Shock Index Predicts Patient-Related Clinical Outcomes in Stroke.

Background The prognostic value of shock index ( SI ), heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure, in stroke for clinical outcomes other than mortality is not well understood. Methods and Results We examined the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke ( GWTG -Stroke) data to explore the usefulness of SI in predicting in-hospital outcomes in 425 808 acute stroke cases (mean age: 71.0±14.

Rapamycin rescues BMP mediated midline craniosynostosis phenotype through reduction of mTOR signaling in a mouse model.

Craniosynostosis is defined as congenital premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. While the genetic basis for about 30% of cases is known, the causative genes for the diverse presentations of the remainder of cases are unknown. The recently discovered cranial suture stem cell population affords an opportunity to identify early signaling pathways that contribute to craniosynostosis.

Epidemiological trends and risk factors associated with dengue disease in Pakistan (1980-2014): a systematic literature search and analysis.

Background: Dengue is becoming more common in Pakistan with its alarming spreading rate. A historical review needs to be carried out to find the root causes of dengue dynamics, the factors responsible for its spread and lastly to formulate future strategies for its control.

Methods: We searched (January, 2015) all the published literature between 1980 and 2014 to determine spread/burden of dengue disease in Pakistan.

MiR-320a-3p/ELF3 axis regulates cell metastasis and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer via PI3K/Akt pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-320a-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expressions of miR-320a-3p were firstly determined in 80 NSCLC patients' cancer tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues by qRT-PCR.

Valproic Acid Inhibits Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial (hRPE) Cell Proliferation Via a P38 MAPK Signaling Mechanism.

Valproic acid (VPA) has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth and has therapeutic use in retinal diseases. However, the mechanism of this action remains unclear. In order to explore this mechanism, primary human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cell cultures were established.

The changing epidemiological pattern of Dengue in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Background: Pakistan is suffering from dengue fever since 1994. In the country, major dengue outbreaks have been documented in 2010, 2011 and 2013 in Punjab (Lahore) and Sindh (Karachi) Provinces. District Swat was hit for the first time by dengue virus in 2013, claiming 57 deaths and 8000 morbidities.

Marijuana Use Associations with Pulmonary Symptoms and Function in Tobacco Smokers Enrolled in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS).

Marijuana is often smoked via a filterless cigarette and contains similar chemical makeup as smoked tobacco. There are few publications describing usage patterns and respiratory risks in older adults or in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A cross-sectional analysis of current and former tobacco smokers from the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS) study assessed associations between marijuana use and pulmonary outcomes.

Establishment of a medium-scale mosquito facility: tests on mass production cages for Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Background: Mass egg production is an important component of Aedes albopictus mosquito control programs, such as the sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique, which requires the releases of large number of sterile males. Developing standard operating procedures and optimized cages for adult maintenance of Ae. albopictus can improve the mass rearing efficiency.

Establishment of a medium-scale mosquito facility: optimization of the larval mass-rearing unit for Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

Background: Standardized larval rearing units for mosquito production are essential for the establishment of a mass-rearing facility. Two larval rearing units, developed respectively by the Guangzhou Wolbaki Biotech Co. Ltd.

The bacterium Wolbachia exploits host innate immunity to establish a symbiotic relationship with the dengue vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.

A host's immune system plays a central role in shaping the composition of the microbiota and, in return, resident microbes influence immune responses. Symbiotic associations of the maternally transmitted bacterium Wolbachia occur with a wide range of arthropods. It is, however, absent from the dengue and Zika vector mosquito Aedes aegypti in nature.

Genome-wide SNPs reveal the drivers of gene flow in an urban population of the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus.

Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive disease vector with an expanding worldwide distribution. Genetic assays using low to medium resolution markers have found little evidence of spatial genetic structure even at broad geographic scales, suggesting frequent passive movement along human transportation networks. Here we analysed genetic structure of Aedes albopictus collected from 12 sample sites in Guangzhou, China, using thousands of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

The Maternally Inheritable AlbB Induces Refractoriness to in .

The endosymbiont AlbB induces refractoriness to in , the primary mosquito vector of human malaria in the Middle East and South Asia. However, it remains unknown whether such refractoriness can be extended to other malaria species. In particular, it was reported that under very specific conditions, AlbB can enhance infection in some hosts.

Gut symbiont enhances insecticide resistance in a significant pest, the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel).

Background: Symbiotic bacteria affect insect physiology and ecology. They may also mediate insecticide resistance within their hosts and thereby impact pest and vector control practices. Here, we document a novel mechanism of insecticide resistance in which a gut symbiont of the tephritid pest fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis enhances resistance to the organophosphate insecticide trichlorphon.

