The ethical aspects of integrating sentiment and emotion analysis in chatbots for depression intervention.

Introduction: Digital health interventions specifically those realized as chatbots are increasingly available for mental health. They include technologies based on artificial intelligence that assess user's sentiment and emotions for the purpose of responding in an empathetic way, or for treatment purposes, e.g.

Proposal for a uniform protocol and checklist for cadaveric courses for surgeons with special interest in open abdominal wall reconstruction.

Purpose: Over the last decade, there has been a rapid rise in the development and refinement of abdominal wall repair (AWR) techniques. Numerous cadaveric AWR training courses have been set up with the goal of helping practicing surgeons learn and incorporate them into their surgical repertoire. Some maybe excellent but their quality and consistency are unknown.

The Plasma Proteome and Risk of Future Venous Thromboembolism-Results from the HUNT Study.

Background:  This study aimed to identify novel plasma proteins associated with first-lifetime venous thromboembolism (VTE) and molecular pathways involved in VTE pathogenesis.

Methods:  A case-cohort comprising incident VTE cases ( = 294) and a randomly sampled age- and sex-weighted subcohort ( = 1,066) was derived from the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3, n = 50,800). Blood samples were collected and stored at cohort inclusion (2006-2008), and participants were followed up to 5 years.

Massive entry of BK Polyomavirus induces transient cytoplasmic vacuolization of human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells.

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a ubiquitous human virus that establishes a persistent infection in renal tubular epithelial cells and mainly causes disease in kidney transplant recipients. The closely related simian polyomavirus SV40 is known to cause cytoplasmic vacuolization in simian kidney cells, possibly increasing progeny release and cell death. This study aimed to determine whether BKPyV causes cytoplasmic vacuolization in primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) and to investigate its potential role in the replication cycle.

The patient's voice: a cross-sectional study of physical health and disability in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Background: With increasing focus on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in chronic rheumatic diseases, we aimed to evaluate the self-reported physical and psychosocial health in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared to matched population-based controls. Furthermore, we aimed to study the association of patient- and physician-reported outcome measures in JIA with patient-reported physical disability.

Methods: We used data from a Norwegian JIA cohort study (NorJIA), including clinical characteristics and outcome measures in participants with JIA and sex- and age-matched population-based controls.

Investigating the impact of a pharmacist intervention on inappropriate prescribing practices at hospital admission and discharge in older patients: a secondary outcome analysis from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Inappropriate medication prescribing in older patients increases the risk of poorer health outcomes and increased costs. The IMMENSE trial, integrated a clinical pharmacist into the health care team, to improve medication therapy among older patients, and to investigate the impact on acute revisits to hospital.

Objectives: This study investigated the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and prescribing omissions (PPOs) at hospital admission and discharge.

Systolic Function in the Fontan Circulation Is Exercise, but Not Preload, Recruitable.

Background: Fontan circulatory failure with impaired systolic function is well documented; however, its mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to explore myocardial functional reserve in adolescent patients with Fontan circulation in response to exercise or acute preload increase.

Methods: The study included 32 patients (median age, 16.

Exploring the unconventional: health professionals' experiences into medication-free treatment for patients with severe mental illness.

Background: In January 2017, the Norwegian government mandated the establishment of an inpatient unit for "medication-free treatment" for patients with severe mental illness at the University Hospital of North Norway in Tromsø. This study aims to explore the employees' experiences with this unit.

Method: Focus group interviews were conducted October 2021 - February 2022.

Concentrations of potentially toxic metals and trace elements in pregnant women and association with birth outcomes: A cross-sectional study in Malawi.

Potentially toxic metals and trace elements have been used in Malawi for a long time. However, data on exposure to these elements by susceptible groups like pregnant women and its associations with reproductive health outcomes in Malawi and southern hemisphere is limited. We investigated the concentrations of potentially toxic metals as well as trace elements in pregnant women and assessed the relationship between the levels these elements in maternal blood and sociodemographic factors, dietary habits and birth outcomes.

Adherence to the Healthy Nordic Food Index is associated with reduced plasma levels of inflammatory markers in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Background And Aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease associated with hypercholesterolemia, and dietary treatment is part of the treatment. We aimed to assess the dietary pattern in relation to the Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) in adults with and without heterozygous FH (HeFH), and to examine the associations between dietary quality and biomarkers related to cardiovascular disease in adults with HeFH.

Methods: We included 205 adults (≥18 years) with HeFH who received follow-up at the Lipid Clinic in Oslo and compared them to controls (n = 228).

The Implementation Process Assessment Tool: translation, contextualization, and psychometric evaluation of a Swedish version in a municipal elderly care context.

Background: The number of older adults with complex healthcare needs is growing alongside limited resources available in health services. To meet this challenge, it is urgent that healthcare staff are motivated and able to continuously translate new knowledge and working methods into daily practice. To facilitate such implementation, supportive measures responding to the healthcare personnel's needs seem essential.

