Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: A Crucial Factor in Post-Surgical Abdominal Adhesion Formation.

Post-surgical abdominal adhesions, although poorly understood, are highly prevalent. The molecular processes underlying their formation remain elusive. This review aims to assess the relationship between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the generation of postoperative peritoneal adhesions and to discuss methods for mitigating peritoneal adhesions.

Sepsis and delayed cerebral ischemia are associated and have a cumulative effect on poor functional outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Although sepsis and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) are severe complications in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and share pathophysiological features, their interrelation and additive effect on functional outcome is uncertain. We investigated the association between sepsis and DCI and their cumulative effect on functional outcome in patients with aSAH using current sepsis-3 definition.

Methods: Patients admitted to our hospital between 11/2014 and 11/2018 for aSAH were retrospectively analyzed.

Incidental findings are frequent in shoulder CT and MRI scans and increase with age.

Objectives: CT and MRI scans of the shoulder can lead to the identification of incidental findings (IF), which can have a major impact on the further treatment of the patient. The aim of this retrospective study was to record the prevalence of IF, incidentalomas (IT) and malignant IT for CT and MRI examinations of the shoulder and to investigate the effect of patient characteristics on the statistical occurrence of IF, IT and malignant IT.

Materials And Methods: A total of 903 shoulder examinations (415 CT, 488 MRI) were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of IF, subsequently categorized (harmless IF, IT requiring clarification, malignant IT) and analyzed regarding patient characteristics.

Streamlining Acute Abdominal Aortic Dissection Management-An AI-based CT Imaging Workflow.

Life-threatening acute aortic dissection (AD) demands timely diagnosis for effective intervention. To streamline intrahospital workflows, automated detection of AD in abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans seems useful to assist humans. We aimed at creating a robust convolutional neural network (CNN)-based pipeline capable of real-time screening for signs of abdominal AD in CT.

Can Lymph Node Involvement in Unilateral Wilms Tumor be Predicted by Preoperatively known Data in Combination with Intraoperative Findings?

Objective: This study aimed to identify parameters that allow the estimation of tumor-infiltrated lymph nodes (LN) after pretreatment for unilateral Wilms tumor (WT).

Summary Background Data: Complete tumor resection with removal of regional LN is always necessary. Positive LNs require local irradiation influencing benefits in case of NSS in long-term follow-up.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in peripheral blood as predictive biomarkers in patients with solid tumors undergoing immune checkpoint therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immunotherapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, are increasingly recognized for their potential. Despite notable successes, patient responses to these treatments vary significantly. The absence of reliable predictive and prognostic biomarkers hampers the ability to foresee outcomes.

Relevance of Positive Surgical Margins in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma After Surgical Resection: Predictive Factors and Survival Implications.

Introduction: The implications of positive surgical margins (PSM) after surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain subject of discussion. This study aimed to identify risk factors for PSM, assess its effect on overall survival (OS), and determine predictors of OS.

Patients And Methods: Data from RCC surgeries at Mannheim University Medical Center between 2010 and 2023 was analyzed.

Quality-of-life outcomes of the ROBOtic-assisted versus Conventional Open Partial nephrectomy (ROBOCOP) II trial.

Objectives: To comprehensively compare quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes between open partial nephrectomy (OPN) and robot-assisted PN (RAPN) from the randomised ROBOtic-assisted versus Conventional Open Partial nephrectomy (ROBOCOP) II trial, as QoL data comparing OPN and RAPN are virtually non-existent, especially not from randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Patients And Methods: The ROBOCOP II was a single-centre, open-label RCT between OPN and RAPN. The pre-planned analyses of QoL outcomes are presented.

Analysis of cell free DNA to predict outcome to bevacizumab therapy in colorectal cancer patients.

To predict outcome to combination bevacizumab (BVZ) therapy, we employed cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to determine chromosomal instability (CIN), nucleosome footprints (NF) and methylation profiles in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (LC-WGS) was performed on matched tumor and plasma samples, collected from 74 mCRC patients from the AC-ANGIOPREDICT Phase II trial (NCT01822444), and analysed for CIN and NFs. A validation cohort of plasma samples from the University Medical Center Mannheim (UMM) was similarly profiled.

L-RNA aptamer-based CXCL12 inhibition combined with radiotherapy in newly-diagnosed glioblastoma: dose escalation of the phase I/II GLORIA trial.

