Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of the Risk of Sudden Death in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: What Is Extensive or Significant Late Gadolinium Enhancement?

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis involves a significant but difficult-to-define risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Current guidelines recommend consideration of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for patients with extensive or significant myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. However, extensive/significant LGE is not defined.

Association Between Self-Reported Oral Health and Dental Fear Among Illicit Drug Users in Northern Finland.

Objectives: About 10% of adults in northern Finland have severe dental fear, but there is a lack of detailed knowledge about dental fear among illicit drug users. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental fear and its association with self-reported oral health and health behavior as well as background factors of the customers of substance abuse services living in the region of Oulu, Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland.

Materials And Methods: One hundred seventeen volunteers, either active or former illicit drug users, were interviewed face-to-face about their background factors, health and health behaviors, and use of illicit drugs.

Psychiatric Comorbidities of Childhood-onset Atopic Dermatitis in Relation to Eczema Severity: A Register-based Study among 28,000 Subjects in Finland.

Data on the severity of childhood-onset atopic dermatitis (AD) in relation to psychiatric comorbidities is scarce, even though AD predisposes to psychiatric comorbidities and the commonness of childhood-onset AD and its significance in disease progression are recognized. The purpose of this nationwide, register-based study of child patients diagnosed with AD in Finland between 1987 and 2017 was to determine how psychiatric comorbidities of AD patients differ depending on the disease severity of childhood-onset AD. AD severity was assessed by purchased AD treatment and risk of comorbidities was analyzed by the age of 18 and 30 years.

Cardiac autonomic responses in relation to cognitive workload during simulated military flight.

Understanding the operator's cognitive workload is crucial for efficiency and safety in human-machine systems. This study investigated how cognitive workload modulates cardiac autonomic regulation during a standardized military simulator flight. Military student pilots completed simulated flight tasks in a Hawk flight simulator.

30-Year Trends in the Incidence, Characteristics, and Outcome of Cardiac Sarcoidosis in a Nationwide Cohort.

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a rare but potentially fatal inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: The authors studied temporal changes in the incidence, characteristics, and outcome of CS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of a 30-year nationwide cohort of CS.

Comparing tooth development timing between ethnic groups, excluding nutritional and environmental influences.

The timing of dental development in ethnic Finns and Somalis, who were born and living in Finland, was compared, with efforts to minimize environmental bias. The developmental status of seven lower left permanent teeth were staged according to Demirjian et al., using panoramic radiographs from 2,100 Finnish and 808 Somali females and males, aged 2 to 23 years.

The bidirectional relationships of optimism and pessimism with depressive symptoms in adulthood - A 15-year follow-up study from Northern Finland Birth Cohorts.

Background: Low optimism and high pessimism have predicted depressive symptoms in several studies, but the associations in the other direction, from depressive symptoms to future optimism and pessimism, have been unexplored. We examined bidirectional associations of optimism and pessimism with depressive symptoms in adulthood.

Methods: A population-based sample of 4011 Finnish adults (55 % women) was analyzed with a 15-year prospective follow-up period from age 31 to age 46.

Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus present an accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors at age 46-A birth cohort study.

Introduction: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is globally increasing, and it has been associated with later type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, long-term population-based studies investigating common CVD risk factors years after pregnancy are lacking. To evaluate the future mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, we conducted a thorough investigation of midlife risk factors in women with and without previous GDM.

Perceived coaches' health promotion activity, maintenance of participation in sports, and lifestyle habits among emerging adults: a four-year follow-up study.

Objectives: This study focused on how adolescents' perceptions of coaches' health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored.

Materials And Methods: Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19.

Antipsychotic medications and sleep problems in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Sleep problems are common and related to a worse quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Almost all patients with schizophrenia use antipsychotic medications, which usually increase sleep. Still, the differences in subjective sleep outcomes between different antipsychotic medications are not entirely clear.

Visual memory and alcohol use in a middle-aged birth cohort.

