122 results match your criteria: "University Medical Center UMC Utrecht.[Affiliation]"

Patient-derived micro-organospheres enable clinical precision oncology.

Cell Stem Cell

June 2022

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. Electronic address:

Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have been shown to model clinical response to cancer therapy. However, it remains challenging to use these models to guide timely clinical decisions for cancer patients. Here, we used droplet emulsion microfluidics with temperature control and dead-volume minimization to rapidly generate thousands of micro-organospheres (MOSs) from low-volume patient tissues, which serve as an ideal patient-derived model for clinical precision oncology.

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Psychometric evaluation of the Decision Support Tool for Functional Independence in community-dwelling older people.

J Popul Ageing

March 2022

Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Background: The aging population is increasingly faced with daily life limitations, threatening their Functional Independence (FI). These limitations extend different life domains and require a broad range of community-care professionals to be addressed. The Decision Support Tool for Functional Independence (DST-FI) facilitates community-care professionals in providing uncontradictory recommendations regarding the maintenance of FI in community-dwelling older people.

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Early Surgery Prolongs Professional Activity in IDH Mutant Low-Grade Glioma Patients: A Policy Change Analysis.

Front Oncol

March 2022

University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Background: Until 2015, Dutch guidelines recommended follow-up and biopsy rather than surgery as initial care for suspected low-grade gliomas (LGG). Given evidence that surgery could extend patient survival, our center stopped following this guideline on January 1, 2010 and opted for early maximal safe resection of LGG. The effects of early surgery on the ability of patients to work remains little documented.

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Mapping the human connectome using diffusion MRI at 300 mT/m gradient strength: Methodological advances and scientific impact.

Neuroimage

July 2022

Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Significant advancements in MRI technology have occurred over the past decade to improve the mapping of brain connectivity, highlighted by the installation of the first Connectom 3T MRI scanner at Massachusetts General Hospital in 2011 as part of the Human Connectome Project.
  • These advancements have made the Connectom high gradient system more accessible for various studies focusing on diffusion tractography and tissue microstructure, enhancing sensitivity for both macroscopic and microscopic neural information.
  • The review article examines the technological developments related to Connectom scanners, global installations, hardware improvements, and their scientific impact on diffusion MRI data and clinical research.
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Background: Neonates with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are at risk of brain injury that may result in adverse neurodevelopment. To date, no therapy is available to improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of CCHD neonates. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, prevents the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thereby limiting cell damage during reperfusion and reoxygenation to the brain and heart.

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The thyroid maintains systemic homeostasis by regulating serum thyroid hormone concentrations. Here we report the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) organoids from adult thyroid tissue representing murine and human thyroid follicular cells (TFCs). The TFC organoids (TFCOs) harbor the complete machinery of hormone production as visualized by the presence of colloid in the lumen and by the presence of essential transporters and enzymes in the polarized epithelial cells that surround a central lumen.

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SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in human gastric organoids.

Nat Commun

November 2021

Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Section, GOS Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.

COVID-19 typically manifests as a respiratory illness, but several clinical reports have described gastrointestinal symptoms. This is particularly true in children in whom gastrointestinal symptoms are frequent and viral shedding outlasts viral clearance from the respiratory system. These observations raise the question of whether the virus can replicate within the stomach.

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Promises and Challenges of Organoid-Guided Precision Medicine.

Med

September 2021

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA.

Organoids are self-organizing, expanding 3D cultures derived from stem cells. Using tissue derived from patients, these miniaturized models recapitulate various aspects of patient physiology and disease phenotypes including genetic profiles and drug sensitivities. As such, patient-derived organoid (PDO) platforms provide an unprecedented opportunity for improving preclinical drug discovery, clinical trial validation, and ultimately patient care.

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Patient-derived organoids model cervical tissue dynamics and viral oncogenesis in cervical cancer.

Cell Stem Cell

August 2021

Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Jaarbeursplein 6, 3521 AL Utrecht, the Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy often caused by high-risk human papillomavirus. There is a paucity of human-derived culture systems to study the cervical epithelium and the cancers derived thereof. Here we describe a long-term culturing protocol for ecto- and endocervical epithelia that generates 3D organoids that stably recapitulate the two tissues of origin.

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Background: Nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo a stepwise process to generate all mature nephron structures. Mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) is considered a multistep process of NPC differentiation to ensure progressive establishment of new nephrons. However, despite this important role, to date, no marker for NPCs undergoing MET in the nephron exists.

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The frontier of live tissue imaging across space and time.

