Acute high-intensity exercise and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory function: role of metabolic perturbation.

Recently it was documented that fatiguing, high-intensity exercise resulted in a significant attenuation in maximal skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity, potentially due to the intramuscular metabolic perturbation elicited by such intense exercise. With the utilization of intrathecal fentanyl to attenuate afferent feedback from group III/IV muscle afferents, permitting increased muscle activation and greater intramuscular metabolic disturbance, this study aimed to better elucidate the role of metabolic perturbation on mitochondrial respiratory function. Eight young, healthy males performed high-intensity cycle exercise in control (CTRL) and fentanyl-treated (FENT) conditions.

Impact of smoking on femorotibial and hip osteoarthritis progression: 3-year follow-up data from the KHOALA cohort.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and structural impact of smoking on knee and hip osteoarthritis at baseline and after 3years.

Methods: Observational data on the progressive effects of smoking at baseline and after 3years were collected from The Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis Long-Term Assessment cohort comprising a French population of patients aged 40-75years with symptomatic lower limb osteoarthritis. Clinical (the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index and Harris scores) and structural (radiography for osteophyte detection and joint-space narrowing assessment) were conducted.

Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,6-Cyclohexenylalkyne: An Efficient Entry to Bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene and Bicyclo[3.3.1]nonadiene.

An efficient and mild synthetic route for the preparation of functionalized bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-ene and bicyclo[3.

Diversity and bioactivity of fungi associated with the marine sea cucumber Holothuria poli: disclosing the strains potential for biomedical applications.

Aims: Identification of the mycobiota associated to the marine echinoderm Holothuria poli and investigation of cytotoxic and pro-osteogenic potential of isolated strains.

Methods And Results: Fungal strains were isolated from the animal's body-wall, intestine and faeces. The species identification was based on DNA barcoding and morphophysiological observations.

Improving I Radioiodine Therapy By Hybrid Polymer-Grafted Gold Nanoparticles.

Background: Human trials combining external radiotherapy (RT) and metallic nanoparticles are currently underway in cancer patients. For internal RT, in which a radioisotope such as radioiodine is systemically administered into patients, there is also a need for enhancing treatment efficacy, decreasing radiation-induced side effects and overcoming radio-resistance. However, if strategies vectorising radioiodine through nanocarriers have been documented, sensitizing the neoplasm through the use of nanotherapeutics easily translatable to the clinic in combination with the standard systemic radioiodine treatment has not been assessed yet.

Oral Tolerance Induction to Newly Introduced Allergen is Favored by a Transforming Growth Factor-β-Enriched Formula.

Food allergies have become a major healthcare concern, hence preventive efforts to ensure oral tolerance induction to newly introduced antigens are particularly relevant. Given that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a key role in immune tolerance, we tested whether an infant formula enriched with TGF-β would improve oral tolerance induction. A partially hydrolyzed whey protein-based formula was enriched with cow's-milk-derived TGF-β (TGF-β-enriched formula) by adding a specific whey protein isolate (WPI).

Urinary ketone body loss leads to degeneration of brain white matter in elderly SLC5A8-deficient mice.

SLC5A8 is a sodium-coupled monocarboxylate and ketone transporter expressed in various epithelial cells. A putative role of SLC5A8 in neuroenergetics has been also hypothesized. To clarify this issue, we studied the cerebral phenotype of SLC5A8-deficient mice during aging.

Suberin/Cinnamaldehyde Oil Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial Activity and Anticancer Properties When Loaded with Paclitaxel.

Suberin is a biopolyester that can be extracted from bioresources such as cork trees and may find many applications in food packaging, sealing, and biomedical fields. In this work, we describe for the first time the preparation of suberin nanoparticles using the solvent/antisolvent method. Three different suberin extraction methods from cork trees were used to reveal any differences in the production and properties of the nanoparticles.

Strain CNCM I-745 Modifies the Mononuclear Phagocytes Response in the Small Intestine of Mice Following Typhimurium Infection.

Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) comprise dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mφs) that play different roles in response to infection. After phagocytosis, DCs expressing CD103 transport from the intestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and induce adaptive immune responses whereas resident Mφs expressing CX3CR1 capture bacteria in the lumen and reside in the (LP) where they induce a local immune response. CX3CR1 Mφs are generated from Ly6C monocytes that enter the colonic mucosa and differentiate locally.

Neurymenolide A, a Novel Mitotic Spindle Poison from the New Caledonian Rhodophyta .

The marine α-pyrone macrolide neurymenolide A was previously isolated from the Fijian red macroalga, , and characterized as an antibacterial agent against antibiotic-resistant strains that also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity in vitro against cancer cell lines. This compound was also shown to exhibit allelopathic effects on Scleractinian corals. However, to date no mechanism of action has been described in the literature.

A meta-analysis of outcomes of in-situ reconstruction after total or partial removal of infected abdominal aortic graft.

Introduction: There is currently a lack of evidence for the relative effectiveness of partial resection (PR) and total resection (TR) before managing abdominal aortic graft infection (AGI). Most authorities agree that TR is mandatory for intracavitary AGI in patients with favorable conditions but there is an increasing number of patients with severe comorbidities for whom this approach is not suitable, resulting in a prohibitive mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate indication for TR or PR.

