Long-term results after reconstruction of a new annulus in heavily calcified mitral annulus.

Background And Aim Of The Study: In 2009 our group described a new surgical technique for patients with severe mitral valve calcification undergoing mitral valve surgery. This technique creates a new mitral annulus with plication of the mitral leaflet and the atrial wall. Our objective is to report the long-term results of the experience at our institution.

Nosocomial Vs. Community-Acquired Infective Endocarditis in Spain: Location, Trends, Clinical Presentation, Etiology, and Survival in the 21st Century.

Major changes have occurred in the epidemiology and etiology of infective endocarditis (IE). Nevertheless, the differences between nosocomial infective endocarditis (NIE) and community-acquired infective endocarditis (CIE) have not been addressed in a population-based study. We conducted a retrospective, nationwide, temporal trend study from 1997 to 2014 analyzing the epidemiology, clinical, geographical, meteorological characteristics of patients diagnosed with IE in Spain, to distinguish NIE from CIE.

Impairment of Mitochondrial Redox Status in Peripheral Lymphocytes of Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Literature suggests that oxidative stress (OS) may be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), in which the immune system is known to play a key role. However, to date, the OS in peripheral lymphocytes and its contribution to the disease remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of OS in peripheral lymphocytes of MS patients.

The Overlooked Immune State in Candidemia: A Risk Factor for Mortality.

Lymphopenia has been related to increased mortality in septic patients. Nonetheless, the impact of lymphocyte count on candidemia mortality and prognosis has not been addressed. We conducted a retrospective study, including all admitted patients with candidemia from 2007 to 2016.

Dengue with Hemorrhagic Manifestations and Acute Pancreatitis: Case Report and Review.

Dengue fever is an acute viral disease transmitted by arthropods, which has become a major public health problem, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. We found 17 reported cases of dengue complicated with pancreatitis in the world literature, 13 cases were found in Asia, one in Europe, and two in Latin America. This is the first and an unusual case of dengue with hemorrhagic manifestations complicated with acute pancreatitis in Panama.

Effectiveness of the Combined Treatment of Functional Electrical Stimulation and Deambulation in Diabetic Arteriopathy.

Objective: To determine whether functional electrical stimulation (FES) is able to improve ischemic pain and quality of life of patients with diabetic arteriopathy (DA) in grade-IIa Leriche-Le Fontaine.

Material And Methods: This is a single-blinded, randomized, prospective cohort study. We included patients diagnosed with grade-IIa Leriche-Le Fontaine peripheral arterial disease in both lower extremities with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).

Ductus Venosus Agenesis as a Marker of Pallister-Killian Syndrome.

The ductus venosus (DV) is a shunt that allows the direct flow of well-oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein (UV) to the coronary and cerebral circulation through the foramen ovale. Its agenesis has been associated with chromosomal abnormalities and rare genetic syndromes, structural defects, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and even antepartum fetal demise. Pallister-Killian Syndrome (PKS) is a rare sporadic disorder with specific tissue mosaic distribution of an extra 12p isochromosome (i(12p)).

Quality assurance in specialized headache units in Spain: an observational prospective study.

Objective: To assess the quality of the therapeutic approach in Specialized Headache Units in Spain.

Methods: An observational (prospective) study was conducted. Anonymized data of 313 consecutive patients during a defined period of time were analyzed and a comparison of performance in 13 consensual quality indicators between Specialized Headache Units and neurology consultations was calculated.

Social cognition in psychosis: Predictors and effects of META-cognitive training.

Social cognition deficits are found in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but its neural underpinnings are poorly understood. Given the complexity of psychological functions underlying this kind of cognition, we hypothesized that alterations in global structural connectivity could contribute to those deficits. To test this hypothesis, we studied a group of schizophrenia and bipolar patients with connectomics based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and assessments of general and social cognition.