Light and moderate alcohol use has been reported to be associated with both impaired and enhanced cognition. The purpose of this study was to explore whether there was a linear relationship between visual memory and alcohol consumption in males and females in a large middle-aged birth cohort population in cross-sectional and longitudinal settings. Data were collected from 5585 participants completing 31-year (1997-1998) and 46-year (2012-2014) follow-ups including Paired Associate Learning (PAL) test at 46-years follow-up.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Hidradenitis Suppurativa in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 Study: A Cross-sectional Study of 2,775 Subjects.

A negative stigmatization related to hidradenitis suppurativa may prevent patients from seeking care. Thus, a large proportion of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa may be missing from studies based on hospital data. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of hidradenitis suppurativa among 2,775 subjects in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 Study (NFBC1986), who were in their mid-thirties.

Mechanisms of thyrotropin receptor-mediated phenotype variability deciphered by gene mutations and M453T-knockin model.

The clinical spectrum of thyrotropin receptor-mediated (TSHR-mediated) diseases varies from loss-of-function mutations causing congenital hypothyroidism to constitutively active mutations (CAMs) leading to nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH). Variation at the TSHR locus has also been associated with altered lipid and bone metabolism and autoimmune thyroid diseases. However, the extrathyroidal roles of TSHR and the mechanisms underlying phenotypic variability among TSHR-mediated diseases remain unclear.

The diagnostic cut-off points for components of sarcopenia in Finnish Caucasian women: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic cut-off values of components for sarcopenia in Caucasian women.

Methods: The present retrospective cross-sectional study based on the REFERENCE sample included 400 healthy women aged 20 to 40 years, and the OSTPRE sample included 344 women aged 63 to 75. The subjects of the OSTPRE population were re-measured five and ten years later after the baseline.

Association of Rosacea with Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms: A General Population Study.

Background: The association between rosacea and psychiatric comorbidity has been reported previously. However, there is a lack of general population studies about this subject area.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to the association between rosacea with depressive and anxiety symptoms at the population level.

Psychosocial and health behavioural characteristics of longitudinal physical activity patterns: a cohort study from adolescence to young adulthood.

Background: The decline in physical activity (PA) during adolescence is well-established. However, while some subgroups of adolescents follow the general pattern of decreased activity, others increase or maintain high or low activity. The correlates and determinants of different PA patterns may vary, offering valuable information for targeted health promotion.

Genome-wide association study identifies novel caries-associated loci showing sex-specificity-A study on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

A genome-wide association study was performed in sex-stratified groups representing three different caries phenotypes among adults. The study sample consisted of 46-year-old participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study (n = 1481). The phenotypes for analyses were the dentin caries phenotype (persons having at least one tooth with dentin caries lesion), and the enamel caries phenotype (those having teeth with more than 10 enamel caries lesions), while the control group had <10 enamel caries lesions and no teeth with dentin caries, respectively.

Mucins 3A and 3B Are Expressed in the Epithelium of Human Large Airway.

Aberrant mucus secretion is a hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Expression of the membrane-tethered mucins 3A and 3B (MUC3A, MUC3B) in human lung is largely unknown. In this observational cross-sectional study, we recruited subjects 45-65 years old from the general population of Stockholm, Sweden, during the years 2007-2011.

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Profile of Subjects with Acne in a Cohort of Middle-aged Patients: A General Population Study of 1,932 Subjects.

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases, but there are few studies of adult acne and its association with general health. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of adult acne at the population level among 1,932 subjects belonging to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study. In addition, cardiovascular and metabolic profiles of acne cases and their controls were analysed.

Use of pointing in parent-child interactions by hearing children of deaf and hearing parents: A follow-up from 1- to 3-years of age.

Pointing plays a significant role in communication and language development. However, in spoken languages pointing has been viewed as a non-verbal gesture, whereas in sign languages, pointing is regarded to represent a linguistic unit of language. This study compared the use of pointing between seven bilingual hearing children of deaf parents (Kids of Deaf Adults [KODAs]) interacting with their deaf parents and five hearing children interacting with their hearing parents.

Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence.

Purpose: To examine the associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods: This cohort study encompassed 250 participants recruited from sports clubs and schools, and examined at mean age 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (via a data-driven method, using inactivity maintainers as a reference).