Understanding Adult Central Nervous System Hemangioblastomas: A Systematic Review.

Background: Adult hemangioblastomas (HBs) are rare World Health Organization central nervous system (CNS) grade 1 tumors, particularly affecting the posterior cranial fossa. They exhibit a gender bias, impacting men in their fifth and sixth decades of life and manifesting sporadically or as part of von Hippel Lindau disease. Understanding the intricacies of CNS HBs is crucial for clinical decision-making.

The immunology of B-1 cells: from development to aging.

B-1 cells have intricate biology, with distinct function, phenotype and developmental origin from conventional B cells. They generate a B cell receptor with conserved germline characteristics and biased V(D)J recombination, allowing this innate-like lymphocyte to spontaneously produce self-reactive natural antibodies (NAbs) and become activated by immune stimuli in a T cell-independent manner. NAbs were suggested as "rheostats" for the chronic diseases in advanced age.

Simulation-Based Bypass Training and Learning Curves-Resident Experience.

 Bypass surgery is a challenging operative procedure that requires surgical excellence. Achieving the skills required for vascular surgery is difficult to master in the operating room without intensive microsurgical training. Various models have been developed to provide training to young neurosurgeons and increase dexterity and patient safety.

An isoelastic monoblock cup versus a modular metal-back cup: a matched-pair analysis of clinical and radiological results using Einzel-Bild-Röntgen-Analyse software.

Introduction: Bone preservation and long-term survival are the main challenges in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). A good bone stock is especially important for adequate anchorage of the cup in revision cases. However, the optimal acetabular cup design for preserving good bone stock is still unclear.

How I do it: Endoscopic microvascular decompression for a nerve penetrating trigeminocerebellar artery causing trigeminal neuralgia.

Background: The trigeminocerebellar artery is a standard variant originating from the basilar artery and can be an infrequent cause of trigeminal neuralgia.

Method: Total endoscopic microvascular decompression (eMVD) was performed using a 0-degree endoscope through a retro sigmoid keyhole. Multiple points of neurovascular conflict enhanced by indocyanine green angiography were identified, and the root entry zone was decompressed.

Preventing Lower Limb Graft Thrombosis after Infrainguinal Arterial Bypass Surgery with Antithrombotic Agents (PATENT Study): An International Expert Based Delphi Consensus.

(1) Background: High-level evidence on antithrombotic therapy after infrainguinal arterial bypass surgery in specific clinical scenarios is lacking. (2) Methods: A modified Delphi procedure was used to develop consensus statements. Experts voted on antithrombotic treatment regimens for three types of infrainguinal arterial bypass procedures: above-the-knee popliteal artery; below-the-knee popliteal artery; and distal, using vein, prosthetic, or biological grafts.

Somatosensory and Gustatory Profiling in the Orofacial Region.

Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a standard procedure in medicine to describe sensory patterns in various pathologies. The aim of this prospective clinical study was to define reference values of the trigeminal nerve (V3), including taste qualities, to create a compatibility for sensory loss or gain in pathologies. Fifty-one patients were included, and a standardized testing battery with 11 QST parameters according to the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain (DFNS) was applied complemented by quantitative gustatory assessments.

Long-term results in three-dimensional, complex bone augmentation procedures with customized titanium meshes.

Objectives: Complex, three-dimensional bony defects still represent challenging situations in routine implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate implant survival in customized bone regeneration using a patient-specific titanium mesh.

Material And Methods: Patients (n = 21, implants 36) who had obtained an augmentation procedure with patient-specific titanium mesh were examined after 5.

Conversion of failed internal fixation in proximal femur fractures using calcar-guided short-stem total hip arthroplasty.

Purpose: Reoperations for secondary osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, or hardware failure following failed internal fixation after intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) or femoral neck fracture (FNF) are common. An effective salvage treatment often involves complete removal of the hardware followed by total hip arthroplasty (THA). Almost no data are available regarding conversion to short-stem THA.

Customised products for orbital wall reconstruction: a systematic review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to critically analyse the recent literature and present the state of the art in customised reconstruction of orbital fractures. Three electronic databases and manual search approaches were used to identify relevant articles. Only controlled clinical studies were included.

Incidence of calcaneal apophysitis (Sever's disease) and return-to-play in adolescent athletes of a German youth soccer academy: a retrospective study of 10 years.

Background: Calcaneal apophysitis, or Sever's disease, is the most common cause of heel pain in childhood and adolescence. It is regarded as an overuse syndrome. Studies on the incidence of calcaneal apophysitis in young athletes and their associated return-to-play time are lacking in the current literature.

Survivorship, complications and patient-reported outcomes in calcar-guided short-stem THA: prospective mid-term multicenter data of the first 879 hips.

