Phytochemical characterisation of dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of the leaves and evaluation of their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

Medicinal plants, known for their antibacterial phytocompounds and secondary metabolites, offer promising potential in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to perform a phytochemical analysis of the methanol and dichloromethane extracts obtained from leaves using GC-MS. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated through the DPPH assay.

Hypoxia-preconditioned WJ-MSC spheroid-derived exosomes delivering miR-210 for renal cell restoration in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.

Background: Recent advancements in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) technology have paved the way for innovative treatment options for various diseases. These stem cells play a crucial role in tissue regeneration and repair, releasing local anti-inflammatory and healing signals. However, challenges such as homing issues and tumorigenicity have led to exploring MSC-exosomes as a promising alternative.

Dosiomics-based detection of dose distribution variations in helical tomotherapy for prostate cancer patients: influence of treatment plan parameters.

The stability of dosiomics features (DFs) and dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters for detecting disparities in helical tomotherapy planned dose distributions was assessed. Treatment plans of 18 prostate patients were recalculated using the followings: field width (WF) (2.5 vs.

A label-free G-quadruplex aptamer/gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensor for rapid detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is the cause of bovine viral diarrhea disease, one of the most economically important livestock diseases worldwide. The majority of BVD disease control programs rely on the detection and then elimination of persistent infection (PI) cattle, as the continuing source of disease. The main purpose of this study was to design and develop an accurate G-quadruplex-based aptasensor for rapid and simple detection of BVDV-1.

Optimization of renewable energy project portfolio selection using hybrid AIS-AFS algorithm in an international case study.

In the coming decade, as restrictions on fossil fuel usage become more stringent, investment in renewable energy projects presents an increasingly appealing opportunity. Evaluating investment attractiveness involves considering both profitability and investment risk. This study proposes a multi-objective mathematical model for identifying the optimal Renewable Energy Project Portfolio (REPP), aiming to maximize net present value while minimizing investment risk.

Improvement of directivity in plasmonic nanoantennas based on structured cubic gold nanoparticles.

An array of metallic nanoparticles can diffract or concentrate the incident electromagnetic wave and behave as an antenna. In this paper, the effects of the inner sub-wavelength structure of nanoparticles are studied on the directivity of the plasmonic nanoantenna, which is coated on the output of a waveguide. Three 5*5 element configurations are analyzed: nanocubes, nanoshells, and nanoframes array.

Maternal linalool treatment protects against radiofrequency wave-induced deteriorations in adolescent rats: A behavioral and electrophysiological study.

Recent years, the rapid advancement of technology has raised concerns. We studied the effects of prenatal exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) from mobile phones and the protective effects of linalool on learning and memory, and anxiety in adolescent male and female offspring rats. Pregnant rats were divided into four groups: control, wave, wave + linalool, and linalool.

The potential preventive effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on cardiovascular risk factors through modulation of gut microbiota: A review.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a significant contributor to global morbidity and death, underscoring the importance of their prevention and treatment. The association between the development and progression of CVD and several risk factors has been extensively studied. Among these risk factors, the gut microbiota has garnered considerable attention of the scientific community during the last two decades.

The effects of an 8-week dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercise on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial with a two-month follow-up study.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder and is considered one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, resulting in adverse health, social, and economic outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects and durability of 8-week Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization (DNS) exercises on pain, functional disability, and quality of life in individuals aged 30 to 50 years with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).

Methods: This research employed a pre- and post-test design with a follow-up period, in which 29 participants (16 in the control group and 13 in the exercise group) remained until the end of the study.

An in silico investigation on the binding site preference of PD-1 and PD-L1 for designing antibodies for targeted cancer therapy.

Cancer control and treatment remain a significant challenge in cancer therapy and recently immune checkpoints has considered as a novel treatment strategy to develop anti-cancer drugs. Many cancer types use the immune checkpoints and its ligand, PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, to evade detection and destruction by the immune system, which is associated with altered effector function of PD-1 and PD-L1 overexpression on cancer cells to deactivate T cells. In recent years, mAbs have been employed to block immune checkpoints, therefore normalization of the anti-tumor response has enabled the scientists to develop novel biopharmaceuticals.

Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) in leukemia: a systematic review.

Background: Leukemia, a type of blood cell cancer, is categorized by the type of white blood cells affected (lymphocytes or myeloid cells) and disease progression (acute or chronic). In 2020, it ranked 15th among the most diagnosed cancers and 11th in cancer-related deaths globally, with 474,519 new cases and 311,594 deaths (GLOBOCAN2020). Research into leukemia's development mechanisms may lead to new treatments.

Creatine supplementation protocols with or without training interventions on body composition: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the robust evidence demonstrating positive effects from creatine supplementation (primarily when associated with resistance training) on measures of body composition, there is a lack of a comprehensive evaluation regarding the influence of creatine protocol parameters (including dose and form) on body mass and estimates of fat-free and fat mass.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of creatine supplementation on body composition were included. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to July 2023.

Screw Stimulation Thresholds for Neuromonitoring in Minimally Invasive Oblique Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (OLLIF): A Correlational Study.

Introduction: This study presents findings from an investigation into the correlation of neuromonitoring techniques in minimally invasive lumbar fusions and their open counterparts regarding acceptable thresholds for screw stimulation. The threshold for acceptable stimulation value for open surgery has been established. The study compared acceptable thresholds for open pedicle screws where there is more connection between the screw and the soft tissue.