Cell Stem Cell

April 2021

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. Electronic address:

What you see is what you get-imaging techniques have long been essential for visualization and understanding of tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration, which are driven by stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Advances in molecular and tissue modeling techniques in the last decade are providing new imaging modalities to explore tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. Here we describe current state-of-the-art imaging modalities for tissue research at multiple scales, with a focus on explaining key tradeoffs such as spatial resolution, penetration depth, capture time/frequency, and moieties.

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Recent advances in inter-cellular interactions during neural circuit assembly.

Curr Opin Neurobiol

August 2021

Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Neural circuit assembly is regulated by inter-cellular interactions involving secreted and surface-tethered guidance molecules. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of their mechanisms-of-action and biological effects. We discuss mechanisms through which the secreted cue Netrin-1 regulates neuron migration and highlight novel roles for axon-derived secreted guidance cues.

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Establishment of patient-derived adult stem cell-based pancreatic (tumor) organoids was first described in 2015. Since then, multiple laboratories have demonstrated the robustness of this method. We recently described the generation of a pancreatic cancer biobank containing 30 well-characterized tumor organoid models.

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Introduction: Historical changes have transformed Sweden from being an offensive to a defensive and collaborative nation with national and international engagement, allowing it to finally achieve the ground for the civilian-military collaboration and the concept of a total defense healthcare. At the same time, with the decreasing number of international and interstate conflicts, and the military's involvement in national emergencies and humanitarian disaster relief, both the need and the role of the military healthcare system within the civilian society have been challenged. The recent impact of the COVID-19 in the USA and the necessity of military involvement have led health practitioners to anticipate and re-evaluate conditions that might exceed the civilian capacity of their own countries and the need to have collaboration with the military healthcare.

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Introduction: Different types of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVSs) have been developed and used in below-the-knee (BTK) arterial diseases. This is the first study reviewing and analyzing the literature on BVS treatment for BTK arterial disease.

Evidence Acquisition: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for studies published until October 21, 2019.

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Objectives: To assess the difference in completeness of reporting and methodological conduct of published prediction models before and after publication of the Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) statement.

Methods: In the seven general medicine journals with the highest impact factor, we compared the completeness of the reporting and the quality of the methodology of prediction model studies published between 2012 and 2014 (pre-TRIPOD) with studies published between 2016 and 2017 (post-TRIPOD). For articles published in the post-TRIPOD period, we examined whether there was improved reporting for articles (1) citing the TRIPOD statement, and (2) published in journals that published the TRIPOD statement.

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Adult stem cell-based organoid technology is a versatile tool for the generation and long-term maintenance of near-native 3D epithelial tissues in vitro. The generation of cancer organoids from primary patient material enables a range of therapeutic agents to be tested in the resulting organoid cultures. Patient-derived cancer organoids therefore hold great promise for personalized medicine.

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Dysregulated sensing of self-nucleic acid is a leading cause of autoimmunity in multifactorial and monogenic diseases. Mutations in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp), a key regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics in immune cells, cause autoimmune manifestations and increased production of type I IFNs by innate cells. Here we show that immune complexes of self-DNA and autoantibodies (DNA-ICs) contribute to elevated IFN levels via activation of the cGAS/STING pathway of cytosolic sensing.

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Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency resulting in life-threatening infections and inflammatory complications. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) can cure the disease, but the indication to transplant remains controversial. We performed a retrospective multicenter study of 712 patients with CGD who underwent allo-HCT transplantation from March 1993 through December 2018.

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Organoid technology, in vitro 3D culturing of miniature tissue, has opened a new experimental window for cellular processes that govern organ development and function as well as disease. Fluorescence microscopy has played a major role in characterizing their cellular composition in detail and demonstrating their similarity to the tissue they originate from. In this article, we present a comprehensive protocol for high-resolution 3D imaging of whole organoids upon immunofluorescent labeling.

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High efavirenz levels but not neurofilament light plasma levels are associated with poor neurocognitive functioning in asymptomatic HIV patients.

J Neurovirol

August 2020

Department of Internal Medicine, section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

The aim of this study is to assess the effect of efavirenz exposure on neurocognitive functioning and investigate plasma neurofilament light (Nfl) as a biomarker for neurocognitive damage. Sub-analysis of the ESCAPE-study, a randomised controlled trial where virologically suppressed, cognitively asymptomatic HIV patients were randomised (2:1) to switch to rilpivirine or continue on efavirenz. At baseline and week 12, patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological assessment (NPA), and serum efavirenz concentration and plasma Nfl levels were measured.

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