New theoretical insights on the nonradiative relaxation mechanism of the core structure of mycosporines: The amino-cyclohexenone central template.

We present a comprehensive computational study describing the excited state dynamics and consequent photostability of amino-cyclohexenone (ACyO), the central template of mycosporine systems, widely recognized for their photoprotection of aquatic species. Photoexcitation to the first excited electronic state (S1, 1nπ*) of ACyO is considered an optically dark transition, while photoexcitation to the second excited electronic state (S21ππ*) is an optically bright 1ππ* transition and largely responsible for UV absorption properties of this molecule. We show that following initial photoexcitation to S2, ACyO relaxes via two competing deactivation mechanisms, each mediated by an S1/S0 conical intersection, which directs the excited state population to the electronic ground state (S0).

Unveiling Potential Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection: An Integrated Bioinformatics Approach.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a widespread health concern with high recurrence rates and substantial economic impact, and they can increase the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. This study employed an integrated bioinformatics approach to identify key genes associated with UTI development, offering potential targets for interventions.

Materials And Methods: For this study, the microarray dataset GSE124917 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was selected and reanalyzed.

Electricity distribution networks resilience in area exposed to salt dust: Fragility curve modeling of insulators, Monte Carlo-based resilience assessment, and enhancement measures.

Resilience of the power system against natural disasters is a vital need for sustainable energy supply. As a result of global warming, lakes and rivers have dried out, resulting in dust hubs that threaten the normal operation of outdoor power system equipment. Unlike other events like hurricanes and blizzards, the impact of extreme salt dust on power system insulator failures and network resilience in affected areas remains unexamined.

Phytochemical profiling and antibacterial activities of root extracts: a molecular docking against VanA of vancomycin-resistant enterococci.

Medicinal plants, renowned for their antibacterial phytocompounds and secondary metabolites, hold significant promise in addressing antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. This study aimed to conduct phytochemical profiling of the methanolic and dichloromethane extracts of root using the GC-MS technique. These extracts' antioxidant potential was assessed via DPPH assay and their antibacterial activity was evaluated against , , and VRE bacterial strains.

Recovering plant-associated arthropod communities by eDNA metabarcoding historical herbarium specimens.

Natural history collections are a priceless resource for understanding patterns and processes of biodiversity change in the Anthropocene. Herbaria, which house millions of historical plant records from all over the globe, are particularly valuable to study population genetics of the plants themselves and to understand the assembly of plant-associated microbial communities. Here we test if herbaria can serve yet another essential purpose, namely to provide information on the historical assembly of plant-arthropod interactions.

Decision making in human resource management: a systematic review of the applications of analytic hierarchy process.

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and Analytic Network Process (ANP) methods are widely used for decision-making across various fields, and have shown success in numerous applications within human resource management (HRM). The purpose of this study is to present a systematic literature review on the applications of AHP, FAHP, and ANP in human resource management. The search process encompassed two main online databases, Scopus and Web of Science.

Pressure algometry in the general adult population: Age and sex differences.

Experimental pain studies have revealed inter-individual variations in pain perception that are influenced by age, sex, and country of origin. This study aimed to explore the age and sex differences in pressure pain thresholds within the Iranian general population. To assess the pressure pain thresholds, a handheld pressure algometer was applied bilaterally to the middle fingers of both hands.

A new attention-based CNN_GRU model for spatial-temporal PM prediction.

Accurately predicting the spatial-temporal distribution of PM is challenging due to missing data and selecting an appropriate modeling method. Effective imputation of missing data must consider the relationships between variables while preserving their inherent variability and uncertainty. In this study, we employed machine learning techniques to impute missing data by analyzing the relationships between meteorological variables and other pollutants.

Forty-seven years of Iranian cardiovascular disease scientific publication: A bibliometric and altmetric analysis.

Background: The present study was conducted to investigate the scientific contributions of Iranians in the field of cardiovascular research, as indexed in the Scopus database, using bibliometric and altmetric methods.

Methods: This applied study was conducted with a scientometric approach, utilizing bibliometric and altmetric indicators. The research population consisted of the scientific works of Iranian researchers in the field of cardiovascular diseases, indexed in the Scopus database over a period of 47 years.

Wing vein abnormality analysis in honeybee (Apis mellifera L. 1758) populations from Iran.

The insect wing is one of the most important characteristics that allowed insects to occupy most of the habitats on the planet. Honeybee wings has been the subject of studies on the venation abnormalities. A total of 424 honeybees from 14 locations were collected and all four wings were removed and examined for 19 abnormalities on the forewings and 6 abnormalities on the hindwings.

In Silico and In vitro Evaluations of the Antibacterial Activities of HIV-1 Nef Peptides against .

One of the burning issues facing healthcare organizations is multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria.  is an MDR opportunistic bacterium responsible for nosocomial and fatal infections in immunosuppressed individuals. According to previous studies, efflux pump activity and biofilm formation are the most common resistance mechanisms in .

Co-occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in various environmental matrices of a chronic petroleum polluted region in Iran; Pollution characterization, and assessment of ecological and human health risks.

Oil spills from pipeline accidents can result in long-lasting health effect in the people living in a ‎polluted region‎. In this study, the level of the 16 US EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs‎) and heavy metals (HMs) have been ‎analyzed in environmental matrices of a region with frequent oil ‎pipeline accidents in Iran‎.‎ The results showed that the mean ‎concentration of ΣPAHs and ΣHMs decreased from the upstream to the downstream and also the levels were ‎higher in the wet season than those in the dry season.

