Glucagon-like peptide 1 infusions overcome anabolic resistance to feeding in older human muscle.

Background: Despite its known insulin-independent effects, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) role in muscle protein turnover has not been explored under fed-state conditions or in the context of older age, when declines in insulin sensitivity and protein anabolism, as well as losses of muscle mass and function, occur.

Methods: Eight older-aged men (71 ± 1 year, mean ± SEM) were studied in a crossover trial. Baseline measures were taken over 3 hr, prior to a 3 hr postprandial insulin (~30 mIU ml ) and glucose (7-7.

Rehabilitation following shoulder arthroplasty in the United Kingdom National Health Service: A survey of publicly facing information.

Introduction: The prevalence of shoulder arthroplasty (SA) is rising, but there is limited research evaluating rehabilitation following SA and whether there is an optimal approach remains unknown. The aim of this study was to understand current National Health Service (NHS) practice for rehabilitation following SA as a platform for conducting much needed further research.

Methods: Two reviewers independently undertook electronic searches for publicly available information sheets (PIS) from websites of NHS Trusts that included detail about rehabilitation following SA, for example, duration of immobilisation.

Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: Results of Anatomic Repair with Polyester Tape Augmentation.

Background: Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in both athletes and the general population. A major problem accompanying ankle injury is the high rate of recurrence, with about 20% of acute ankle sprain patients developing chronic ankle instability. Unlike acute ankle sprain, chronic ankle instability usually needs surgical intervention.

The effect of oral essential amino acids on incretin hormone production in youth and ageing.

Background: The effect of substantive doses of essential amino acids (EAA) on incretin and insulin production, and the impact of age upon this effect, is ill-defined.

Methods: A 15-g oral EAA drink was administered to young (N = 8; 26 ± 4.4 years) and older (N = 8; 69 ± 3.

Kyphoplasty Augmentation in Thoracolumbar Spine - Clinical Outcomes after 2 Years.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY With the ageing of population the vertebral insufficiency fractures are increasing in number and occur ever more frequently. Symptomatic relief is often difficult to achieve by non-operative treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the level of pain relief and functional outcomes in patients who failed initial non-operative treatment and, because of persisting or growing symptoms, underwent kyphoplasty.