Challenges and strategies for improving medication adherence among adolescent psychiatric patients: A qualitative study.

Despite significant advancements in the development of psychotropic medications, increasing adherence rates remain a challenge in the treatment and management of psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively explore the challenges underlying medication adherence and strategies to improve it among adolescents with psychiatric disorders in Malaysia. This qualitative research design presents results from 17 semi-structured interviews with adolescent psychiatric patients, aged 11 to 19 years old, from public hospitals across Peninsular Malaysia.

Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid and nano titanium dioxide on the immune response and energy allocation in Mytilus coruscus.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) functions as a surfactant, while nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO) serves as an antibacterial agent. These substances are extensively utilized in industrial production and, upon release into aquatic environments, pose significant threats to the viability and development of marine organisms. However, research into the effects of PFOA and nano-TiO on the immune functions and cellular energy allocation (CEA) of bivalves remains limited.

Microplastic abundance in the surface water of tropical estuarine fronts.

Estuarine fronts are formed due to sharp density discontinuities resulting from the convergence of different water masses. This study, conducted in May and August of 2022 during the southwest monsoon season, focuses on assessing the role of estuarine fronts at Kuala Terengganu estuary in the accumulation of microplastics in surface seawater. The Terengganu River basin area covers approximately 4600 km and consists of two main tributaries that drain into the Kuala Terengganu estuary.

Profiling the gut structure and microbiota, and identifying two dominant bacteria belonging to the genus in mandarin fish () fed an artificial diet.

Mandarin fish () fed with an artificial diet is progressively gaining popularity, which is important for reducing product prices and resource consumption. However, food is the decisive factor of intestinal microbes, and the profound effects of change in their feeding habit on intestinal microbes of mandarin fish have not been revealed. In the present study, live bait fish and artificial diet were used to feed mandarin fish for 8 weeks to study the effect of different feeding habits on the histology, microbiota structure and dominant bacteria of gut in mandarin fish.

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis of physiological and immune profiling of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) gills.

Gills are the main respiratory organs of fish and bear important physiological and immunological functions, but the functional heterogeneity of interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) at the single-cell level has rarely been reported. Here, we identified 19 cell types from the gills of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in combination with histological analysis. We annotated ILCM and analyzed its functional heterogeneity at the single-cell level for the first time.

Parasitism in coral reefs: Trophic ecology of crustacean ascothoracidan parasites and their coral hosts from Malaysia.

Coral reefs house a great variety of symbiotic associations, including parasitism. One of the crucial issues in the host-symbiont interactions is the parasites' feeding mode. Does the parasite/symbiont use the host's tissues for nutrition, steal food from the host's digestive system, or take food directly from the environment? However, most of the parasitism in corals is endosymbiotic (endoparasitic).

Identification and Functional Characterization of the FATP1 Gene from Mud Crab, .

In mammals, fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1) plays important roles in cellular uptake and activation of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), especially in processes of transportation, oxidation and triacylglycerol synthesis. However, the role of FATP1 in invertebrates, especially decapod crustaceans, is still poorly understood. In this study, the cDNA of a FATP1 gene from a decapod crustacean, mud crab , was cloned and functionally characterized.

Museum specimens shedding light on the evolutionary history and cryptic diversity of the hedgehog family Erinaceidae.

The family Erinaceidae encompasses 27 extant species in two subfamilies: Erinaceinae, which includes spiny hedgehogs, and Galericinae, which comprises silky-furred gymnures and moonrats. Although they are commonly recognized by the general public, their phylogenetic history remains incompletely understood, and several species have never been included in any molecular analyses. Additionally, previous research suggested that the species diversity of Erinaceidae might be underestimated.

A novel stepwise salinity acclimation method to improve the survival of freshwater microalgae Haematococcus lacustris in seawater salinity.

Freshwater microalga Haematococcus lacustris rich in astaxanthin, as a supplemental live diet can directly supply natural astaxanthin to the aquaculture organisms, except marine aquaculture organisms, since H. lacustris cannot tolerate seawater salinity. The objective of the present study is to provide a salinity acclimation method that allows H.

Dynamics of sediment-associated nitrogen export from intermittent streams in subtropical forests of southeast China.

The significance of intermittent streams in nutrient loss within forest ecosystems is becoming increasingly critical due to changes in precipitation patterns associated with global climate change. However, few studies have focused on nutrient export from intermittent streams. We conducted continuous sediment collection from intermittent streams from March 2022 to February 2023 to investigate the export pattern and mechanism of sediment-associated nitrogen (N) from intermittent streams of different forest types (composed forest of Castanopsis carlesii (Cas.

Biosynthesized MgONPs using seed extract: Characterization, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity.

The present study investigates seed extracts which are considered as a promising and valuable source of bioactive compounds were prepared using different solvents such as methanol, ethanol, petroleum ether, acetone, chloroform, and diethyl ether. Among these solvents, methanol exhibited the highest extraction with a yield of 42 %. HPLC analysis revealed the highest concentration of quercetin flavonoids (49.

Nano-titanium dioxide exacerbates the harmful effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on the health of mussels.

Exposing marine organisms to contemporary contaminants, such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO), can induce multifaceted physiological consequences. Our investigation centered on the responses of the mussel, Mytilus coruscus, to these agents. We discerned pronounced disruptions in gill filament connections, pivotal structures for aquatic respiration, suggesting compromised oxygen uptake capabilities.

Unraveling the nexus: Microplastics, antibiotics, and ARGs interactions, threats and control in aquaculture - A review.

