11,647 results match your criteria: "University Hospital of Naples "Federico II"[Affiliation]"

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) accounts for 3% of all malignant tumors in Italy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy is first-line treatment for SCCHN; however, second-line treatment options are limited. Taxanes are widely used for combination therapy of SCCHN, as clinical trials have shown their efficacy in patients with this disease, particularly in patients with prior therapy.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the link between body mass index (BMI) and prostate volume by analyzing pre and postoperative data.
  • Significant correlations were found between BMI and prostate volume across various measurement methods, including digital rectal exam and surgery specimen weight.
  • The research concluded that higher BMI is associated with increased prostate volume, emphasizing the need to consider BMI in prostate assessments.
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Background: Activated Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) δ Syndrome (APDS), an inborn error of immunity due to upregulation of the PI3K pathway, leads to recurrent infections and immune dysregulation (lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity).

Methods: Clinical and genetic data of 28 APDS patients from 25 unrelated families were collected from fifteen Italian centers.

Results: Patients were genetically confirmed with APDS-1 (n = 20) or APDS-2 (n = 8), with pathogenic mutations in the PIK3CD or PIK3R1 genes.

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Background: The Mustard and Senning operations for dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) establish a biventricular physiology with a subaortic right ventricle (sRV). While prolonged QRS has been associated with worse prognosis in these patients, current echocardiographic tools fall short in adequately assessing the (mal)performance and function decline of the sRV during follow-up. The present study is the first to characterize Myocardial Work (MW) indices of the sRV in D-TGA patients after Mustard/Senning repair.

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  • The study aims to provide updated evidence for managing stage I colon cancer (CC) post-surgery, focusing on recurrence rates and risk factors.
  • Despite low recurrence risk, some guidelines suggest intensive follow-up is unnecessary, but data on actual recurrence rates is limited.
  • The findings reveal a 5% recurrence rate, primarily systemic, with significant risk factors including tumor characteristics and patient demographics, suggesting a need for improved postoperative follow-up strategies.
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Background: Patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis are a vulnerable population with associated cardiac damage and a significant comorbidity burden. In this study we aimed to determine the rate, factors associated with, and prognostic value of poor functional status (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III-IV) in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: This multicenter study included 6363 transarterial TAVR patients, classified according to baseline functional status (NYHA class I or II vs III or IV).

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  • Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) T-DXd and SG improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) but have not been directly compared.
  • A network meta-analysis revealed that T-DXd and SG had similar efficacy in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and triple-negative (TN)/HER2-low MBC, while T-DXd showed better results against standard chemotherapy.
  • T-DXd demonstrated more favorable outcomes in HR+/HER2-low for both PFS and OS, but SG showed higher rates of specific side effects, including neutropenia and diarrhea, while T-DXd was associated with more serious adverse events like pneumonitis and cardiotoxicity
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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in women: A forgotten cardiovascular risk factor.

Maturitas

February 2025

Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza-University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy. Electronic address:

Sleep-disordered breathing is a highly prevalent disorder with negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide. This condition has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health and quality of life, and is frequently associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Nevertheless, it remains frequently undiagnosed and undertreated, especially in specific populations.

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In patients with type II diabetes, the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is associated with a high risk of mortality. Left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, and exercise intolerance are the first signs of DC. The underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated, and there is an urgent need for specific biomarkers and molecular targets for early diagnosis and treatment.

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Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D), arising from relative insulin deficiency and leading to hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent severe outcomes. This pediatric case-control study utilized plasma metabolomics to explore metabolic alterations associated with DKA and to identify predictive metabolite patterns.

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Introduction: The Russo-Ukrainian War (RUW) poses a significant mental health burden, warranting a scoping review of the evidence to shed light on the unmet needs.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases were inquired from inception until September 1st, 2023, to address the following a-priori-formulated questions: i) "Which psychiatric population has been assessed? How did the conflict affect the functioning of people with established mental health conditions (e.g.

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Sex-specific differences in echocardiographic parameters of risk stratification in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

J Am Soc Echocardiogr

December 2024

Centre for Pulmonary Hypertension, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg gGmbH at Heidelberg University Hospital, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: In healthy subjects, sex-differences in right heart function have already been detected for various echocardiographic parameters.

