Utility of anaerobic blood cultures in the clinical management of infectious patients.

Paired aerobic/anaerobic cultures are routinely performed for the diagnosis of bacteraemia. This study aimed to assess the utility of anaerobic cultures in the management of infectious patients. All positive blood cultures taken from adult patients in a French hospital between November 2018 and March 2020 were evaluated.

Fetal and neonatal outcomes in syphilis infected pregnant women in Reunion Island: An observational retrospective multicentric study.

Objectives: To evaluate the fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in pregnant women with syphilis during their pregnancy in Reunion Island, population benefiting from early and well-conducted screening and treatment.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in the four Reunion hospital centers between 2017 and 2022. The included patients were all pregnant patients with a biologically proven syphilitic infection and having given birth in one of the four centers mentioned.

Proportion of patients with prosthetic joint infection eligible for adjuvant phage therapy: a French single-centre retrospective study.

Background: Bone and joint infections represent a major public health issue due to their increasing prevalence, their functional prognosis and their cost to society. Phage therapy has valuable anti-biofilm properties against prosthetic joint infections (PJI). The aim of this study was to establish the proportion of patients eligible for phage therapy and to assess their clinical outcome judged against all patients presenting with PJI.

Opsoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome in a Patient With Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Objectives: To describe a case of post-immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome (OMAS), with complete clinical remission after treatment.

Methods: A 52-year-old man was admitted because of subacute-onset vertigo, dysarthria, vomiting, and weight loss. He was under atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) monotherapy (23 cycles) for metastatic small-cell lung cancer, with excellent response.

Comparative Study of Paraneoplastic and Nonparaneoplastic Autoimmune Encephalitis With GABAR Antibodies.

Background And Objectives: While patients with paraneoplastic autoimmune encephalitis (AE) with gamma-aminobutyric-acid B receptor antibodies (GABAR-AE) have poor functional outcomes and high mortality, the prognosis of nonparaneoplastic cases has not been well studied.

Methods: Patients with GABAR-AE from the French and the Dutch Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes Reference Centers databases were retrospectively included and their data collected; the neurologic outcomes of paraneoplastic and nonparaneoplastic cases were compared. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotyping and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping were performed in patients with available samples.

Therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant central airway obstruction: Introduction to the EpiGETIF registry.

Background And Objective: EpiGETIF is a web-based, multicentre clinical database created in 2019 aiming for prospective collection of data regarding therapeutic rigid bronchoscopy (TB) for malignant central airway obstruction (MCAO).

Methods: Patients were enrolled into the registry from January 2019 to November 2022. Data were prospectively entered through a web-interface, using standardized definitions for each item.

Conventional and unconventional T-cell responses contribute to the prediction of clinical outcome and causative bacterial pathogen in sepsis patients.

Sepsis is characterized by a dysfunctional host response to infection culminating in life-threatening organ failure that requires complex patient management and rapid intervention. Timely diagnosis of the underlying cause of sepsis is crucial, and identifying those at risk of complications and death is imperative for triaging treatment and resource allocation. Here, we explored the potential of explainable machine learning models to predict mortality and causative pathogen in sepsis patients.

Safety and efficacy of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass as revisional bariatric surgery after failed anti-reflux surgery: a systematic review.

This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on weight loss and anti-reflux outcomes when used as a revisional bariatric surgical procedure after failed anti-reflux surgery. A systematic literature search next to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines was performed for articles published by 30 Mar 2022. After examining 416 papers, 23 studies were included (n = 874 patients).

A Century of Clinical Use of Phages: A Literature Review.

Growing antibiotic resistance and the broken antibiotic market have renewed interest in the use of phages, a century-old therapy that fell into oblivion in the West after two decades of promising results. This literature review with a particular focus on French literature aims to complement current scientific databases with medical and non-medical publications on the clinical use of phages. While several cases of successful treatment with phages have been reported, prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of this therapy.

