Rapid in situ carbon-13 hyperpolarization and imaging of acetate and pyruvate esters without external polarizer.

Hyperpolarized C MRI visualizes real-time metabolic processes in vivo. In this study, we achieved high C polarization in situ in the bore of an MRI system for precursor molecules of most widely employed hyperpolarized agents: [1-C]acetate and [1-C]pyruvate ethyl esters in their perdeuterated forms, enhancing hyperpolarization lifetimes, hyperpolarized to P ≈ 28% at 80 mM concentration and P ≈ 19% at 10 mM concentration, respectively. Using vinyl esters as unsaturated Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization via Side-Arm Hydrogenation (PHIP-SAH) precursors and our novel polarization setup, we achieved these hyperpolarization levels by fast side-arm hydrogenation in acetone-d at elevated temperatures (up to 90°C) and hydrogenation pressures (up to 32 bar).

Through-bond and through-space radiofrequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

Radio Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (RASER) is a phenomenon observed during nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments with strongly negatively polarized systems. This phenomenon may be utilized for the production of very narrow NMR lines, background-free NMR spectroscopy, and excitation-free sensing of chemical transformations. Recently, novel methods of producing RASER by ParaHydrogen-Induced Polarization (PHIP) were introduced.

New insights into neuropathology and pathogenesis of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein meningoencephalomyelitis.

Anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) meningoencephalomyelitis (autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy) is a new autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disease diagnosable by the presence of anti-GFAP autoantibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid and presents as meningoencephalomyelitis in the majority of patients. Only few neuropathological reports are available and little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms. We performed a histopathological study of two autopsies and nine CNS biopsies of patients with anti-GFAP autoantibodies and found predominantly a lymphocytic and in one autopsy case a granulomatous inflammatory phenotype.

Older adults' coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic - a longitudinal mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Older age is a main risk factor for severe COVID-19. In 2020, a broad political debate was initiated as to what extent older adults need special protection and isolation to minimize their risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, isolation might also have indirect negative (e.

Through-Space Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance Signal Enhancement Induced by Parahydrogen and Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

Hyperpolarized (, polarized far beyond the thermal equilibrium) nuclear spins can result in the radiofrequency amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (RASER) effect. Here, we show the utility of RASER to amplify nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of solute and solvent molecules in the liquid state. Specifically, parahydrogen-induced RASER was used to spontaneously enhance nuclear spin polarization of protons and heteronuclei (here F and P) in a wide range of molecules.

Treating sarcoidosis-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with infliximab.

Although most of the progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy cases in sarcoidosis patients are explained by the treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, it is also reported in treatment-naive sarcoidosis patients, which implies a general predisposition of sarcoidosis patients for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Indeed, it was shown that active sarcoidosis patients have increased regulatory T cell frequencies which could lead to a subsequent systemic immunosuppression. However, if sarcoidosis with systemic changes of T cell subsets frequencies constitute a risk factor for the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, which could then be counteracted by sarcoidosis treatment, is not known.

Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization Relayed via Proton Exchange.

The hyperpolarization of nuclear spins is a game-changing technology that enables hitherto inaccessible applications for magnetic resonance in chemistry and biomedicine. Despite significant advances and discoveries in the past, however, the quest to establish efficient and effective hyperpolarization methods continues. Here, we describe a new method that combines the advantages of direct parahydrogenation, high polarization (), fast reaction, and low cost with the broad applicability of polarization transfer via proton exchange.