Sialadenitis Without Sialolithiasis Treated by Sialendoscopy.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventional sialendoscopy in the management of non-stone obstructive sialadenitis.

Patients And Methods: In the present retrospective study, we assessed the treatment outcomes of 51 patients (34 women and 17 men) who had been diagnosed with sialadenitis without salivary duct stones. The included patients had an obstructive duct condition coupled with recurrent episodes of swelling or pain in a major salivary gland.

Interventional sialoendoscopy for treatment of obstructive sialadenitis.

Purpose: This follow-up study documents the overall success rate of interventional sialoendoscopy; it is a novel, less invasive treatment for obstructive sialadenitis.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective follow-up study of 189 patients who underwent a sialoendoscopic procedure at Massachusetts General Hospital from 2004 through 2013. Included were patients who underwent sialoendoscopic treatment for symptoms and clinical findings consistent with obstructive sialadenitis.

Respiratory muscle dysfunction in COPD: from muscles to cell.

Respiratory muscle dysfunction is a cardinal feature of acute and chronic respiratory failure in COPD. Diaphragm and accessory inspiratory muscles face increased load due to increased lung resistance and elastance, as well as increased ventilatory demands. Concomitantly, the capacity of the inspiratory muscles to generate pressure is decreased due to mechanical disadvantage imposed by hyperinflation.

Small bowel intussusception with pelvic plastron secondary to acute appendicitis in child.

We report an unusual case of a 3-year-old child with appendicitis complicated by ileoileal intussusception. Although acute complicated appendicitis and concurrent ileoileal intussusception represent a possible cause of an acute abdomen, very few cases have been reported in the literature.

Prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in children--a prospective randomized double-blind study.

Background/purpose: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications related to surgery and anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to assess whether sevoflurane, with or without the use of an antiemetic such as ondansetron, increases or not the incidence of PONV in children.

Methods: One hundred and ten children, 2 months to 14 years undergoing inguinal hernia, hypospadias and penile deformity repair, were randomly allocated into one of two groups, according to whether they received ondansetron or placebo (47 vs.

Prevention of traumatic headache, dizziness and fatigue with creatine administration. A pilot study.

Aim: The complex pathobiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) offers numerous targets for potential neuroprotective agents. We evaluate the clinical benefit after creatine (Cr) administration in children and adolescents.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, comparative, open- labelled pilot study of the possible neuroprotective effect of Cr was carried out on 39 children and adolescents, aged between 1 and 18 years of age, with TBI.

Prevention of complications related to traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents with creatine administration: an open label randomized pilot study.

Background: There has been an enormous focus on the discovery and development of neuroprotective agents that might have clinical relevance after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Based on experimental facts, we studied administration of creatine to patients with TBI.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, comparative, open-labeled pilot study of the possible neuroprotective effect of creatine was performed on 39 children and adolescents, aged between 1 to 18 years old, with TBI.

Unit dosing of darbepoetin alfa for thetreatment of anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease being switched from recombinant human erythropoietin: Results of a phase IIIb, 27-week, multicenter, open-label study in Greek patients.

Background: Darbepoetin alfa is an erythropoietis-stimulating glycoprotein with a ∼3-fold longer t1/2 and greater biological activity compared with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO).

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy andtolerability of long-term (24-week) darbepoetin alfa treatment in maintaining hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in the target range of 10 to 13 g/dL in patients undergoing dialysis; the patients were switched from rHuEPO to a less-frequent dosing regimen of darbepoetin alfa without an increase in dose.

Methods: In this Phase IIlb, open-label, multicenter study, patients withend-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis who were receiving rHuEPO BIW or TIW at baseline were switched to darbepoetin alfa QW; patients receiving rHuEPO QW were switched to darbepoetin alfa Q2W Administration of darbepoetin alfa was by the same route as previous rHuEPO administration (IV or SC).

Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with cancer.

We investigated the effects of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration on duration of neutropenia, antibiotic therapy, and hospitalization days in 25 children with malignancies (Group A: 12 leukemia and lymphoma; Group B: 13 tumors) who were undergoing chemotherapy. We compared the effect of G-CSF with a control group of 21 children with equivalent diseases and chemotherapy that did not receive G-CSF treatment. All 25 children received 5 micrograms/kg/day of G-CSF at the end of chemotherapy courses when absolute neutrophil counts were < or = 1000/mm3.