Adropin as a potential protective factor of metabolic complications in obese pregnant women with hyperglycaemia diagnosed in early pregnancy.

Adropin is a hormone which increases insulin sensitivity. It enhances the oxygenation of glucose in the muscles. The 91 obese pregnant women (BMI >30 kg/m) with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosed in the first half of pregnancy has been recruited to the study group.

Time Perspective as a Mediator of Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic endocrinopathy characterized by oligo- or anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries, and it is associated with an increased prevalence of depression. Research conducted on psychiatric patients has shown correlations between depression and decreased cognitive function. The aim of this study was to examine the possible mediation of the time perspective (TP) in the development of depressive symptoms in patients with PCOS.

Vaginal leiomyoma misdiagnosed as a Bartholin abscess: A case report from Damascus, Syria.

Fibroids are benign neoplasms that are primarily found in the uterus. Fibroids can rarely be found in the vagina-most commonly arising from the anterior wall. Generally, the vagina is an unusual location for tumors.

European Guidelines on Perinatal Care - Oxytocin for induction and augmentation of labor[Formula: see text].

OF RECOMMENDATIONS1. Oxytocin for induction or augmentation of labor should not be started when there is a previous scar (such as previous classical cesarean section, uterine perforation or myomectomy when uterine cavity is reached) or in any other condition where labor or vaginal delivery are contraindicated. (; ).

Abdominal Access for Shoulder Dystocia as a Last Resort - a Case Report.

Shoulder dystocia is the term used to describe failure to progress in labour after the head has been delivered due to insufficient rotation of the shoulders. It is unpredictable and cannot be prevented by the midwife or the obstetrician. We report here on a severe case of shoulder dystocia, where delivery of the shoulder was finally achieved through direct pressure on the anterior shoulder after laparotomy and uterotomy with concurrent vaginal Woods screw manoeuvre and was followed by vaginal delivery.

CHEK2 I157T and colorectal cancer in Bulgaria.

Purpose: Germline variants of the CHEK2 gene have been shown to act as low-penetrance cancer susceptibility alleles for a wide range of human malignancies. CHEK2 I157T has particularly been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We aimed at establishing the population frequency and contribution of this variant to colorectal carcinogenesis in Bulgaria.

Frequency and application of the hot spot BRAF gene mutation (p.V600E) in the diagnostic strategy for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer.

Background: BRAF somatic mutations were reported with high frequency in sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs) with microsatellite instability (MSI). The hot spot c. 1799 T>A, p.

Genetic analysis of haemophilia A in Bulgaria.

Background: Haemophilias are the most common hereditary severe disorders of blood clotting. In families afflicted with heamophilia, genetic analysis provides opportunities to prevent recurrence of the disease. This study establishes a diagnostical strategy for carriership determination and prenatal diagnostics of haemophilia A in Bulgarian haemophilic population.

[Ultrasound diagnosis of Meckel-Gruber syndrome at 13 weeks of gestation in families at risk--a case report and literature review].

Meckel-Gruber syndrome (MGS) is a lethal, rare, autosomal recessive condition manifested by clinical and genetical heterogenicity. The syndrome is characterized by the triad: occipital meningo-encephalocele, cystic displastic kidneys and postaxial polidactyly. The diagnosis is suspected by ultrasound and in families at risk of reccurrence of the syndrome it is made in the late first trimester of pregnancy.

[Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and its relationship with central intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN)].

HPV (Human papillomavirus) infection is strongly associated and is the main cause of cervical cancer. The main target for HPV viruses is the cervical transformation zone. In our work infection with HPV 18 and HPV 16 as also other types of viruses were investigated in 15 patients by taking biopsies.

Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in three major population groups in Bulgaria.

A total of 280 unrelated males from the three largest population groups in Bulgaria: Bulgarians, Bulgarian Turks and Gypsies, were analyzed for seven Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392 and DYS393). Comparison of the allele frequency distributions revealed significant differences between the three ethnic groups which were confirmed with haplotype analysis. This permits us to suggest that population differentiation should be taken into account in forensic case analysis and paternity testing in Bulgaria.

C283Y mutation and other C-terminal nucleotide changes in the gamma-sarcoglycan gene in the Bulgarian Gypsy population.

