[F]FDG PET/CT in the Initial Staging and Restaging of Soft-Tissue or Bone Sarcoma in Patients with Negative or Equivocal Findings for Metastases or Limited Recurrence on Conventional Work-up: Results of a Prospective Multicenter Registry.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of [F]FDG PET/CT on the initial staging, restaging, clinical management, and outcomes of patients with soft-tissue and bone sarcomas. This single-arm, prospective multicenter registry enrolled 304 patients with 320 [F]FDG PET/CT scans (November 2018 to October 2021). Eligibility included the initial staging of a grade 2 or higher or ungradable soft-tissue or bone sarcoma, with negative or equivocal findings for nodal or distant metastases on conventional imaging before curative-intent therapy, or restaging of patients with a history of treated sarcoma with a suspicion or confirmation of local recurrence or limited metastatic disease who were being considered for curative-intent or salvage therapy.

Highlights 2022.

Since its inaugural issue in 2019, has disseminated the latest scientific advances and technical developments in cardiac, vascular, and thoracic imaging. In this review, we highlight select articles published in this journal between October 2021 and October 2022. The scope of the review encompasses various aspects of coronary artery and congenital heart diseases, vascular diseases, thoracic imaging, and health services research.

National Core and Advanced Cardiac Imaging Curricula: A Framework From the Canadian Society of Thoracic Radiology Education Committee.

Rationale: Well-defined curriculum with goals and objectives is an inherent part of every radiology residency program.

Materials And Methods: Following a needs assessment, the Canadian Society of Thoracic Radiology education committee developed a cardiac imaging curriculum using a mixed method collaborative approach.

Results: The Cardiovascular Imaging Curricula consist each of two separate yet complimentary granular parts: a Core Curriculum, aimed at residents in-training, with the main goal of building a strong foundational knowledge and an Advanced Curriculum, designed to build upon the core knowledge and guide a more in-depth fellowship subspecialty training.

Spontaneous obliteration of a spinal perimedullary fistula.

We herewith report a young patient who had an incidental spinal vascular malformation of the cervicomedullary junction discovered during a work-up for anosmia. Angiography demonstrated a perimedullary spinal arteriovenous fistula with supply from lateral spinal arteries arising from bilateral V3 level segmental arteries. It was decided to manage the patient conservatively with magnetic resonance imaging monitored biannually.

Objective Performance Goals Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes for Bare-Metal Stents and Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty for Hemodialysis-Related Central Venous Obstruction.

Purpose: To use safety and efficacy outcomes following treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and/or stent placement for thoracic central venous obstruction in hemodialysis-dependent patients to establish objective performance goals (OPGs).

Methods: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted for articles published between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2021. Efficacy outcomes included primary patency rates at 6 and 12 months, and safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs) categorized as access loss, procedure-related AEs, and serious AEs (SAEs).

Smooth Muscle Tumors of the Uterus at MRI: Focus on Leiomyomas and FIGO Classification.

Leiomyomas are smooth muscle tumors of the uterus and are the most common uterine neoplasm. Although leiomyomas are usually asymptomatic, they can manifest with symptoms such as pain or uterine bleeding. Leiomyomas are classified on the basis of their anatomic location and morphology.

GPT-4 in Radiology: Improvements in Advanced Reasoning.

See also the article by Bhayana et al and the editorial by Lourenco et al in this issue.

Performance of ChatGPT on a Radiology Board-style Examination: Insights into Current Strengths and Limitations.

Background ChatGPT is a powerful artificial intelligence large language model with great potential as a tool in medical practice and education, but its performance in radiology remains unclear. Purpose To assess the performance of ChatGPT on radiology board-style examination questions without images and to explore its strengths and limitations. Materials and Methods In this exploratory prospective study performed from February 25 to March 3, 2023, 150 multiple-choice questions designed to match the style, content, and difficulty of the Canadian Royal College and American Board of Radiology examinations were grouped by question type (lower-order [recall, understanding] and higher-order [apply, analyze, synthesize] thinking) and topic (physics, clinical).