Research Question: The objective of the study was to investigate sex-differences in echocardiographic ESC/ERS risk stratification parameters and their impact on survival estimation in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Study Design And Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study with a mean follow-up time of 3.

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Purpose Of Review: Advances in understanding the molecular pathways underlying nasal epithelial inflammation have ushered in the era of personalized medicine for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Research progress has led to the approval of several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for severe CRSwNP, demonstrating promising outcomes in both clinical trials and real-world settings. Similarly, evolution in surgical techniques has enhanced progression-free survival due to the development of novel approaches.

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Background: Prompt reperfusion is critical for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to improve outcomes. Yet, variability in regional healthcare delivery may influence treatment times and patient outcomes. We thus aimed at evaluating differences in management and outcomes of STEMI patients across Northern, Central, and Southern Italy, focusing on time-dependent reperfusion and in-hospital logistics.

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of a newly developed MTA-based material and two antibacterial-enhanced MTAs as pulp capping materials in immature permanent dental elements underwent full pulpotomy.

Methods: The present animal study included 20 Wistar albino rats that, after full pulpotomy, were randomly divided into 4 groups receiving different MTA formulations as pulp capping materials: conventional MTA, Tricalcium aluminate (TCA)- free MTA, and MTA enhanced with metronidazole or doxycycline. Histopathological assessments were carried out at 7- and 28-days post-treatment to evaluate dentinal bridge formation, inflammatory reactions, pulp tissue necrosis and internal resorption.

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You-Hoover-Fong syndrome (YHFS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay, microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, and a spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. YHFS is caused by pathogenic variants in TELO2, a gene involved in regulation of the cell cycle. To date, 29 individuals with YHFS have been reported and none of them has been reported to develop tumors.

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Background: Patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This patient population has a higher risk of recurrent infections and hospitalization. The aim of this study is to compare the profile of microorganisms in patients with CKD and PJI of the hip versus controls and to individuate potentially unusual and drug-resistant microorganisms among the causative bacteria.

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Intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis: available techniques and novel clinical applications.

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

December 2024

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 1, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.

There is a growing interest in the potential use of intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis to better understand cardiac mechanics and identify novel imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Abnormalities of vortex formation and shape may in fact play a critical role in cardiac function, affecting both efficiency and myocardial workload. Recent advances in imaging technologies have significantly improved our ability to analyze these dynamic flow patterns in vivo, offering new insights into both normal and pathological cardiac conditions.

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Quantitative Neuroanatomical Measurement on Photogrammetric Model: Validation Study.

World Neurosurg

January 2025

Laboratory of Neuroscience, European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno Foundation, Salerno, Italy; Unit of Neurosurgery, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.

Objective: To examine and compare the accuracy of measurements obtained from photogrammetric models versus direct measurements taken on dry skulls, with the aim to verify the feasibility of photogrammetry for quantitative analysis in microsurgical neuroanatomy.

Methods: Two dry human skulls were used. Each was scanned using the dual camera system of a smartphone The selected photos were separately processed using 2 different softwares to create three-dimensional models.

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Purpose: To evaluate the potential advantages of software-assisted structured reporting for radiology residents approaching multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI).

Methods: MpMRI scans from 100 patients, performed for prostate cancer (PCa) detection or staging, were anonymized, and reviewed by six second-year radiology residents without previous experience in prostate MRI, following 6 h of intensive training. The dataset was split into two subsets of 50 cases each.

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Clinical trial eligibility in PSP: Population representativeness and potential criteria adjustment based on PSP-NET findings.

Parkinsonism Relat Disord

February 2025

Neurology Unit and Neurobiorepository and Laboratory of Advanced Biological Markers, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, And Department of Continuity of Care and Frailty, ASST Spedali Civili Brescia Hospital, Brescia, Italy.

Background: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is a rare, heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease for which no treatment is currently available. In the context of clinical trials, the representativeness of the included patients is crucial for the generalizability of the results. Herein, we present results from a multicenter perspective study to identify the most restrictive criteria for patient selection and to assess the representativeness of eligible patients.

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Complement C5 inhibitor treatment with ravulizumab or eculizumab for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) improves outcomes and survival. Some patients remain anemic due to clinically significant extravascular hemolysis (cs-EVH: hemoglobin [Hgb] ≤9.5 g/dL and absolute reticulocyte count [ARC] ≥120×109/L).

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