Novel presenilin 1 mutation (p.Thr-Pro116-117Ser-Thr) in a Spanish family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) is a γ-secretase component, which is in charge of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage. APP is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PSEN1 mutations are the most important causes of familial AD, being related to the earlier onset and rapid progression of the disease.

Presumed solitary circumscribed retinal astrocytic proliferation: a lesion that can regress.

A 56-year-old woman had an yellow-white retinal lesion superior to the optic disc. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated the mass with a snowball configuration and smooth surface. Autofluorescence disclosed revealed moderate hypoautofluorescence.

Epicrania Fugax as the presenting symptom of a cerebellar abscess.

Background: Epicrania fugax is included in the appendix of the International Classification of Headache Disorders and is characterized as recurrent brief attacks of linear or zigzag pain moving across the cranial surface, commencing and terminating in the distribution of different nerves. We present a new case of epicrania fugax in which the headache was the presenting symptom of a cerebellar abscess.

Case Report: We present a 58-year-old woman with prior history of Chiari I malformation who underwent suboccipital craniectomy.

Cerebral Oxygen Saturation and Negative Postoperative Behavioral Changes in Pediatric Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate if an intraoperative cerebral regional oxygen saturation (crSO) decrease, less pronounced than 20% below baseline (the current threshold believed to be associated with cognitive dysfunction in adults), is associated with negative postoperative behavioral changes (NPOBC) in the pediatric population after noncardiac surgeries.

Study Design: A prospective observational study was conducted with 198 children aged 2-12 years old scheduled for noncardiac procedures under general anesthesia. Intraoperatively, crSO was monitored with a cerebral oximeter.

Obesity and its cardiovascular effects.

Obesity is described in terms of body fat percentage or body mass index (BMI), despite the fact that these measures do not give full insight about the body fat distribution. It is presently a consistently growing universal challenge since it has tripled in the last 10 years, killing approximately 28 million people each year. In this review, we aim to clarify the different results of obesity on the working and physiology of the cardiovascular system and to reveal changes in the obesity "paradox"-a variety of cardiovascular outcomes in typical/overweight people.

Analysis of KCNH2 and CACNA1C schizophrenia risk genes on EEG functional network modulation during an auditory odd-ball task.

A deficit in task-related functional connectivity modulation from electroencephalogram (EEG) has been described in schizophrenia. The use of measures of neuronal connectivity as an intermediate phenotype may allow identifying genetic factors involved in these deficits, and therefore, establishing underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Genes involved in neuronal excitability and previously associated with the risk for schizophrenia may be adequate candidates in relation to functional connectivity alterations in schizophrenia.

Prognostic value of lactate in prehospital care as a predictor of early mortality.

Background: Prehospital Emergency Medical Services must attend to patients with complex physiopathological situations with little data and in the shortest possible time. The objective of this work was to study lactic acid values and their usefulness in the prehospital setting to help in clinical decision-making.

Study Design: We conducted a longitudinal prospective, observational study on patients over 18 years of age who, after being evaluated by the Advanced Life Support Unit, were taken to the hospital between April and June 2018.

Postoperative kidney oxygen saturation as a novel marker for acute kidney injury after adult cardiac surgery.

Objective: Acute kidney injury is a severe complication and one of the stronger risk factors for death in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The relationship between postoperative brain oxygen saturation and kidney oxygen saturation with acute kidney injury in adults undergoing cardiac surgery has not been determined. We designed a single-center prospective study to determine if the continuous monitoring of postoperative brain oxygen saturation and kidney oxygen saturation could predict postoperative acute kidney injury.

A Unique Case of Horner's Syndrome Following Subintimal Haematoma Within an Atherosclerotic Plaque.

We describe a patient with Horner's syndrome caused by an extensive intraparietal hematoma in the wall of the internal carotid artery confused with an arterial dissection. Detection of such pathology instead of dissection or arteritis is important as the management is different. As far as the authors know, it is the first case in which a haematoma within an atherosclerotic plaque is clinically related Horner's syndrome.