Structural insights into glucose-6-phosphate recognition and hydrolysis by human G6PC1.

The glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) is an integral membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and plays a vital role in glucose homeostasis. Dysregulation or genetic mutations of G6Pase are associated with diabetes and glycogen storage disease 1a (GSD-1a). Studies have characterized the biophysical and biochemical properties of G6Pase; however, the structure and substrate recognition mechanism of G6Pase remain unclear.

Decoding the Role of Kinesin Superfamily Proteins in Glioma Progression.

Glioma is a highly aggressive and invasive brain tumor with limited treatment options, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) are a diverse group of motor proteins that play essential roles in cellular processes such as mitosis, intracellular transport, and signal transduction, all of which are crucial for tumorigenesis. This review focuses on the multifaceted role of KIFs in glioma, examining their clinical relevance, contribution to tumor progression, and potential as therapeutic targets.

Trends in the Developmental Gradient in Mothers' Parenting Time by Maternal Education, 2003-2019.

Educational disparities in mothers' parenting time have implications for socioeconomic inequality in children's resources and later life attainment. The reproduction of inequality could be more consequential if educational disparities are most pronounced at child ages when a specific parenting need is more developmentally important. Following recent findings suggesting a general reduction in the educational gradient in mothers' overall parenting time, this study aims to determine if this convergence extends to the developmental gradient in parenting.

A GIS-based on application of Monte Carlo and multi-criteria decision-making approach for site suitability analysis of solar-hydrogen production: Case of Cameroon.

This article analyzes and compares three methodologies for identifying suitable regions for solar hydrogen production using photovoltaic panels: AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), FAHP (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process), and MC-FAHP (Monte Carlo FAHP), integrated with GIS (Geographic Information Systems). The study employs ten criteria across technical (Global Horizontal Irradiance, temperature, slope, elevation, orientation), economic (distance from transportation and electrical networks), and social (population density, proximity to residential areas) factors. Environmental and exclusion criteria define restrictive zones.

Cancer incidence and the influence of immunosuppressive agents in Korean patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: To investigate cancer incidence and the potential influence of immunosuppressive agents in Korean systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis utilizing data from the Korea Healthcare Bigdata Linked Platform, which integrated the National Central Cancer Registry and National Health Insurance Service databases covering the period 2008-2017. Incidence rates (IRs) per 10,000 person-years (PYs) for site-specific cancers of SLE patients were calculated using ICD-O-3 codes.

Automated Detection of Cancer-Suspicious Findings in Japanese Radiology Reports with Natural Language Processing: A Multicenter Study.

Missed critical imaging findings, particularly those indicating cancer, are a common issue that can result in delays in patient follow-up and treatment. To address this, we developed a rule-based natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to detect cancer-suspicious findings from Japanese radiology reports. The dataset used consisted of chest and abdomen CT reports from six institutions.

Neuroimaging stratification reveals the striatal vulnerability to stress as a risk for schizophrenia.

The striatum, a core brain structure relevant for schizophrenia, exhibits heterogeneous volumetric changes in this illness. Due to this heterogeneity, its role in the risk of developing schizophrenia following exposure to environmental stress remains poorly understood. Using the putamen (a subnucleus of the striatum) as an indicator for convergent genetic risk of schizophrenia, 63 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients (22.

Purinergic inhibitory regulation of esophageal smooth muscle is mediated by P2Y receptors and ATP-dependent potassium channels in rats.

Purines such as ATP are regulatory transmitters in motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The aims of this study were to propose functional roles of purinergic regulation of esophageal motility. An isolated segment of the rat esophagus was placed in an organ bath, and mechanical responses were recorded using a force transducer.

Tango1L but not Tango1S, Tali and cTAGE5 is required for export of type II collagen in medaka fish.

Newly synthesized proteins destined for the secretory pathway are folded and assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then transported to the Golgi apparatus via COPII vesicles, which are normally 60-90 nm. COPII vesicles must accordingly be enlarged to accommodate proteins larger than 90 nm, such as long-chain collagen. Key molecules involved in this enlargement are Tango1 and Tango1-like (Tali), which are transmembrane proteins in the ER encoded by the MIA3 and MIA2 genes, respectively.

Citrus diseases detection using innovative deep learning approach and Hybrid Meta-Heuristic.

Citrus farming is one of the major agricultural sectors of Pakistan and currently represents almost 30% of total fruit production, with its highest concentration in Punjab. Although economically important, citrus crops like sweet orange, grapefruit, lemon, and mandarins face various diseases like canker, scab, and black spot, which lower fruit quality and yield. Traditional manual disease diagnosis is not only slow, less accurate, and expensive but also relies heavily on expert intervention.

