with people who are incarcerated in Canadian federal prisons to identify barriers and solutions to improving Prison Needle Exchange Program uptake.

Int J Drug Policy

September 2024

Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Prison needle exchange programs (PNEPs) are a critical component for harm reduction in prisons. Little is known about the PNEP access barriers for people who are incarcerated, but the low uptake in the Canadian program highlights these constraints. We aimed to identify the barriers and potential solutions for increasing PNEP coverage in the nine Canadian federal prisons where they operate.

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Objective: To correlate the utility of the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) manual skills program with the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) global rating scale in evaluating operative performance.

Methods: The Asian Urological Surgery Training and Educational Group (AUSTEG) Laparoscopic Upper Tract Surgery Course implemented and validated the FLS program for its usage in laparoscopic surgical training. Delegates' basic laparoscopic skills were assessed using three different training models (peg transfer, precision cutting, and intra-corporeal suturing).

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Background: Precision Public Health (PPH) is a newly emerging field in public health medicine. The application of various types of data allows PPH to deliver more tailored interventions to a specific population within a specific timeframe. However, the application of PPH possesses several challenges and limitations that need to be addressed.

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