High resolution acoustic telemetry reveals swim speeds and inferred field metabolic rates in juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias).

White sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) are the largest shark species to display regional endothermy. This capability likely facilitates exploitation of resources beyond thermal tolerance thresholds of potential sympatric competitors as well as sustained elevated swim speeds, but results in increased metabolic costs of adults, which has been documented in different studies. Little, however, is known of the metabolic requirements in free-swimming juveniles of the species, due to their large size at birth and challenges in measuring their oxygen consumption rates in captivity.

Clinical profiles and factors associated with treatment initiation in survivors of sex trafficking: A comparison with survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault.

Objective: Little is known about formal help-seeking for mental health issues in survivors of human sex trafficking (ST) and if their experiences are different from those initiating treatment for sexual assault (SA) or domestic violence (DV). This study sought to characterize the clinical and trauma profiles of treatment-seeking survivors of ST as compared with DV and SA and the predictors of mental health treatment initiation in these three groups.

Method: The research was based on a secondary data analysis of data gathered from 1,264 treatment-seeking adults from a community mental health treatment facility in the United States.

Observations of a species-record deep dive by a central Pacific female scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini).

A female scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) conducted a species record deep dive to 1240 m in coastal-pelagic waters off Hawaii Island. This extends the deepest known depth range of the species by over 200 m (650 ft) and highlights the question of the extent to which deep-diving activity is mediated by physiological constraints, such as temperature and oxygen availability.

Siblings and Early Childhood Development: Evidence from a Population-Based Cohort in Preschoolers from Shanghai.

(1) Background: The current study aims to investigate the association between the presence of a sibling and early childhood development (ECD). (2) Methods: Data were obtained from a large-scale population-based cohort in Shanghai. Children were followed from three to six years old.

Predicting Violent Reoffending in Individuals Released From Prison in a Lower-Middle-Income Country: A Validation of OxRec in Tajikistan.

Background: Although around 70% of the world's prison population live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), risk assessment tools for criminal recidivism have been developed and validated in high-income countries (HICs). Validating such tools in LMIC settings is important for the risk management of people released from prison, development of evidence-based intervention programmes, and effective allocation of limited resources.

Methods: We aimed to externally validate a scalable risk assessment tool, the Oxford Risk of Recidivism (OxRec) tool, which was developed in Sweden, using data from a cohort of people released from prisons in Tajikistan.

Electromyographic Examination of Hip and Knee Extension Hex Bar Exercises Varied by Starting Knee and Torso Angles.

Unlabelled: Variations of the deadlift can be executed using the hexagonal (hex) bar by altering, for instance, the knee and torso angles while maintaining a constant hip angle at the start position.

Purpose: To examine muscle activation patterns of the biceps femoris, rectus femoris, and erector spinae during three deadlift variations using the hex bar.

Methods: Twenty resistance-trained male and female subjects performed hex bar deadlift variations in three different starting knee flexion positions: 128.

Nutrition Education Curriculum Promotes Adolescent Runners' Self-Efficacy, Knowledge, and Intake of Nutrient-Rich Carbohydrate Foods.

Background: Endurance runners exhibit an elevated prevalence of low bone mass and characteristics consistent with undernourishment.

Objective: This quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design study evaluated the efficacy of a 4-week nutrition education curriculum to optimize nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and the intake of nutrient-rich carbohydrate foods.

Methods: Forty-eight adolescent endurance runners, age 15.

Dose-Response Association Between Physical Activity (Daily MIMS, Peak 30-Minute MIMS) and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: NHANES 2011-2014.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the dose-response association between habitual physical activity (PA) and cognitive function using a nationally representative data set of U.S. older adults aged ≥60 years.

Care v. Caring: Obligation, Duty, and Love Among Latino Alzheimer's Family Caregivers.

The number of Latinos living with Alzheimer's disease is projected to grow. Latinos currently make one-fifth of U.S.

Administration of Exendin-4 but not CCK alters lick responses and trial initiation to sucrose and intralipid during brief-access tests.

Administration of cholecystokinin (CCK) or the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist Exendin-4 (Ex-4) reduces food intake. Findings in the literature suggest CCK reduces intake primarily as a satiety signal whereas GLP-1 may play a role in both satiety and reward-related feeding signals. Compounds that humans describe as âsweetâ and âfattyâ are palatable yet are signaled via separate transduction pathways.

Stress overload in first-generation college students: Implications for intervention.

First-generation college students (FGCS), those whose parents never obtained a baccalaureate, are disadvantaged relative to continuing generation college students (CGCS) in regard to academic performance and health status. The literature documents myriad challenges facing FGCS, in the form of both adjustment demands and limited resources. Stress overload, the pathogenic form of stress, occurs when demands overwhelm coping resources.

