Workplace violence against doctors in China: A case analysis of the Civil Aviation General Hospital incident.

Background: Violence against health professionals is a global public health problem. In 2019, a doctor was killed in Civil Aviation General Hospital (CAGH), which triggered national discussion about hospital violence. Sina Weibo, the Chinese version of Twitter, played an important role in this public discussion.

Exploring the adult sexual wellbeing and behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Implemented social distancing measures may have forestalled the spread of COVID-19, yet they suppressed the natural human need for contact. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult sexual wellbeing and sexual behavior. An extensive search in Pubmed, Scopus, and PsycInfo databases based on PRISMA guidelines was conducted.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Mental Health Outcomes among Greek Adults in 2021: Preliminary Evidence.

Existing research on the association between COVID-19 vaccination and quantitatively measured mental health outcomes is scarce. We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey on a random sample of 1039 adult Greek citizens in June 2021. Among the participants, 39.

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation Enhances Adenosine Receptor Activation and the CREB1/YAP1/c-Myc Axis to Alleviate Depressive-like Behaviors in Rats.

As neuromodulators, adenosine and its receptors are mediators of sleep-wake regulation. A putative correlation between CREB1 and depression has been predicted in our bioinformatics analyses, and its expression was also predicted to be upregulated in response to sleep deprivation. Therefore, this study aims to elaborate the A1 and A2A adenosine receptors and CREB1-associated mechanism underlying the antidepressant effect of rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REMSD) in rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive-like behaviors.

The underestimation of sleep duration phenotype is associated with better treatment response to cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia in patients with chronic insomnia: a preliminary study.

Study Objectives: To examine treatment response to cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in patients with chronic insomnia with and without underestimation of sleep duration.

Methods: We studied 41 patients with chronic insomnia who had received 5-week CBT-I. Self-reported and objective sleep were assessed with sleep diary and actigraphy, respectively.

Remote neuropsychological evaluation of older adults.

The use of technological means in the process of neuropsychological assessment has been proposed as a technique with promising results in the field of detection of neurocognitive disorders for community-dwelling older adults. Especially during the pandemic period due to COVID-19, telemedicine assumed to be vital in the field of early diagnosis of cognitive disorders and highlighted the clinical utility of remote methods of neuropsychological assessmentby video-conference. This descriptive study presents the development of a remote neuropsychological assessment protocol by selecting appropriate validated tests as part of a more comprehensive evaluation for older adults dwelling in the community.

Paradoxical Reasoning: An fMRI Study.

Paradoxes are a special form of reasoning leading to absurd inferences in contrast to logical reasoning that is used to reach valid conclusions. A functional MRI (fMRI) study was conducted to investigate the neural substrates of paradoxical and deductive reasoning. Twenty-four healthy participants were scanned using fMRI, while they engaged in reasoning tasks based on arguments, which were either Zeno's like paradoxes (paradoxical reasoning) or Aristotelian arguments (deductive reasoning).

Effectiveness of a Community-Based Crisis Resolution Team for Patients with Severe Mental Illness in Greece: A Prospective Observational Study.

This prospective observational study evaluated the effectiveness of a crisis resolution team (CRT) for outpatient treatment of psychiatric patients experiencing an acute episode of severe mental disorder. The effectiveness of the CRT (n = 65) was assessed against the care-as-usual [CAU group (n = 65)]. Patients' clinical state, overall functioning, quality of life and satisfaction were respectively evaluated at baseline, post intervention and three-month post-intervention.

Convolutional neural network propagation on electroencephalographic scalograms for detection of schizophrenia.

Objective: Electroencephalographic analysis (EEG) has emerged as a powerful tool for brain state interpretation. Studies have shown distinct deviances of patients with schizophrenia in EEG activation at specific frequency bands.

Methods: Evidence is presented for the validation of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model using transfer learning for scalp EEGs of patients and controls during the performance of a speeded sensorimotor task and a working memory task.

Evaluating the Modulation of the Acoustic Startle Reflex in Children and Adolescents Vertical EOG and EEG: Sex, Age, and Behavioral Effects.