Polydopamine-functionalized polyethersulfone membrane: A paradigm advancement in the field of α-amylase stability and immobilization.

Biocatalytic membranes have great potential in various industrial sectors, with the immobilization of enzymes being a crucial stage. Immobilizing enzymes through covalent bonds is a complex and time-consuming process for large-scale applications. Polydopamine (PDA) offers a more sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for enzyme immobilization.

Biodiesel production through transesterification of waste Pistacia- Terebinthus Oil by pharmaceutical waste as a heterogeneous catalyst: A sustainable solution for reducing external costs.

A catalyst from the pharmaceutical waste of calcium and magnesium tablets was synthesized for biodiesel production from waste Pistacia-Terebinthus (PT) oil with the aim of creating added value and presenting a new approach for the management of such wastes. For this purpose, magnesium and calcium tablet wastes with a mass ratio of 70:30 (wt%) were calcined. The catalyst was investigated by several methods, such as thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and CHNS/O elemental analysis.

The Effect of 12 Weeks of Rebound Therapy Exercise Training on Walking Ability of Spinal Cord Injury Patients.

Background: Walking ability is a crucial factor for recovery and rehabilitation of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of rebound therapy on walking parameters in SCI patients.

Methods: Thirty members of Isfahan Spinal Cord Injury Association participated in this experimental study using a convenience sampling method.

Hop distance to body height ratio outperforms limb symmetry index in predicting second anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Purpose: The ability of current return-to-sport (RTS) tests to predict second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (ACLI) in athletes with a history of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is unclear. This study aimed to prospectively assess the risk of a second ACLI by identifying the most significant deviation in hop test results in professional athletes after ACLR compared to healthy peers.

Methods: A total of 30 professional athletes with a history of ACLR and 30 healthy professional athletes participated in this study.

Catalyst-Free Transformation of Carbon Dioxide to Small Organic Compounds in Water Microdroplets Nebulized by Different Gases.

A straightforward nebulized spray system is designed to explore the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO) within water microdroplets surrounded by different gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen, and compressed air. The collected droplets are analyzed using water-suppressed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Formate anion (HCOO), acetate anion (CHCOO), ethylene glycol (HOCHCHOH), and methane (CH) are detected when water is nebulized.

How international conflicts and global crises can intertwine and affect the sources and levels of air pollution in urban areas.

This paper analyses the intertwined impacts of the 2018 US sanctions on Iran and the COVID-19 pandemic (as examples of unplanned international conflicts and global crises) on the source and extent of air pollution in Tehran, the capital of Iran. The impacts are parametrized using the levels of criteria air pollutants (CAP) for 5 years (2015-2020), which were previously deweathered using the promising machine learning technique of Random Forest (RF). The absolute principal component scores-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) method and the bivariate polar plot (BPP) technique are used here to analyze the source apportionment profile of the city for the business as usual (BAU; 2015 to 2018), sanctions (2019), and COVID-19 and sanctions (2020) intervals.

Determining expression changes of ANO7 and SLC38A4 membrane transporters in colorectal cancer.

Membrane transporters are proteins responsible for facilitating the movement of molecules within biological membranes. They play a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating the transport of nutrients, ions, and other molecules into and out of cells. Our aim is to identify biomarkers in colorectal cancer using membrane transporter proteins.

Exploring vertebral bone density changes in a trunk with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a mechanobiological modeling investigation of intact and unilaterally paralyzed muscles.

This study aimed to elucidate the vertebral bone density variations associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), specifically examining the impact of unilateral muscle paralysis using an integrated approach combining Frost's Mechanostat theory, a three-dimensional subject-specific finite element model and a musculoskeletal model of the L2 vertebra. The findings revealed a spectrum of bone density values ranging from 0.29 to 0.

Polygenic hazard score predicts synaptic and axonal degeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Background: Growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and neurofilaments light (NFL) are biomarkers of synaptic and axonal injury, and are associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) contiuum. We investigated whether Polygenic Hazard Score (PHS) is associated with specific biomarkers and cognitive measures, and if it can predict the relationship between GAP-43, NFL, and cognitive decline in AD.

Method: We enrolled 646 subjects: 93 with AD, 350 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 203 cognitively normal controls.

The effects of probiotic supplementation and exercise training on liver enzymes and cardiometabolic markers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver ailment worldwide, in which nonpharmacological strategies have a considerable role in the treatment. Probiotic supplementation as well as physical exercise can improve cardiometabolic parameters, but further research is needed to determine the effects of combined treatment versus exercise alone in managing NAFLD-associated biomarkers, primarily liver enzymes, lipid markers, and insulin resistance.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation, combined with exercise versus exercise alone, on liver enzymes and cardiometabolic markers in patients with NAFLD.

Machine and deep learning algorithms for classifying different types of dementia: A literature review.

The cognitive impairment known as dementia affects millions of individuals throughout the globe. The use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms has shown great promise as a means of early identification and treatment of dementia. Dementias such as Alzheimer's Dementia, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia, and vascular dementia are all discussed in this article, along with a literature review on using ML algorithms in their diagnosis.