Patterns of Relapse and Complications of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease.

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystemic fibroinflammatory condition potentially resulting in organ dysfunction. We aimed to evaluate imaging characteristics of disease relapse and complications in this cohort of patients.

Methods: This was a cohort study of IgG4-RD patients imaged between 2010 and 2020.

Climate Change and Radiology: Impetus for Change and a Toolkit for Action.

This special report discusses the importance of climate change for health care and radiology. The impact of climate change on human health and health equity, the contribution of health care and medical imaging to the climate crisis, and the impetus for change within radiology to create a more sustainable future are covered. The authors focus on actions and opportunities to address climate change in our role as radiologists.

Disparities in Radiologist Fee-For-Service Payments by Gender in Canada.

To examine differences in fee-for-service (FFS) payments to men and women radiologists in Canada and evaluate potential contributors. Publicly available FFS radiology billing data was analyzed from British Columbia (BC), Ontario (ON), Prince-Edward Island (PEI) and Nova Scotia (NS) between 2017 and 2021. Data was analyzed by gender on a per-province and national level.

Combination of FDG PET/CT Radiomics and Clinical Parameters for Outcome Prediction in Patients with Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the prognostic value of a joint evaluation of PET and CT radiomics combined with standard clinical parameters in patients with HL.

Methods: Overall, 88 patients (42 female and 46 male) with a median age of 43.3 (range 21-85 years) were included.

Percutaneous Creation of Hemodialysis Fistulas.

Non-surgical, percutaneous, or endovascular hemodialysis arteriovenous creation represent an evolution of access creation away from traditional surgical fistulas. These fistulas are additional to surgical alternatives and published studies with the two commercially available devices suggest positive outcomes in terms of technical success, maturation, functionality, and patency. Relevant published studies are presented, and other considerations related to these new devices/procedures are also summarized.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cardiovascular Manifestations Following COVID-19.

Globally, over 650 million people have had COVID-19 due to infection with the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Cardiac complications in the acute infectious and early recovery phase were recognized early in the pandemic, including myocardial injury and inflammation. With a decrease in the number of acute COVID-19 related deaths, there has been increased interest in postacute sequela of COVID-19 (PASC) and other longer-term cardiovascular complications.

Can MRI features predict clinically relevant hepatocellular carcinoma genetic subtypes?

Purpose: Recent studies in cancer genomics have revealed core drivers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. We aim to study whether MRI features can serve as non-invasive markers for the prediction of common genetic subtypes of HCC.

Methods: Sequencing of 447 cancer-implicated genes was performed on 43 pathology proven HCC from 42 patients, who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI followed by biopsy or resection.

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging T1 and T2 Mapping in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Relation to Antimalarial Treatment.

Purpose: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at risk of cardiac disease including antimalarial-induced cardiomyopathy (AMIC). The purpose of this study is to evaluate cardiac magnetic resonance imaging parametric mapping findings in SLE patients with AMIC and investigate the relationship of T1/T2 mapping to antimalarial (AM) treatment duration.

Materials And Methods: All patients with SLE who had undergone cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with T1/T2 mapping for evaluation of suspected cardiac disease between 2018 and 2021 were evaluated and compared with healthy controls.

The role of [F]-DCFPyL PET/MRI radiomics for pathological grade group prediction in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [F]-DCFPyL PET/MRI radiomics for the prediction of pathological grade group in prostate cancer (PCa) in therapy-naïve patients.

Methods: Patients with confirmed or suspected PCa, who underwent [F]-DCFPyL PET/MRI (n = 105), were included in this retrospective analysis of two prospective clinical trials. Radiomic features were extracted from the segmented volumes following the image biomarker standardization initiative (IBSI) guidelines.

Standardized classification schemes in reporting oncologic PET/CT.

The imaging report is essential for the communication between physicians in patient care. The information it contains must be clear, concise with evidence-based conclusions and sufficient to support clinical decision-making. In recent years, several classification schemes and/or reporting guidelines for PET have been introduced.