The cerebral and cognitive changes after intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) treatment for depression: study protocol for a randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Background: The therapeutic use of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC) is a relatively new but promising treatment option for depression. There is a need for more knowledge on the mechanisms involved in its antidepressant effects.

Methods: This is a single-centre, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with two arms, iTBS and sham iTBS.

Transient biopsy-proven progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (PML-IRIS) in an elderly woman without known immunodeficiency: a case report.

Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe opportunistic brain disease caused by lytic JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) replication in oligodendrocytes. Although JCPyV infection is common in the general population, PML almost exclusively occurs in patients immunocompromised due to untreated HIV/AIDS, haematological malignancies, primary immunodeficiencies, solid organ transplantation, or immunomodulatory treatment of autoimmune diseases. There is no effective antiviral treatment, and recovery depends on immune reconstitution.

Liposomal Nω-hydroxy-l-norarginine, a proof-of-concept: Arginase inhibitors can be incorporated in liposomes while retaining their therapeutic activity ex vivo.

Cancer immunotherapy has evolved significantly over the last decade, with therapeutics targeting the adaptive immune system showing exciting effects in clinics. Yet, the modulation of the innate immune system, particularly the tumor-associated innate immune cells which are an integral part of immune responses in cancer, remains less understood. The arginase 1 (Arg1) pathway is a pivotal metabolic pathway that tumor-associated innate immune cells exploit to create an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, leading to the evasion of immune surveillance.

"Going under the radar": barriers to continuity in the rehabilitation trajectories of adults with acquired brain injury in North Norway.

Purpose: Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is a major cause of disability, but rehabilitation services for adults with ABI discharged home remains deficient. This study explores barriers to continuity in the rehabilitation trajectories of this population in North Norway.

Materials And Methods: Data were generated from focus groups consisting of individuals with ABI and family caregivers ( = 5) and healthcare professionals ( = 14).

Family Health Care Needs in a Pediatric Population 6 Months After Moderate and Severe Physical Trauma.

: Traumatic injury is a leading cause of death and disability in children and young adults. There is a lack of evidence-based literature and guidelines on supporting families after severe child injury. This study aimed to assess the family needs and factors associated with those needs.

Patient-reported outcomes after treatment for rectal cancer-A prospective nationwide study.

Aim: While modern treatment has improved rectal cancer (RC) survival, it can cause late side effects that impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate HRQoL and late effects 1 year after diagnosis in patients who underwent major resection for Stage I-III RC.

Method: All patients with RC registered in the Cancer Registry of Norway between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020, aged ≥ 18 years, and a control group without colorectal cancer were invited to participate in the study by answering a questionnaire on HRQoL and late effects.

PFAS exposure is associated with an unfavourable metabolic profile in infants six months of age.

Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are reported to have numerous negative health effects and children are especially vulnerable. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal and infant PFAS burden have any impact on prenatal and postnatal growth, liver and lipid parameters in infants at age six months. Data on diet and growth parameters, as well as blood samples were collected from healthy pregnant women in week 18 and in the women and their infants at six months postpartum.

A Fast-Forward Dilute-and-Shoot Multielement Method for Analysis of 33 Elements in Human Whole Blood, Serum, and Urine by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: A Streamlined Approach for Clinical Diagnostic and Biomonitoring.

The analysis of toxic and essential elements in human matrices is used in clinical diagnostics and for biomonitoring of different populations to study related health outcomes. This work aimed to develop fast and reliable methods for the analysis of a broad range of elements in liquid human matrices, such as whole blood, serum, and urine, with a similar setup for the three matrices and different analysis needs. An easy and fast-forward dilute-and-shoot method for 33 elements (i.

Rapid laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infection, with or without antibiotic decision support-a small pilot study investigating accuracy and clinical impact.

The study evaluated the accuracy and clinical impact of rapid diagnostics (RD) with or without antibiotic decision support (ADS) for hospitalized patients with urinary tract infections. A two-centre prospective intervention was conducted with 230 patients divided into three groups: RD-only (n = 59), RD plus ADS (n = 56) and a control group (n = 115). Mean laboratory turnaround time for RD was 10 h and 50 min.

Placenta-associated biomarkers and pregnancy outcome in HPA-1a alloimmunization: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) results from parental incompatibility in human platelet antigens (HPA) and subsequent maternal sensitization. The HPA-1a epitope is also expressed on placental tissue. Chronic placental inflammation and lower birth weight is observed more often in HPA-1a alloimmunized pregnancies, suggesting a placental component in the pathophysiology of FNAIT.

Elevated levels of peripheral and central nervous system immune markers reflect innate immune dysregulation in autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Evidence suggests dysregulated immune functions in the pathophysiology of Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although specific immune mechanisms are yet to be identified.

Methods: We assessed circulating levels of 25 immune/neuroinflammatory markers in a large ASD sample (n = 151) and matched controls (n = 72) using linear models. In addition, we performed global brain transcriptomics analyses of relevant immune-related genes.