Mammals adjust diel activity across gradients of urbanization.

Time is a fundamental component of ecological processes. How animal behavior changes over time has been explored through well-known ecological theories like niche partitioning and predator-prey dynamics. Yet, changes in animal behavior within the shorter 24-hr light-dark cycle have largely gone unstudied.

Kinetics, Kinematics, and Fixed Postures: An Exploration of How Attentional Focus Manipulation Enhances Movement.

There is debate in the literature regarding how manipulating the focus of attention (FOA) influences ground reaction forces during the standing long jump (SLJ) and gaps in understanding as to which phases of the SLJ are affected (takeoff, flight, and landing) and whether FOA manipulation benefits remain when tasks are performed in fixed body postures. This study compared SLJ performance under external (EXT) and internal (INT) FOA conditions with free and fixed postures. Twenty participants performed SLJs under EXT and INT FOA conditions while being allowed to swing arms freely and having to keep hands on their hips.

Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Photopolymerization for High-Resolution 3D Printing.

Two-photon polymerization (TPP) currently offers the highest resolution available in 3D printing (∼100 nm) but requires femtosecond laser pulses at very high peak intensity (∼1 TW/cm). Here, we demonstrate 3D printing based on triplet-triplet-annihilation photopolymerization (TTAP), which achieves submicron resolution while using a continuous visible LED light source with comparatively low light intensity (∼10 W/cm). TTAP enables submicrometer feature sizes with exposure times of ∼0.

Preparing Undergraduate Students for Summer Research Experiences and Graduate School Applications in a Pandemic Environment: Development and Implementation of Online Modules.

Engaging students in research is a high impact practice that improves student retention and persistence in behavioral and biomedical sciences and engineering. The California State University Long Beach (CSULB) Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) Program offers an intensive research training experience to undergraduate students from a wide range of health-related disciplines. The goal of this program is to provide students with research skills, psychosocial resources, and graduate school application guidance that will make them competitive for Ph.

Advancing Inclusive Mentoring Through an Online Mentor Training Program and Coordinated Discussion Group.

Mentoring is key to ensure success of the high impact practice of undergraduate-led research and scholarly activities; however, most faculty and staff members are not trained in the best practices of mentoring undergraduate students. The National Institutes of Health-funded Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (NIH BUILD) Initiative at California State University Long Beach is developing an online mentor training program with a coordinated discussion group to refine mentoring skills across faculty and staff from all disciplines. Faculty and staff members participated in two pilots of the Advancing Inclusive Mentoring (AIM) Program, where participants watched training videos and came together to discuss mentoring: either face-to-face (spring 2020) or virtually (fall 2020).

Developing Academic Engagement Through a Virtual Week of Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity: Rethinking Collaboration.

The goal of having a Week of Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity (RSCA) virtual event was to highlight and acknowledge the valuable array of research, scholarly, and creative activities that are currently being done across the entire campus at California State University Long Beach (CSULB). There's no doubt that in 2020 and 2021, our lives have been impacted in a multitude of ways. The COVID-19 global pandemic placed restrictions on in-person gatherings that forced many to rely on virtual meetings.

The Annual BUILD Snapshot: Tracking Alumni Outcomes.

As the number of alumni of the CSULB BUILD Student Training Program continues to grow, it has become vital to develop a systematic way to track each trainee's graduate school enrollment and persistence. Developing a system that tracks post-graduate outcomes is not only important for determining the success of the program, but it also creates opportunities for the program to continue supporting its former trainees. A major challenge to tracking is that alumni are not very engaged in the process.

College students' perceptions of telemental health to address their mental health needs.

To understand the feasibility of using telehealth for mental health services among college students. College students ( = 16) attending a university in Southern California, 18 years or older, and living in the residential halls. Two face-to-face semi-structured focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured moderator guide.

Automaticity and cognitive control in bilingual and translation expertise.

It has been observed that different linguistic experiences might exert a differential effect on general cognitive processes. For example, research has shown that language control in professional translation differs from language control applied to other types of bilingual activities. The present study focuses on the construct of automaticity and aims at determining whether different linguistic experiences might modulate the balance between automaticity and cognitive control at the general cognitive level.

Dropout from evidence-based trauma treatment in a community mental health clinic serving victims of interpersonal violence.

Trauma-focused psychotherapies are increasingly offered in community-based mental health centers, but little is known about treatment dropout in these settings. The current study explored dropout at different stages of treatment in a treatment-seeking sample of 1,186 adults who experienced interpersonal violence and were offered trauma-focused and non-trauma-focused therapies. A total of 31.