Isolation of lytic bacteriophages and their relationships with the adherence genes of Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce a lytic bacteriophage against Staphylococcus saprophyticus from wastewater in Gorgan, northern Iran.

Results: The vB_SsapS-46 phage was isolated from urban wastewater and formed round and clear plaques on bacterial culture. It was visualized by electron microscopy and had a large head (approximately 106 nm) and a long tail (approximately 150 nm), indicating that it belongs to the Siphoviridae family.

Bioinformatics comparison of hemolysin in different bacteria and experimental evaluation of anti-cancer properties of extracts of some hemolysin-producing bacteria.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world. Resistance to anticancer treatments in patients with advanced solid tumors leads to new treatments. Therefore, more alternative anticancer methods have been found over time with greater specificity against tumor cells and with less or no adverse effects on normal cells.

Long Noncoding RNAs CAT2064 and CAT2042 may Function as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer by Affecting Target MicrorRNAs.

Unlabelled: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men throughout the world, and the main cause of cancer death. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as crucial regulators in many human cancers. In this research, we measured the expression level of novel lncRNAs and their associated micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in PCa.

Unraveling the molecular landscape of osteoarthritis: A comprehensive review focused on the role of non-coding RNAs.

Osteoarthritis (OA) poses a significant global health challenge, with its prevalence anticipated to increase in the coming years. This review delves into the emerging molecular biomarkers in OA pathology, focusing on the roles of various molecules such as metabolites, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Advances in omics technologies have transformed biomarker identification, enabling comprehensive analyses of the complex pathways involved in OA pathogenesis.

Co-production of high-concentration fermentable sugar and lignin-based bio-adhesive from corncob residue via an enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis.

Xylose plants (produce xylose from corncob through dilute acid treatment) generate a large amount of corncob residue (CCR), most of which are burned and lacked of valorization. Herein, to address this issue, CCR was directly used as starting material for high-solid loading enzymatic hydrolysis via a simple strategy by combining PFI homogenization (for sufficient mixing) with batch-feeding. A maximum glucose concentration of 187.

A Multipronged Bioengineering, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Approach in Unravelling the Excited-State Dynamics of the Archetype Mycosporine Amino Acid.

Mycosporine glycine (MyG) was produced by the fermentation of a purposely engineered bacterial strain and isolated from this sustainable source. The ultrafast spectroscopy of MyG was then investigated in its native, zwitterionic form (MyG), via femtosecond transient electronic absorption spectroscopy. Complementary nonadiabatic (NAD) simulations suggest that, upon photoexcitation to the lowest excited singlet state (S), MyG undergoes efficient nonradiative decay to repopulate the electronic ground state (S).

Enhancing the wound healing process through local injection of exosomes derived from blood serum: An and assessment.

Introduction: The skin plays a crucial role as a protective barrier against external factors, but disruptions to its integrity can lead to wound formation and hinder the natural healing process. Scar formation and delayed wound healing present significant challenges in skin injury treatment. While alternative approaches such as skin substitutes and tissue engineering exist, they are often limited in accessibility and cost.

Joint Brain Tumor Segmentation from Multi-magnetic Resonance Sequences through a Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

Background: Brain tumor segmentation is highly contributive in diagnosing and treatment planning. Manual brain tumor delineation is a time-consuming and tedious task and varies depending on the radiologist's skill. Automated brain tumor segmentation is of high importance and does not depend on either inter- or intra-observation.

Plant Decellularization by Chemical and Physical Methods for Regenerative Medicine: A Review Article.

Fabricating three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is attractive due to various advantages for tissue engineering, such as cell migration, proliferation, and adhesion. Since cell growth depends on transmitting nutrients and cell residues, naturally vascularized scaffolds are superior for tissue engineering. Vascular passages help the inflow and outflow of liquids, nutrients, and waste disposal from the scaffold and cell growth.

A Persian validation of the burnout assessment tool.

Background: Burnout is an increasing public health concern. Its prevalence has extended across diverse professions globally, posing significant challenges to individuals, organizations, and society. This phenomenon has undermined employee well-being, productivity, and organizational effectiveness, making it a critical concern in contemporary work environments.

Unveiling the key role of metal coordination mode and ligand's side groups on the performance of deep-red light-emitting electrochemical cell.

Three novel deep-red to near-infrared (DR to NIR) emitters based on mononuclear and dinuclear ruthenium(II) complexes with bulky structures were presented herein. For the first time, the unusual effects of metal coordination mode on the electroluminescence properties of a binuclear emitter were investigated. Unexpectedly, the mononuclear complexes showed superior performance in deep-red light-emitting electrochemical cells (DR-LEC) compared to the dinuclear complex.

A pH-dependent and charge selective covalent organic framework for removal of dyes from aqueous solutions.

A novel imine-linked COF is synthesized by the condensation of 2,4,6-tris(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxyisophthalaldehyde (HMIPA) under solvothermal conditions. This COF adsorbs preferentially the neutral dye Neutral Red (NR) over the positively charged dye Methylene Blue (MB) at pH 7, and the negatively charged Methyl Orange (MO) over the positively charged Methylene Blue (MB) at pH 3. The maximum adsorption capacities (q) obtained within very short times (11-60 min) under optimized conditions were 108, 185 and 429 mg.