Insulin and TLR4 Inhibitor Improve Motor Impairments in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Insulin resistance is an important pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Proinflammatory cytokines during neuroinflammation decrease insulin sensitivity by suppressing insulin signaling elements. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the main receptor involved in neuroinflammation, is also associated with the pathogenesis of PD.

The effectiveness of real-life cognitive and physical interventions on cognitive functioning in healthy older adults: A systematic review of the effects of education and training duration.

Physical and cognitive interventions are deemed the primary methods of improving cognitive functioning in healthy older adults. However, the effectiveness of these interventions is still debated. This systematic review, synthesised findings from the literature on four different types of interventions: physical activities, cognitive training, cognitive stimulation and a combined intervention.

Cavernous Sinus Syndrome in a Traumatic Dissecting Aneurysm of the Internal Carotid Artery.

We report a rare case of a missed intracavernous internal carotid artery dissecting aneurysm occurring as a complication of the base of skull fracture with severe brain injury causing acute cavernous sinus syndrome with permanent vision loss. A 31-year-old Myanmar lady had an alleged motor vehicle accident and suffered severe traumatic brain injury with multiple intracranial bleeds, multiple facial bone and base of skull fractures, and limb fractures. At one week post-trauma, she had severe right eye proptosis with vision loss, ophthalmoplegia, chemosis, and high intraocular pressure.

Interleukin-6 Modulation in Ovarian Cancer Necessitates a Targeted Strategy: From the Approved to Emerging Therapies.

Despite significant advances in treatments, ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most prevalent and lethal gynecological cancers in women. The frequent detection at the advanced stages has contributed to low survival rates, resistance to various treatments, and disease recurrence. Thus, a more effective approach is warranted to combat OC.

Accuracy of Radiomics in the Identification of Extrathyroidal Extension and BRAF Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Rationale And Objectives: Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) increase mortality and recurrence risk. Preoperative identification presents considerable challenges. Although radiomics has emerged as a potential tool for identifying ETE and BRAF mutation, systematic evidence supporting its effectiveness remains insufficient.

Thymoquinone-Incorporated CollaGee Biomatrix: A Promising Approach for Full-Thickness Wound Healing.

Wound infection is the leading cause of delayed wound healing. Despite ongoing research, the ideal treatment for full-thickness skin wounds is yet to be achieved. Skin tissue engineering provides an alternative treatment, with the potential for skin regeneration.

Parents' knowledge and practices of child eye health care: A scoping review.

Background: Treating children's eyes is not just a privilege for a child, it is an essential requirement for their visual health. Parents, as caregivers, have a paramount responsibility to make decisions regarding their children's eye health. Thus, this review aims to identify and summarise published information about parents' knowledge and practices on children's eye health care.

Association Between 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Adiposity in Malaysian Schoolchildren: A Compositional Isotemporal Substitution Analysis.

Background: Physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are interrelated 24-hour movement behaviors that are important for the growth and well-being of children. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between 24-hour movement behaviors and adiposity, and predicted changes in adiposity following compositional time reallocations in 7- to 12.9-year-old Malaysian children from the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys II Malaysia.

Brain functional alteration and cognitive performance in cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review of fMRI studies.

Background: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a useful tool to evaluate brain inefficiencies secondary to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); nevertheless, limited fMRI studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of CVDs on brain functional changes and cognitive function. This systematic review aims to explore, synthesise, and report fMRI outcomes (resting state and task-based) and cognitive performance in patients with CVDs.

Methods: Two reviewers independently searched published literature until April 2024 on ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Saddle Pulmonary Embolism Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Rare Incidence.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition that occurs due to the blockage of the pulmonary artery by blood clots. The occurrence of PE after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is quite rare. Individuals with a history of PE have a high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Assessing the built environment through photographs and its association with obesity in 21 countries: the PURE Study.

Background: The built environment can influence human health, but the available evidence is modest and almost entirely from urban communities in high-income countries. Here we aimed to analyse built environment characteristics and their associations with obesity in urban and rural communities in 21 countries at different development levels participating in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.

Methods: Photographs were acquired with a standardised approach.

Effect of mindfulness-based meditation on blood pressure among adults with elevated blood pressure and hypertension: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Hypertension is a leading contributor to cardiovascular disorders globally. There has been a recent upsurge in non-pharmacological management involving mindfulness-based meditation (MBM) in lowering blood pressure (BP) among the hypertensive population; however, the level of supportive evidence among patients primarily diagnosed with hypertension remain limited. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of MBM on BP explicitly in adults primarily diagnosed with elevated blood pressure or hypertension.

Eco-friendly natural rubber-based hydrogel loaded with nano-fertilizer as soil conditioner and improved plant growth.

This study addresses the dual challenge of agricultural cost and waste management by harnessing agrarian waste to produce nano-fertilizers (NF) to enhance crop yield while mitigating environmental impacts. Recognizing the limitations of traditional hydrogels' non-biodegradability and their inability to sustain root zone moisture and nutrient levels, we developed an LNR/AAc/pectin hydrogel. This innovative hydrogel offers a viable solution that provides a consistent NF supply and improves water retention efficiently.

Anti- COVID-19 drug discovery by flavonoid derivatives: an extensive computational drug design approach.

The present study deals with the in-silico analyses of several flavonoid derivatives to explore COVID-19 through pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, drug-likeness, and ADME properties. The initial literature study revealed that many flavonoids, including luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and baicalin may be useful against SARS β-coronaviruses, prompting the selection of their potential derivatives to investigate their abilities as inhibitors of COVID-19. The findings were streamlined using in silico molecular docking, which revealed promising energy-binding interactions between all flavonoid derivatives and the targeted protein.

Machine learning-based prognostic model for 30-day mortality prediction in Sepsis-3.

Background: Sepsis poses a critical threat to hospitalized patients, particularly those in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Rapid identification of Sepsis is crucial for improving survival rates. Machine learning techniques offer advantages over traditional methods for predicting outcomes.

Short-term effect of a moderate-potency topical corticosteroid on epidermal biophysical parameters in patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis: A randomised controlled study.

Introduction: Skin barrier dysfunction is an important component of atopic dermatitis (AD) pathophysiology. Topical corticosteroids (TCSs) are the mainstay therapy, but steroid phobia is emerging due to potential side effects. We aimed to determine the short-term effect of clobetasone butyrate on patients with AD.

Medical aesthetic awareness among public in Malaysia and the factors that may influence it: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Medical aesthetic practice is growing rapidly in Malaysia due to rising market demand, yet public understanding of these practices remains limited. This study evaluated the awareness and attitudes towards medical aesthetics among Malaysians.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among individuals aged > 18 years old in Malaysia from December 2021 to May 2022.

Impact of Pilates Exercise on Quality of Life, Functional Capacity, Cancer-related Fatigue, Depression and Salivary Cortisol of Colorectal Cancer Survivors: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Pilates exercise on the quality of life, functional capacity, cancer-related fatigue, depression and salivary cortisol of colorectal cancer survivors.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study which was conducted at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), and Hospital Al-Sultan Abdullah, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia. The intervention group performed Pilates exercises with a certified Pilates instructor for eight weeks via online streaming from the participants' homes.

NeuroAiD-II (MLC901) Promoted Neurogenesis by Activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway in Rat Spinal Cord Injury Models.

Traumatic damage to the spinal cord (SCI) frequently leads to irreversible neurological deficits, which may be related to apoptotic neurodegeneration in nerve tissue. The MLC901 treatment possesses neuroprotective and neuroregenerative activity. This study aimed to explore the regenerative potential of MLC901 and the molecular mechanisms promoting neurogenesis and functional recovery after SCI in rats.