Management of leaks following one-anastomosis gastric bypass: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 44 318 patients.

Introduction: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) complication, such as leakage, can be dangerous and should be managed properly, yet little data exist in the literature regarding the management of leaks after OAGB, and there are no guidelines to date.

Methods: The authors performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature and 46 studies, examining 44 318 patients were included.

Results: There were 410 leaks reported in 44 318 patients of OAGB published in the literature, which represents a prevalence of 1% of leaks after OAGB.

Fat Infiltration of Multifidus Muscle Is Correlated with Neck Disability in Patients with Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain.

Background: Chronic non-specific neck pain (CINP) is common, but the etiology remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between cervical muscle composition (cervical multifidus and longus capitis/longus colli), morphometry, range of movement, muscle function, and disability severity (Neck Disability Index) in patients with CINP. Methods: From September 2020 to July 2021, subjects underwent cervical MRI and clinical tests (cervical range of motion, cranio-cervical flexion test, neck flexor, and extensor muscle endurance).

Nutritional status at age 1 year in patients born with esophageal atresia: A population-based, prospective cohort study.

Objective: Despite recent progress in caring for patients born with esophageal atresia (EA), undernutrition and stunting remain common. Our study objective was to assess nutritional status in the first year after birth with EA and to identify factors associated with growth failure.

Study Design: We conducted a population-based study of all infants born in France with EA between 2010 and 2016.

Benefits of Combined Phage-Antibiotic Therapy for the Control of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: A Literature Review.

With the increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, more and more therapeutic failures are being reported worldwide. The market for antibiotics is now broken due to the high cost of developing new molecules. A promising solution to bacterial resistance is combined phage-antibiotic therapy, a century-old method that can potentiate existing antibiotics by prolonging or even restoring their activity against specific bacteria.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease as an Indication of Revisional Bariatric Surgery-Indication and Results-a Systematic Review and Metanalysis.

This systematic review evaluates the indications and results of revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A systematic literature search and meta-analysis was performed for articles published by April 1, 2021. After examining 722 papers involving 17,437 patients, 48 studies were included (n = 915 patients).

Cerebellar syndrome associated with legionellosis: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Legionnaire's disease is a community-acquired pneumonia caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila. This disease is often associated with neurological symptoms, the clinical presentation of which can be very varied.

Case Report: We report a 47-year-old female patient who developed Legionnaires' disease with cerebellar symptoms (ataxia, dysarthria and hypermetria).

Distribution of Species in 12 French Cystic Fibrosis Centers in 2020 by a Retrospective MALDI-TOF MS Spectrum Analysis.

Achromobacter spp. are nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli mainly studied among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The identification of the 19 species within the genus is time-consuming (-sequencing), thus data concerning the distribution of the species are limited to specific studies.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and PRP Therapy Favorize Leak Closure After Sleeve Gastrectomy in Zucker Rats.

Introduction: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most performed bariatric surgery but gastric leaks following SG occur in up to 2% of cases. Regenerative medicine is emerging as a promising field offering multiple possibilities in wound healing. We studied the efficiency of locally administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on leak closure following SG in rats.

Esophageal Atresia and Respiratory Morbidity.

Background And Objectives: Respiratory diseases are common in children with esophageal atresia (EA), leading to increased morbidity and mortality in the first year. The primary study objective was to identify the factors associated with readmissions for respiratory causes in the first year in EA children.

Methods: A population-based study.

Social media attention and citations of published outputs from re-use of clinical trial data: a matched comparison with articles published in the same journals.

Background: Data-sharing policies in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) should have an evaluation component. The main objective of this case-control study was to assess the impact of published re-uses of RCT data in terms of media attention (Altmetric) and citation rates.

Methods: Re-uses of RCT data published up to December 2019 (cases) were searched for by two reviewers on 3 repositories (CSDR, YODA project, and Vivli) and matched to control papers published in the same journal.