In recent years, aquaculture has expanded rapidly to address food scarcity and provides high-quality aquatic products. However, this growth has led to the release of significant effluents, containing emerging contaminants like antibiotics, microplastics (MPs), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study investigated the occurrence and interactions of these pollutants in aquaculture environment.

Evaluating climate change impacts on reef environments via multibeam echosounder and Acoustic Doppler Current profiler technology.

Crucial to the Earth's oceans, ocean currents dynamically react to various factors, including rotation, wind patterns, temperature fluctuations, alterations in salinity and the gravitational pull of the moon. Climate change impacts coastal ecosystems, emphasizing the need for understanding these currents. This study explores multibeam echosounder (MBES), specifically R2-Sonic 2020 instrument, offering detailed seabed information.

Combined effects of pentachlorophenol and nano-TiO with different sizes on antioxidant, digestive, and immune responses of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus.

Marine nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) pollution are escalating concerns in coastal areas. This study investigated the combined effects of continuous exposure to nano-TiO (25 nm, 100 nm) and PCP (0, 1, 10 μg/L) for 28 days on the antioxidant, digestive, and immune abilities of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Compared with the control group, the interaction between nano-TiO and PCP was significantly higher than exposure to a single stressor, with a pronounced decrease in amylase activity observed due to the reducing nano-TiO particle sizes.

Cadaverine and putrescine exposure influence carbon and nitrogen cycling genes in water and sediment of the Yellow River.

The response patterns of microbial functional genes involved in biogeochemical cycles to cadaver decay is a central topic of recent environmental sciences. However, the response mechanisms and pathways of the functional genes associated with the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling to cadaveric substances such as cadaverine and putrescine remain unclear. This study explored the variation of functional genes associated with C fixation, C degradation and N cycling and their influencing factors under cadaverine, putrescine and mixed treatments.

Investigations on anticancer activity of Eu doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposites against MCF7 and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines: A structural and luminescence Perspective.

Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we investigate the role of Eu doped hydroxyapatite nanocomposites (Han: Eu) in the treatment of MCF7 and 4T1 breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we explored the structural and luminescent properties of these nanocomposites.

A meta-analysis highlighting the increasing relevance of the hair matrix in exposure assessment to organic pollutants.

Owing to a wide range of advantages, such as stability, non-invasiveness, and ease of sampling, hair has been used progressively for comprehensive biomonitoring of organic pollutants for the last three decades. This has led to the development of new analytical and multi-class analysis methods for the assessment of a broad range of organic pollutants in various population groups, ranging from small-scale studies to advanced studies with a large number of participants based on different exposure settings. This meta-analysis summarizes the existing literature on the assessment of organic pollutants in hair in terms of residue levels, the correlation of hair residue levels with those of other biological matrices and socio-demographic factors, the reliability of hair versus other biomatrices for exposure assessment, the use of segmental hair analysis for chronic exposure evaluation and the effect of external contamination on hair residue levels.

The impact of elevated temperature on the macro-nutrients of commercially important marine bivalves: the implication of ocean warming.

Bivalves are nutritious animal protein source for humans, rich in high quality proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Many studies have shown that ocean warming has detrimental effects on the nutritional quality of bivalves. Although a number of studies are available on the effect of ocean warming on the nutritional value of bivalves, this information is not well organized.

infections of plateau pika altered the patterns of temporal alterations in gut bacterial communities.

Intestinal parasites, such as , are common among plateau pika (). The gut microbiome is an essential driver of the host response to gastrointestinal parasites. However, the effects of intestinal protozoal parasites on the temporal variations in the gut microbiome and behavioral and physiological activities remain unknown.

Effects of elevated temperature and different crystal structures of TiO nanoparticles on the gut microbiota of mussel Mytilus coruscus.

Coastal habitats are exposed to increasing pressure of nanopollutants commonly combined with warming due to the seasonal temperature cycles and global climate change. To investigate the toxicological effects of TiO nanoparticles (TiO NPs) and elevated temperature on the intestinal health of the mussels (Mytilus coruscus), the mussels were exposed to 0.1 mg/L TiO NPs with different crystal structures for 14 days at 20 °C and 28 °C, respectively.

Inhibition of γ-secretase/Notch pathway as a potential therapy for reversing cancer drug resistance.

The mechanism of tumor drug resistance is complex and may involve stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the activation of survival signaling pathways, transporter protein expression, and tumor microenvironment remodeling, all of which are linked to γ-secretase/Notch signaling. Increasing evidence has shown that the activation of the γ-secretase/Notch pathway is a key driver of cancer progression and drug resistance development and that γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) may be the most promising agents for reversing chemotherapy resistance of tumors by targeting the γ-secretase/Notch pathway. Here, we systematically summarize the roles in supporting γ-secretase/Notch activation-associated transformation of cancer cells into cancer stem cells, promotion of the EMT process, PI3K/Akt, MEK/ERK and NF-κB activation, enhancement of ABC transporter protein expression, and TME alteration in mediating tumor drug resistance.

Gut diazotrophs in lagomorphs are associated with season but not altitude and host phylogeny.

Invertebrates such as termites feeding on nutrient-poor substrate receive essential nitrogen by biological nitrogen fixation of gut diazotrophs. However, the diversity and composition of gut diazotrophs of vertebrates such as Plateau pikas living in nutrient-poor Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remain unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, we studied gut diazotrophs of Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) and its related species, Daurian pikas (Ochotona daurica), Hares (Lepus europaeus) and Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) by high-throughput amplicon sequencing methods.