For Your Eyes Only? The Use of Surgical Videos in Urological Residency Training: A European-wide Survey.

Background And Objective: Video-based learning may be beneficial in surgical education, both in the preparation for surgery and to evaluate surgical performance. The use of a video is not yet anchored in European urology residency programs, and it is unclear how frequently residents use videos. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether and how urology residents utilize videos to prepare for surgical procedures and evaluate their surgical performance.

Preferred and actual involvement of caregivers in oncologic treatment decision-making: A systematic review.

Introduction: Treatment decision-making in cancer is complex and many patients bring their caregiver to appointments to help them make those decisions. Multiple studies show the importance of involving caregivers in the treatment decision-making process. We aimed to explore the preferred and actual involvement of caregivers in the decision-making process of patients with cancer and to see if there are age or cultural background related differences in caregiver involvement.

Improving Robotic Skills by Video Review.

Since the transition of surgical robot systems into the medical field, physicians have had to develop new dexterity skills. The ideal learning environment for robotic surgery has yet to be discovered. Virtual reality (VR) simulation is a possible safe and economic method.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella bloodstream infections in Kisantu, DR Congo: Emergence of O5-negative Salmonella Typhimurium and extensive drug resistance.

Background: Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) are a major cause of bloodstream infection (BSI) in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to assess its longitudinal evolution as cause of BSI, its serotype distribution and its antibiotic resistance pattern in Kisantu, DR Congo.

Methods: As part of a national surveillance network, blood cultures were sampled in patients with suspected BSI admitted to Kisantu referral hospital from 2015-2017.

Towards European harmonisation of healthcare for patients with rare immune disorders: outcome from the ERN RITA registries survey.

The Rare Immunodeficiency, AutoInflammatory and AutoImmune Disease (RITA) network is a European Research Network (ERN) that brings together the leading centres for rare immune disorders. On April 2018 an online survey was sent to all RITA members in order to facilitate the harmonization of data collection in rare immune disorders registries. Currently, as many as 52 different registries collect data on rare immune disorders, of whom 30 (58%) are dedicated primarily to autoimmune diseases, 15 (29%) to primary immunodeficiencies and 12 (23%) to autoinflammatory disorders.

Permeable Thrombi Are Associated With Higher Intravenous Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Treatment Success in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Preclinical studies showed that thrombus permeability improves recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) efficacy. We hypothesize that thrombus permeability estimated from radiological imaging is associated with improved recanalization after treatment with intravenously administered r-tPA (r-tPA) and with better functional outcome.

Methods: We assessed thrombus attenuation increase (TAI) in patients from the Dutch Acute Stroke Study with an occlusion of an intracranial artery on computed tomographic angiography.

APL1, an altered peptide ligand derived from human heat-shock protein 60, increases the frequency of Tregs and its suppressive capacity against antigen responding effector CD4 + T cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a chronic relapsing-remitting joint inflammation. Perturbations in the balance between CD4 + T cells producing IL-17 and CD4 + CD25(high)FoxP3 + Tregs correlate with irreversible bone and cartilage destruction in RA. APL1 is an altered peptide ligand derived from a CD4+ T-cell epitope of human HSP60, an autoantigen expressed in the inflamed synovium, which increases the frequency of CD4 + CD25(high)FoxP3+ Tregs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from RA patients.

A safety evaluation of canakinumab for the treatment of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Introduction: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is the key molecule of a strong pro-inflammatory pathway in the innate immune system. The IL-1 family harbors components with pro- and anti-inflammatory effects essential for the regulation of the inflammation process. Auto-inflammatory diseases and systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) are examples of chronic inflammatory diseases that are IL-1 dependent.

Real life adherence of chronic hepatitis B patients to entecavir treatment.

Background: Real-life prospective data on adherence to nucleos(t)ide analogues in chronic hepatitis B patients are scarce.

Aims: We investigated adherence to entecavir in relation to virological response.

Methods: In this prospective study, we provided 100 consecutive chronic hepatitis B patients with a medication dispenser that monitored entecavir intake during 16 weeks therapy.

Prognostic significance of POLE proofreading mutations in endometrial cancer.

Background: Current risk stratification in endometrial cancer (EC) results in frequent over- and underuse of adjuvant therapy, and may be improved by novel biomarkers. We examined whether POLE proofreading mutations, recently reported in about 7% of ECs, predict prognosis.

Methods: We performed targeted POLE sequencing in ECs from the PORTEC-1 and -2 trials (n = 788), and analyzed clinical outcome according to POLE status.