The Resistome of Farmed Fish Feces Contributes to the Enrichment of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Sediments below Baltic Sea Fish Farms.

Our previous studies showed that particular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were enriched locally in sediments below fish farms in the Northern Baltic Sea, Finland, even when the selection pressure from antibiotics was negligible. We assumed that a constant influx of farmed fish feces could be the plausible source of the ARGs enriched in the farm sediments. In the present study, we analyzed the composition of the antibiotic resistome from the intestinal contents of 20 fish from the Baltic Sea farms.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) Leaves to Long Photoperiod Condition.

Maize (Zea mays L.), an important industrial material and food source, shows an astonishing environmental adaptation. A remarkable feature of its post-domestication adaptation from tropical to temperate environments is adaptation to a long photoperiod (LP).

Combining the Sterile Insect Technique with the Incompatible Insect Technique: III-Robust Mating Competitiveness of Irradiated Triple Wolbachia-Infected Aedes albopictus Males under Semi-Field Conditions.

Combination of the sterile insect technique with the incompatible insect technique is considered to be a safe approach to control Aedes albopictus populations in the absence of an accurate and scalable sex separation system or genetic sexing strain. Our previous study has shown that the triple Wolbachia-infected Ae. albopictus strain (wAlbA, wAlbB and wPip) was suitable for mass rearing and females could be completely sterilized as pupae with a radiation dose of at least 28 Gy.

Worker-to-Worker Violence in Hospitals: Perpetrator Characteristics and Common Dyads.

Worker-to-worker (Type III) violence is prevalent in health care settings and has potential adverse consequences for employees and organizations. Little research has examined perpetrator characteristics of this type of violence. The current study is a descriptive examination of the common demographic and work-related characteristics of perpetrators of Type III workplace violence among hospital workers.

Combining the Sterile Insect Technique with Wolbachia-Based Approaches: II--A Safer Approach to Aedes albopictus Population Suppression Programmes, Designed to Minimize the Consequences of Inadvertent Female Release.

Due to the absence of a perfect method for mosquito sex separation, the combination of the sterile insect technique and the incompatible insect technique is now being considered as a potentially effective method to control Aedes albopictus. In this present study first we examine the minimum pupal irradiation dose required to induce complete sterility in Wolbachia triple-infected (HC), double-infected (GUA) and uninfected (GT) female Ae. albopictus.

Combining the sterile insect technique with the incompatible insect technique: I-impact of wolbachia infection on the fitness of triple- and double-infected strains of Aedes albopictus.

The mosquito species Aedes albopictus is a major vector of the human diseases dengue and chikungunya. Due to the lack of efficient and sustainable methods to control this mosquito species, there is an increasing interest in developing and applying the sterile insect technique (SIT) and the incompatible insect technique (IIT), separately or in combination, as population suppression approaches. Ae.

MO-D-217BCD-01: Personalizing Medicine: Adapting to the Individual.

Unlabelled: Personalizing medicine through patient-specific adaptation is quickly moving from retrospective research to clinical implementation. The commercial availability of clinical tools, including auto-segmentation, deformable registration, and dose accumulation, is enabling these techniques to be utilized more efficiently. Understanding the importance, rationale, and consequences of anatomical and physiological based adaptation is paramount for the safe implementation of these techniques.

MO-D-BRA-01: Limits of Dose Reduction in CT: Where are They and How Will We Know When We Get There?

Unlabelled: Radiation Dose continues to be a concern with respect to all diagnostic imaging using ionizing radiation, but especially so with CT imaging. We have always known how to reduce radiation dose in CT - for example, simply turning down the system output (e.g.

SU-E-T-183: Managing and Assessing Patients Receiving Radiotherapy with Implantable Cardiac Devices.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of the management of patients with cardiac electronic implantable devices (CEIDS) receiving radiotherapy.

Method And Materials: In 2005, a formal communication process was established between Radiation Oncology and Cardiac Electrophysiology (EP) for the management of patients with permanent, implantable cardiac devices receiving radiotherapy. The process requires a pre-treatment consult with EP.

SU-E-J-61: Multi-Criteria Optimization for IGRT Decision Processes.

Purpose: To develop a multi-criteria optimization framework for image guided radiotherapy decision processes.

Methods: An algorithm is proposed for a multi-criteria framework for the purpose of patient setup verification decision processes. Optimal patient setup shifts and rotations are not always straightforward, particularly for deformable or moving targets of the spine, abdomen, thorax, breast, head and neck and limbs that change as a Result of treatment.