Acoustic startle reflex (ASR) constitutes a reliable, cross-species indicator of sensorimotor and inhibitory mechanisms, showing distinct signature in cognitive aging, sex, and psychopathological characterization. ASR can be modulated by the prepulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm, which comprises the suppression of reactivity to a startling stimulus (pulse) following a weak prepulse (30- to 500-ms time difference), being widely linked to inhibitory capabilities of the sensorimotor system. If the prepulse-pulse tones are more clearly separated (500-2,000 ms), ASR amplitude is enhanced, termed as prepulse facilitation (PPF), reflecting sustained or selective attention.

Leveraging explainable machine learning to identify gait biomechanical parameters associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient and reconstructed knees display altered biomechanics during gait. Identifying significant gait changes is important for understanding normal and ACL function and is typically performed by statistical approaches. This paper focuses on the development of an explainable machine learning (ML) empowered methodology to: (i) identify important gait kinematic, kinetic parameters and quantify their contribution in the diagnosis of ACL injury and (ii) investigate the differences in sagittal plane kinematics and kinetics of the gait cycle between ACL deficient, ACL reconstructed and healthy individuals.

Correction: Ntakolia et al. An Explainable Machine Learning Approach for COVID-19's Impact on Mood States of Children and Adolescents during the First Lockdown in Greece. 2022, , 149.

was initially included as an author in the original publication [...

Asclepion of Epidaurus: the application of a historical perspective in medical education.

Background: The Asclepion of Epidaurus is one of the first healing environments in the world. Descendants of Asclepius, specifically medical students, have been singularly deprived of any information concerning this legacy. This article illuminates the role of Asclepion of Epidaurus and examines the view of medical students upon the subject and the possible benefits of this knowledge in their medical education.

Plasma complement component 4 alterations in patients with schizophrenia before and after antipsychotic treatment.

This study was performed to investigate the plasma C4 level and the influence of antipsychotic medication in schizophrenic patients. Thirty-six schizophrenic patients were followed-up for a mean of four weeks. The plasma level of C4 in schizophrenia was significantly higher than that in healthy controls at baseline, and was significantly decreased after antipsychotic treatment.

Psychopathology and Alexithymia in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Development of a Novel Index with Prognostic Value.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disease with a high risk of developing mental health difficulties.

Objective: The purposes of the study were to evaluate in moderate-to-severe psoriasis (a) the prevalence of depression and psychopathology, (b) the relationship between depression, psychopathology symptoms, and alexithymia, including its three dimensions, difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty in describing feelings (DDF), and externally oriented thinking (EOT), and (c) to establish a novel index for the development of depression according to patients' psychopathological profile.

Methods: In 104 patients, alexithymia was evaluated with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and psychopathology with the Brief Symptom Inventory SCL-90 (SCL90).

Implications of sympathetic activation for objective versus self-reported daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: Objective excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is associated with systemic inflammation and a higher risk of cardiometabolic morbidity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We hypothesized that OSA with objective EDS is associated with higher levels of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) when compared with self-reported EDS. We, therefore, examined the associations between objective and self-reported EDS with SNA in patients with OSA.

Mediating Effect of Sleep Quality on the Relationship Between Electronic Screen Media Use and Academic Performance Among College Students.

Objective: We aimed to examine the effects of sleep quality on the association between pre-bedtime electronic screen media use for entertainment and academic performance among college students. We hypothesized that sleep quality mediates the association between pre-bedtime electronic screen media entertainment use and academic performance among college students.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey with 1385 participants (age 19.

Deciding on Optical Illusions: Reduced Alpha Power in Body Dysmorphic Disorder.

Background: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with imagined defects in appearance. Optical illusions induce illusory effects that distort the presented stimulus, thus leading to ambiguous percepts. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated whether BDD is related to differentiated perception during illusory percepts.

Patient-reported needs predict perceived psychosocial disability and quality of life beyond symptom severity in schizophrenia.

Purpose: We examined whether patient-rated or clinician-rated needs are more strongly associated with perceived psychosocial disability (PPD) and subjective quality of life (SQOL) of schizophrenia patients, beyond symptom severity.

Methods: Hierarchical regression analyses were computed to test patient and clinician-rated unmet and met needs (estimated by eighty-two patient-clinician pairs) as predictors of PPD and SQOL above and beyond demographics and psychopathology. Needs, symptomatology, PPD and SQOL were estimated using Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN), PANSS, WHODAS 2.

Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Lipid Profiles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with dyslipidemia. However, the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on lipid profiles are unclear.

Methods: PubMed/Medline, Embase and Cochrane were searched up to July 2021.