Depressive Symptoms and Amyloid Pathology.

Importance: Depressive symptoms are associated with cognitive decline in older individuals. Uncertainty about underlying mechanisms hampers diagnostic and therapeutic efforts. This large-scale study aimed to elucidate the association between depressive symptoms and amyloid pathology.

Boosting the catalytic efficiency of UGT51 for efficient production of rare ginsenoside Rh2.

Ginsenoside Rh2(S) is well-known for its therapeutic potential against diverse conditions, including some cancers, inflammation, and diabetes. The enzymatic activity of uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase 51 (UGT51) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae plays a pivotal role in the glycosylation process between UDP-glucose (donor) and protopanaxadiol (acceptor), to form ginsenoside Rh2. However, the catalytic efficiency of the UGT51 has remained a challenging task.

HER2 Status in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Carcinomas: Evaluation of Histopathological Fingings, Paired ResectionBiopsy Specimens, and the Effect of Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Single Center Study.

Background/aims: Accurately determining the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is crucial in identifying suitable candidates for targeted therapy in gastric cancer, considering the cost and potential side effects of anti-HER2 treatments. This study aimed to assess HER2 overexpression/amplification prevalence in gastric and gastroesophageal cancer patients, its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics, and the consistency of HER2 status between biopsy and radical specimens.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from 667 specimens of 600 gastric/gastroesophageal cancer patients at Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine from 2012 to 2021.

A customized convolutional neural network-based approach for weeds identification in cotton crops.

Smart farming is a hot research area for experts globally to fulfill the soaring demand for food. Automated approaches, based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), for crop disease identification, weed classification, and monitoring have substantially helped increase crop yields. Plant diseases and pests are posing a significant danger to the health of plants, thus causing a reduction in crop production.

Corrigendum: Person-based design and evaluation of MIA, a digital medical interview assistant for radiology.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frai.2024.

Adverse childhood experiences and health outcomes: a 20-year real-world study.

Introduction: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to traumatic life events occurred in childhood that comprise abuse (e.g., psychological, physical, sexual), neglect (psychological and physical), indirect violence or household dysfunctions.

Does Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use Modify All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Associated with PM and Its Components? A Nationally Representative Cohort Study (2007-2017).

Several studies reported that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use could alleviate subclinical effects of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM). However, whether chronic NSAID use could mitigate the long-term effects of PM and its components on population mortality has been unknown. Based on a national representative survey of 47,086 adults (2007-2010) with follow-up information on the primary cause of death (until 2017), we investigated the long-term associations of PM and its major components, including black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH ), nitrate (NO ), organic matter (OM), and sulfate (SO ), with all-cause and cause-specific mortality using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Combined T1-weighted MRI and diffusion MRI tractography of paraventricular, locus coeruleus, and dorsal vagal complex connectivity in brainstem-hypothalamic nuclei.

Background: Current multimodal neuroimaging plays a critical role in studying clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, major depression, and other disorders related to chronic stress. These conditions involve the brainstem-hypothalamic network, specifically the locus coeruleus (LC), dorsal vagal complex (DVC), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, collectively referred to as the "DVC-LC-PVN circuitry." This circuitry is strongly associated with the norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) neurotransmitter systems, which are implicated in the regulation of key autonomic functions, such as cardiovascular and respiratory control, stress response, and cognitive and emotional behaviors.

Exploring the ability of plasma pTau217, pTau181 and beta-amyloid in mirroring cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profile of Mild Cognitive Impairment by the fully automated Lumipulse platform.

Background: The approval of new disease-modifying therapies by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency makes it necessary to optimize non-invasive and cost-effective tools for the identification of subjects at-risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

Impact of TP53 alteration on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes for myelodysplastic syndromes.

The poor outcome of TP53 alteration has been reported in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. However, the role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in TP53 alteration patients remains debated. Previous studies showed that TP53 mutations had no effect on the prognosis of patients with acute leukemia after haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT).

Design of an integrated model with temporal graph attention and transformer-augmented RNNs for enhanced anomaly detection.

It is important in the rising demands to have efficient anomaly detection in camera surveillance systems for improving public safety in a complex environment. Most of the available methods usually fail to capture the long-term temporal dependencies and spatial correlations, especially in dynamic multi-camera settings. Also, many traditional methods rely heavily on large labeled datasets, generalizing poorly when encountering unseen anomalies in the process.