Introduction: Short stems are a bone and soft-tissue preserving alternative to conventional stems. The aim of this multicenter study is to present the mid-term outcomes of a calcar-guided short stem.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective case series of the first 879 total hip arthroplasties performed on 782 patients across 5 centers using identical calcar-guided short stems.

Needle tip deformation in local dental anesthesia - A technical note.

Introduction: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the mechanical deformation rate of dental cannula tips after injection simulation in a new developed animal model.

Materials And Methods: A new mechanical device was designed to define forces (100 g for 60 s) to impact a pigs jaw bone with different cannulas (25-Gauge/27-Gauge) from dental local anaesthesia syringes. 8 different products (100 cannulas each) were evaluated.

One-stage bilateral versus unilateral short-stem total hip arthroplasty: A matched-pair analysis of 216 hips.

Background: One-stage, bilateral, short-stem total hip arthroplasty (1B-ssTHA) represents an alternative to staged, unilateral, short-stem total hip arthroplasty (U-ssTHA); however, the safety and reliability of 1B-ssTHA remain unknown. The objective of the present study was to compare the functional outcomes, complications, and mortality rates between 1B-ssTHA and U-ssTHA at mid-term.

Methods: A retrospective, matched-pair study was performed, including 216 short stems implanted in 162 patients.

Downsizing in total hip arthroplasty. A short stem as a revision implant.

Background: Short stems have constantly gained popularity in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) over the last decade. Although cementless short stems are not primarily designed to be used as revision implants, there may be certain indications for which downsizing the femoral component in failed conventional THA is potentially advantageous.

Methods: In this single center retrospective case series, six patients who underwent revision using a calcar-guided short stem after failed THA are presented.

Is a Mask That Covers the Mouth and Nose Free from Undesirable Side Effects in Everyday Use and Free of Potential Hazards?

Many countries introduced the requirement to wear masks in public spaces for containing SARS-CoV-2 making it commonplace in 2020. Up until now, there has been no comprehensive investigation as to the adverse health effects masks can cause. The aim was to find, test, evaluate and compile scientifically proven related side effects of wearing masks.

Can hip resurfacing be safely revised with short-stem total hip arthroplasty? A case series of six patients.

Background: The usage of short stems in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has constantly gained popularity over the last decade, however, to date, short stems are not eligible to be used as revision implants. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the outcome of revision surgery of failed hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) using short-stem THA.

Methods: In a single center, retrospective analysis, 6 consecutive patients who were treated with a calcar-guided short stem after failure of HRA were evaluated.

Future burden of primary and revision hip arthroplasty in Germany: a socio-economic challenge.

Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) rates have increased dramatically in the recent decades worldwide, with Germany being one of the leading countries in the prevalence of THA. Simultaneously, a rising number of revision procedures is expected, which will put an enormous economic burden on future health care systems.

Methods: Nationwide data provided by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany were used to quantify primary and revision arthroplasty rates as a function of age and gender.

Secondary Osseous Integration of Cementless Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty After Internal Fixation of a Felix Type IIIB Fracture: A Case Report.

Case: A 76-year-old man presented with periprosthetic tibial plateau fracture (TPF), with a completely loosened tibial component 3 weeks after cementless unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Internal fixation by buttress plating was performed, and the tibial component was retained and left in situ primarily as a spacer. Revision was planned after fracture consolidation, but at 3 months, the patient was able to walk without support, without pain, and with full range of motion.

The concept of a cementless isoelastic monoblock cup made of highly cross-linked polyethylene infused with vitamin E: radiological analyses of migration and wear using EBRA and clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up.

Background: The newest generation of cementless titanium-coated, isoelastic monoblock cup with vitamin E-blended highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) was introduced to the market in 2009. The aim of the present study was to obtain mid-term follow-up data including migration and wear analyses.

Methods: This prospective study investigated 101 primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) cases in 96 patients treated at a single institution.

Intracerebral Abscess Caused by Actinomyces israelii.

We describe a case of 49-years old female with a medical history of penicillin allergy, who suffered from brain infection caused by . Therefore, the available therapy was metronidazole, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol. Due to a deterioration of the general and neurological condition of the patient, it was decided to perform a scratch skin test on penicillin, which was negative.

Laquinimod dampens IL-1β signaling and Th17-polarizing capacity of monocytes in patients with MS.

Objective: To assess the impact of laquinimod treatment on monocytes and to investigate the underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms in MS.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we performed in vivo and in vitro analyses of cluster of differentiation (CD14) monocytes isolated from healthy donors (n = 15), untreated (n = 13), and laquinimod-treated patients with MS (n = 14). Their frequency and the expression of surface activation markers were assessed by flow cytometry and the viability by calcein staining.