Correction: Proteomic screening identifies the zonula occludens protein ZO-1 as a new partner for ADAM12 in invadopodia-like structures.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25106.

High-voltage electrostatic field-induced oxidative stress: Characterization of the physiological effects in Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) across multiple generations.

In recent decades, man-made electric fields have greatly increased the intensity of electrostatic fields that are pervasively present in the environment. To better understand the physiological alterations exhibited by herbivorous insects in response to changing electric environments, we determined the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes and the metabolic rate of Sitobion avenae Fabricius (Hemiptera: Aphididae) over multiple generations in response to direct and host-seed exposure to a high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) of varying strength for different durations. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, 20-min direct exposure of S.

A Novel Reliable and Efficient Procedure for Purification of Mature Osteoclasts Allowing Functional Assays in Mouse Cells.

Osteoclasts (OCLs) are multinucleated phagocytes of monocytic origin responsible for physiological and pathological bone resorption including aging processes, chronic inflammation and cancer. Besides bone resorption, they are also involved in the modulation of immune responses and the regulation of hematopoietic niches. Accordingly, OCLs are the subject of an increasing number of studies.

A204E mutation in Na1.4 DIS3 exerts gain- and loss-of-function effects that lead to periodic paralysis combining hyper- with hypo-kalaemic signs.

Periodic paralyses (PP) are characterized by episodic muscle weakness and are classified into the distinct hyperkalaemic (hyperPP) and hypokalaemic (hypoPP) forms. The dominantly-inherited form of hyperPP is caused by overactivity of Na1.4 - the skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel.

Thoracic Air-Leak Syndrome Complicating Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation.

We report a case of thoracic air-leak syndrome, an extremely rare complication developed after an episode of organizing pneumonia due to graft-vs-host disease in a 19-year-old male. This unusual non-infectious pulmonary complication occurred 527 days after allogeneic HSCT and led to the patient's death within 1 month due to cardio-respiratory failure. Herein, we highlight chest-imaging aspects which are typical.

A Drosophila Tumor Suppressor Gene Prevents Tonic TNF Signaling through Receptor N-Glycosylation.

Drosophila tumor suppressor genes have revealed molecular pathways that control tissue growth, but mechanisms that regulate mitogenic signaling are far from understood. Here we report that the Drosophila TSG tumorous imaginal discs (tid), whose phenotypes were previously attributed to mutations in a DnaJ-like chaperone, are in fact driven by the loss of the N-linked glycosylation pathway component ALG3. tid/alg3 imaginal discs display tissue growth and architecture defects that share characteristics of both neoplastic and hyperplastic mutants.

Proteomic screening identifies the zonula occludens protein ZO-1 as a new partner for ADAM12 in invadopodia-like structures.

The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process for cancer cell invasion and migration. This complex program whereby epithelial tumor cells loose polarity and acquire mesenchymal phenotype is driven by the regulation of cell-cell adhesion and cell-substrate interactions. We recently described the association of ADAM12 with EMT and we now use immunoprecipitation and proteomic approaches to identify interacting partners for ADAM12 during EMT.

Effectiveness of Resin-Based Sealants with and without Fluoride Placed in a High Caries Risk Population: Multicentric 2-Year Randomized Clinical Trial.

A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was carried out to assess the effectiveness of sealants in preventing carious ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) 3-6 lesions within a 2-year follow-up. We evaluated the effectiveness of 2 types of resin-based sealants, with and without fluoride, their retention rates, and the caries risk factors related to their outcomes. The study included 663 tooth pairs in 400 children (aged 5-15 years) considered to be at high individual caries risk (ICR) and presenting permanent molars free of caries or affected by ICDAS 1-2 lesions.

Chronic spontaneous urticaria in children - a systematic review on interventions and comorbidities.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is not frequent in children. Management guidelines have been developed for adults and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included teenagers aged 12-18, but data for children under age 12 are limited. We performed a systematic review to assess comorbidities in children <12 years old with CSU and the efficacy and safety of treatments.

Substitutions of the S4DIV R2 residue (R1451) in Na1.4 lead to complex forms of paramyotonia congenita and periodic paralyses.

Mutations in Na1.4, the skeletal muscle voltage-gated Na channel, underlie several skeletal muscle channelopathies. We report here the functional characterization of two substitutions targeting the R1451 residue and resulting in 3 distinct clinical phenotypes.

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Controls Mature Brown Adipocyte Inducibility through Glycerol Kinase.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been suggested as the master regulators of adipose tissue formation. However, their role in regulating brown fat functionality has not been resolved. To address this question, we generated mice with inducible brown fat-specific deletions of PPARα, β/δ, and γ, respectively.

Flagellin increases death receptor-mediated cell death in a RIP1-dependent manner.

Efficient adjuvants have the potential to trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses simultaneously. Flagellin is a unique pathogen-derived protein, which is recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) as well as by B-cell and T cell receptors thus providing an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. The aforementioned properties define flagellin as an optimal adjuvant.