Sarcoglycanopathies, affecting the dystrophin-associated sarcoglycan (SG) complex, are a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders. A subgroup of these disorders, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2C (LGMD2C) is an autosomal recessive disorder, clinically manifested as an early onset, severe Duchenne-like muscular dystrophy. LGMD2C is caused by mutations in the gamma-SG gene, localized on 13q12.

Impact of heavy metals on hormonal and immunological factors in women with repeated miscarriages.

In 111 women with repeated miscarriages, the urinary excretion of heavy metals was determined in a challenge test with the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulphonic acid in addition to hormonal, chromosomal, immunological and uterine investigations. The heavy metal excretion was correlated to different immunological (natural killer cells, T cell subpopulations) and hormonal (progesterone, oestradiol, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone) parameters. We conclude that heavy metals seem to have a negative impact on ovarian as well as on pituitary function.

Heavy metals and fertility.

Heavy metals have been identified as factors affecting human fertility. This study was designed to investigate whether the urinary heavy metal excretion is associated with different factors of infertility. The urinary heavy metal excretion was determined in 501 infertile women after oral administration of the chelating agent 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS).

Vascular abnormalities of the uterus, concerning a case of diffuse cavernous angiomatosis of the uterus.

A case of diffuse cavernous angiomatosis of the uterus after delivery is reported. Owing to suspicion of abruptio placentae, cesarean section was performed. In the course of this section, several hematomas were noted in the myometrium, making total hysterectomy necessary.

Impact of waist-hip-ratio and body-mass-index on hormonal and metabolic parameters in young, obese women.

Background: To investigate the impact of predominantly upper body fat localisation on the hormonal and metabolic profile in obese, infertile women.

Design: Prospective observational study of premenopausal women with obesity, infertility and menstrual dysfunction.

Setting: Department of Endocrinology and Reproduction of the University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Heidelberg.

Cystic fibrosis mutations and associated haplotypes in Bulgaria - a comparative population genetic study.

We present data on the population genetics of cystic fibrosis (CF) in Bulgaria, obtained by comprehensive mutation analysis and the construction of intragenic microsatellite haplotypes. The sample of 262 CF alleles analysed is representative of the patients diagnosed during the period of referral and of the three main ethnic groups in the country. deltaF508 accounted for 100% of Gypsy CF alleles, which thus differed significantly from both Bulgarians and ethnic Turks.

Effects of weight loss on the hormonal profile in obese, infertile women.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of weight loss in obese, infertile women with special interest in changes of blood hormones, menstrual function and pregnancy rate. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide and different steroid and pituitary hormones during oral glucose loading were determined in a group of 58 obese women with menstrual irregularities. Of the 58 women, 35 took part in a weight-reducing programme lasting 32 +/- 14 weeks (mean +/- SD) with a weight loss of 10.

Comparative results on survival of human and animal eggs using different cryoprotectants and freeze-thawing regimens. II. Human.

A total of 269 human pronuclear embryos and 84 oocytes were subjected to four different protocols of cryoprotectant equilibration, washing out and freeze-thawing. The morphological survival, rate of development, fertilization in vitro and overall survival rate were estimated in the groups of fresh, aged oocytes, diploid and multipronuclear embryos used. With some restrictions, the conclusion can be drawn that slow, low intermediary temperature 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PROH) and 1,2-PROH/dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) systems are superior to the rapid, high intermediary temperature 1,2-PROH and the traditionally used DMSO systems.

Comparative results on survival of human and animal eggs using different cryoprotectants and freeze-thawing regimens. I. Mouse and hamster.

The achievement of successful pregnancies and births after in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer of frozen-thawed human oocytes has stimulated further work on improving the established methodology. The present investigation was conducted on 1837 mouse oocytes, 1785 mouse pronuclear stage embryos, 1400 hamster oocytes and 1024 hamster pronuclear-stage embryos. In an effort to study the advantages and disadvantages of a newly introduced, 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PROH)-based system over the conventionally used dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO)-based methodology, a direct, prospective comparison between the two cryoprotectants was undertaken in a randomized trial.

New data confirming a circannual rhythm in spermatogenesis.

Our study demonstrates a circannual rhythm in spermatogenesis by 2697 spermiograms of healthy probands and subfertile patients. This rhythmicity is valid both for fertile as well as for subfertile men. In both groups, the lowest values of sperm count occurred in the summer while the peak values occurred in the winter and spring.