The chemokine CXCL12 promotes glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence after radiotherapy (RT) by facilitating vasculogenesis. Here we report outcomes of the dose-escalation part of GLORIA (NCT04121455), a phase I/II trial combining RT and the CXCL12-neutralizing aptamer olaptesed pegol (NOX-A12; 200/400/600 mg per week) in patients with incompletely resected, newly-diagnosed GBM lacking MGMT methylation. The primary endpoint was safety, secondary endpoints included maximum tolerable dose (MTD), recommended phase II dose (RP2D), NOX-A12 plasma levels, topography of recurrence, tumor vascularization, neurologic assessment in neuro-oncology (NANO), quality of life (QOL), median progression-free survival (PFS), 6-months PFS and overall survival (OS).

Structured reporting in fetal magnetic resonance imaging with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: We aim to provide a template structured report of fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) that was locally validated by the CDH study group in Mannheim.

Methods: A selection of 50 fetal MRIs of patients with an isolated diaphragmatic hernia and associated radiology reports from five different senior radiologists from a single center resulted in a primary structured report, which was put into practice by using dedicated software. A questionnaire survey of the interdisciplinary CDH study group Mannheim was used to adapt the report to the clinical requirements.

Image quality of opportunistic breast examinations in photon-counting computed tomography: A phantom study.

Purpose: To compare the breast imaging performance of a clinical whole-body photon-counting CT (PCCT) to that of a dedicated breast CT (BCT) to determine the image quality of opportunistic breast examinations in clinical PCCT.

Materials And Methods: To quantify image quality for breast cancer applications, acquisitions of a breast phantom including representations of calcifications, fibers, and masses were performed using a clinical PCCT and a dedicated BCT. When imaging with the PCCT, the phantom was also combined with a thorax phantom to simulate realistic patient positioning, while only the breast phantom was imaged in the BCT.

Hematologic Toxicity and Bone Marrow-Sparing Strategies in Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review.

The standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer typically includes concomitant chemoradiation, a regimen known to induce severe hematologic toxicity (HT). Particularly, pelvic bone marrow dose exposure has been identified as a contributing factor to this hematologic toxicity. Chemotherapy further increases bone marrow suppression, often necessitating treatment interruptions or dose reductions.

Quality of Life of Children with Short Bowel Syndrome from Patients' and Parents' Points of View.

Despite limited research, existing studies using generic quality of life (QOL) tools indicate decreased physical health and compromised emotional functioning in children with IF. This study investigates QOL in children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and its determinants. The study included 57 pediatric patients with SBS treated at Mannheim's University Hospital between 1998 and 2014.

Fundus Autofluorescence in Posterior and Panuveitis-An Under-Estimated Imaging Technique: A Review and Case Series.

Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a prompt and non-invasive imaging modality helpful in detecting pathological abnormalities within the retina and the choroid. This narrative review and case series provides an overview on the current application of FAF in posterior and panuveitis. The literature was reviewed for articles on lesion characteristics on FAF of specific posterior and panuveitis entities as well as benefits and limitations of FAF for diagnosing and monitoring disease.

Timing of magnetic resonance imaging in pregnancy for outcome prediction in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of the timing of MRI on the prediction of survival and morbidity in patients with CDH, and whether serial measurements have a beneficial value.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in two perinatal centers, in Germany and Italy. It included 354 patients with isolated CDH having at least one fetal MRI.

Incidence of hippocampal and perihippocampal brain metastases and impact on hippocampal-avoiding radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: In patients requiring prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) or whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastases (BMs), hippocampal avoidance (HA) has been shown to preserve neurocognitive function and quality of life. Here, we aim to estimate the incidence of hippocampal and perihippocampal BMs and the subsequent risk of local undertreatment in patients undergoing hippocampal sparing radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus were searched with the terms "Hippocampus", "Brain Neoplasms", and related terms.

Validation of the standardization framework SSTR-RADS 1.0 for neuroendocrine tumors using the novel SSTR‑targeting peptide [F]SiTATE.

Objectives: Somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (SSTR-PET/CT) using [Ga]-labeled tracers is a widely used imaging modality for neuroendocrine tumors (NET). Recently, [F]SiTATE, a SiFAlin tagged [Tyr3]-octreotate (TATE) PET tracer, has shown great potential due to favorable clinical characteristics. We aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of Somatostatin Receptor-Reporting and Data System 1.

Clinical trial design and treatment effects: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled and single-arm trials supporting 437 FDA approvals of cancer drugs and indications.

Objectives: This study aims to analyse the association between clinical trial design and treatment effects for cancer drugs with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

Design: Cross-sectional study and meta-analysis.

Setting: Data from Drugs@FDA, FDA labels, ClincialTrials.