Regional lymphadenopathy following COVID-19 vaccination: Literature review and considerations for patient management in breast cancer care.

Purpose: Over 1 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been already administered across the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union at the time of writing. Furthermore, 1.82 million booster doses have been administered in the US since 13th August, and similar booster programmes are currently planned or under consideration in the UK and the EU beginning in the autumn of 2021.

Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence-Based Models for the Detection of Early Esophageal Cancers in Barret's Esophagus: A Meta-Analysis of Patient-Based Studies.

Introduction Barret's esophagus (BE) is a precursor of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. The detection of high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma at an early stage can improve survival but is very challenging. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based models have been claimed to improve diagnostic accuracy.

MRI differentiation of low-grade and high-grade chondrosarcoma of the shoulder girdle, chest wall and pelvis: a pictorial review based on 111 consecutive cases.

Approximately 40% of conventional chondrosarcomas arise from the shoulder girdle, chest wall and pelvis. This pictorial review describes the MRI features which may aid in the differentiation of Grade 1 chondrosarcoma (Gd1-CS) from high-grade chondrosarcoma (HG-CS) and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DD-CS) in these locations, based on literature review and assessment of 111 consecutive cases presenting to the senior authors institution over a 13-year period. Of the 111 patients reviewed (71 males and 40 females; mean age 54.

Innovations for the future of breast surgery.

Background: Future innovations in science and technology with an impact on multimodal breast cancer management from a surgical perspective are discussed in this narrative review. The work was undertaken in response to the Commission on the Future of Surgery project initiated by the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

Methods: Expert opinion was sought around themes of surgical de-escalation, reduction in treatment morbidities, and improving the accuracy of breast-conserving surgery in terms of margin status.

Folic acid supplementation in postmenopausal women with hot flushes: phase III randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To assess whether folic acid supplementation ameliorates hot flushes.

Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial.

Setting: Nine hospitals in England.

Splenic Abscess Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Systematic Review of Clinical Presentation and Management Methods.

Background: Splenic abscess is a rare complication following sleeve gastrectomy.

Methods: We performed a systematic review to clarify its clinical significance, presentation, and management. PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to the 19th of July 2020.

Persistent Immune Thrombocytopenia Resistant to Immunosuppressive Therapy: What Is the Way Forward?

Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) involves autoimmune induced platelet destruction and decreased platelet production in part due to autoantibody destruction mechanisms. Most autoantibodies involved in its pathogenesis invoke autoreactive T cells and cytokine imbalance, and most drug therapies target these mechanisms. We describe a man in his late 40s, with a medical history of ITP, who presented with blood blisters on his mucosal surfaces and bruises on all four limbs with petechial rashes.

Is Autologous Fat Grafting an Oncologically Safe Procedure following Breast Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer? A Comprehensive Review.

Background: Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is a recognized surgical procedure to correct deformities following breast conservation surgery (BCS) for breast cancer. However, there are concerns about the oncological safety of this technique. In this study we have reviewed the current literature to assess whether AFG adversely influences the oncological outcome after BCS for breast cancer.

The implications of variations in nasal irrigation recipes in the United Kingdom.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the variations in publicly available nasal irrigation recipes published in the United Kingdom (UK).

Design: Internet searches used to identify eligible nasal irrigation recipes. These were then examined for their physical and biochemical properties, through theoretical calculations and experimental measurement.

Gastric Fistula in the Chest After Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Treatment Options.

This study aimed to establish the optimal diagnostic and treatment algorithm for the management of gastric fistula in the chest (GFIC) after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) through a systematic review of published cases. A multi-database search was performed, which produced 1182 results, of which 26 studies were included in this systematic review. The initial presentation included subphrenic collections, leaks, or (recurrent) pneumonia with associated symptoms such as persistent cough, fever, and/or dyspnea.

Achilles Tendon Rupture: Can the Tendon Gap on Ultrasound Scan Predict the Outcome of Functional Rehabilitation Program?

Background and objectives  There is a growing use of functional rehabilitation programs for the treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. Factors such as patient age and level of activity have been used to guide the decision. One of the debated indications is the gap size between the ruptured ends of the tendon.

COVID-19 in children: what did we learn from the first wave?

A pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused high rates of mortality, predominantly in adults. Children are significantly less affected by SARS-CoV-2 with far lower rates of recorded infections in children compared to adults, milder symptoms in the majority of children and very low mortality rates. A suspected late manifestation of the disease, paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome - temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), has been seen in small numbers of children and has a more severe disease course than acute SARS-CoV-2.

Orofacial complex regional pain syndrome.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)-an extremely painful primary pain disorder related to trauma-is rare in the orofacial region. The authors describe a case of orofacial CRPS with a clinical phenotype that fits the Budapest diagnostic criteria. A 39-year-old female patient presented with left-side facial pain that had been untreated for 10 months.

Seasonal variation in trauma admissions to a level III trauma unit over 10 years.

Introduction: Major trauma centres have improved morbidity and mortality for moderate and severely injured patients. Less injured patients may be treated in facilities less resourced for trauma care. In these units, understanding the variations in injury presentation and treatment over time allows service delivery to be tailored to demand.

Do-it-yourself closed-loop systems for people living with type 1 diabetes.

Growing numbers of people with type 1 diabetes are using do-it-yourself closed-loop systems. While these technologies are not approved by regulatory bodies and are not commercially available, users of the technology report improvements in HbA and time in range, and reduced burden of diabetes. Healthcare professionals have expressed their concern that legal or regulatory body actions could ensue if they support people who choose to use do-it-yourself closed-loop systems.

Making an IMPACT: A priority setting consultation exercise to improve outcomes in patients with locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic colorectal cancer.

Aim: The IMPACT (Improving the Management of Patients with Advanced Colorectal Tumours) initiative was established by the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland in 2017 as a consortium of surgeons (colorectal, hepatobiliary, thoracic), oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, palliative care physicians, patients, carers and charity stakeholders who will work together to improve outcomes in patients with advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer. To establish this initiative, better information is required to establish how further intervention is focused. This paper details the approaches used, and outcomes generated, from a priority setting exercise to inform the design of the IMPACT initiative.