Diverting ileostomy for treatment of ileoanal pouch dysfunction: a technical note.

Background: The ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is a restorative procedure performed after proctocolectomy to improve quality of life in patients with colorectal conditions like ulcerative colitis, familial adenomatous polyposis, and selected cases of Crohn's disease and Lynch syndrome. However, severe pouch dysfunction can occur, often necessitating further surgical intervention.

Objective: This technical note aims to describe the operative approach and perioperative management for diverting ileostomy as a treatment for dysfunctional ileoanal pouches.

Evaluation of Myocarditis in Patients With Still Disease: Clinical Findings From the Multicenter International AIDA Network Still Disease Registry.

Objective: We aimed to (1) evaluate the cardiac involvement, with a focus on myocarditis, in patients with Still disease included in the multicenter Autoinflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) Network Still disease registry; and (2) assess the predictive factors for myocarditis by deriving a clinical risk patient profile for this severe manifestation.

Methods: A multicenter observational study was established, in which consecutive patients with Still disease in the AIDA Network Still disease registry were characterized by cardiac involvement. Cardiac involvement was defined according to the presence of pericarditis, tamponade, myocarditis, and/or aseptic endocarditis.

Multi-year enzyme expression in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI after liver-directed gene therapy.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) is due to a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase B (ARSB) that results in multi-organ accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Limitations of current treatments prompted the development of a liver-directed gene therapy clinical trial for MPS VI.

Methods: We report the long-term follow-up of patients with MPS VI who discontinued enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and received a single intravenous infusion of high-dose (6 × 10 genome copies/kg) recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector expressing ARSB under the control of a liver-specific promoter (ClinicalTrials.

Clinical impact of ceftazidime/avibactam on the treatment of suspected or proven infections in a large cohort of patients with haematological malignancies: a multicentre observational real-world study.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical impact of ceftazidime/avibactam on treating infections due to MDR Gram-negative bacteria in patients with haematological malignancies (HMs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study at 17 Italian haematological wards that included patients with HMs receiving ceftazidime/avibactam for the treatment of suspected or proven infections. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality 30 days after infection onset.

Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in left main disease according to patients' sex: A meta-analysis.

Background: The role of sex in choosing between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease has gained interest.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials and adjusted observational studies comparing PCI versus CABG in ULMCA patients with outcomes by sex were included. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with secondary endpoints being all-cause mortality and repeated revascularization.

Challenges associated with access to recently developed hemophilia treatments in routine care: perspectives of healthcare professionals.

The treatment landscape for haemophilia continues to rapidly develop, and expectations for future treatment success are high. There is limited information on the challenges to accessing new and innovative therapies. The aim of this study was to explore challenges with accessing haemophilia treatment from the perspective of healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Employing the Artificial Intelligence Object Detection Tool YOLOv8 for Real-Time Pain Detection: A Feasibility Study.

Introduction: Effective pain management is crucial for patient care, impacting comfort, recovery, and overall well-being. Traditional subjective pain assessment methods can be challenging, particularly in specific patient populations. This research explores an alternative approach using computer vision (CV) to detect pain through facial expressions.

Turn-Adopting Peptidomimetic as a Formyl Peptide Receptor-1 Antagonist.

The design, synthesis, and characterization of a new peptidomimetic acting as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) antagonist (N-19004) are herein reported. The molecule has been identified with docking studies of the highly potent FPR1 antagonist UPARANT on human receptor. N-19004 recapitulates all pharmacophoric groups necessary for recognition into a minimal structure, with a crucial role of the 2,6-diamino-thiophenyl scaffold mimicking the positions of Cα atoms of Arg residues in the turned Arg-Aib-Arg segment of UPARANT.

A two-stage deep-learning model for determination of the contact of mandibular third molars with the mandibular canal on panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a two-stage deep learning (DL) model for (1) detecting mandibular third molars (MTMs) and the mandibular canal (MC), and (2) classifying the anatomical relationship between these structures (contact/no contact) on panoramic radiographs.

Method: MTMs and MCs were labeled on panoramic radiographs by a calibrated examiner using bounding boxes. Each bounding box contained MTM and MC on one side.

Interim analysis of the multinational, post-authorization safety study (NISSO) to assess the long-term safety of sonidegib in patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.

Background: Following the pivotal phase II trial BOLT, the Hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor sonidegib was approved in the EU to treat locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) in patients not amenable to surgery or radiotherapy. We report safety data from the interim analysis of the real-world NISSO study.

Methods: NISSO is an ongoing non-interventional, multinational, post-authorization safety study (NCT04066504).

Primary tumor ablation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The role of primary tumor ablation (pTA) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is unknown. We compared pTA-treated mRCC patients to patients who underwent no local treatment (NLT), as well as patients who underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER, 2004-2020), we identified mRCC patients who underwent either pTA, NLT or CN.

The journey of patients affected by metastatic hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer from CDK 4/6 inhibitors to second-line treatment: A real-world analysis of 701 patients enrolled in the GIM14/BIOMETA study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CDK 4/6 inhibitors (CDK 4-6i) according to HER2 status (low/zero), and endocrine resistance/sensitivity, as well as the efficacy of second-line treatments, in a large real-world cohort.

Methods: The GIM14/BIOMETA study (NCT02284581) is a retrospective/prospective study of the Gruppo Italiano Mammella evaluating treatment patterns and survival outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We retrieved data on patients with hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative MBC receiving first-line CDK 4/6i.

Nutritional quality of diet characterized by the Nutri-Score profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk: a prospective study in 7 European countries.

Background: Nutri-Score is a scientifically validated 5-color front-of-pack nutrition label reflecting the nutrient profile of foods. It has been implemented in several European countries on a voluntary basis, pending the revision of the European labeling regulation. Hence, scientific evidence is needed regarding the ability of the nutrient profile underlying the Nutri-Score (uNS-NPS, 2023-updated version) to characterize healthier foods.

Profile of Trofinetide in the Treatment of Rett Syndrome: Design, Development and Potential Place in Therapy.

Trofinetide is a first-in-class pharmacological treatment proposed for patients with Rett Syndrome. It is a long half-life derivative of glycine-proline-glutamate, the tripeptide normally excided from Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 upon degradation. Due to containing glutamate and glycine in its structure, trofinetide is thought to act through NMDA receptor modulation, thus providing a normalization of neuronal activity and survival.

Methodology and clinical utility of longitudinal UBA1 tracking in VEXAS syndrome.

Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic (VEXAS) is a haemato-inflammatory syndrome genetically defined by somatic mutations in the X-linked UBA1 gene, typically Val/Thr/Leu substitutions at the Met41 hotspot. Clinical manifestations are heterogeneous and refractory to most haemato-rheumatological treatments. To date, no guidelines exist for the management of VEXAS, and scarce is the evidence on methodology and clinical significance of longitudinal UBA1 clonal burden evaluation upon therapy.

Internal mammary artery perforator-based plug flap.

Introduction: Various oncoplastic techniques have emerged over the years to preserve breast cosmesis and symmetry without compromising the principles of tumor excision. One of the newer techniques for breast volume replacement to achieve symmetry and cosmesis is the use of fascio-cutaneous pedicled chest wall perforator flaps or local perforator flaps (CWPF).

Case Presentation: We present a case of reconstruction with internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP)-based plug flap to fill the infero-medial defect caused by a tumor close to skin, with visible retraction.

Imaging in sensorineural and conductive hearing loss-an educational review.

Hearing loss is the most common sensory impairment globally and can affect all ages. It can be classified into two categories, conductive and sensorineural, though both conditions may coexist. Various causes may be responsible for hearing loss including congenital, infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic.