Comparing answers of ChatGPT and Google Gemini to common questions on benign anal conditions.

Introduction: Chatbots have been increasingly used as a source of patient education. This study aimed to compare the answers of ChatGPT-4 and Google Gemini to common questions on benign anal conditions in terms of appropriateness, comprehensiveness, and language level.

Methods: Each chatbot was asked a set of 30 questions on hemorrhoidal disease, anal fissures, and anal fistulas.

Encorafenib, cetuximab and chemotherapy in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Encorafenib + cetuximab (EC) is approved for previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) based on the BEACON phase 3 study. Historically, first-line treatment of BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC with chemotherapy regimens has had limited efficacy. The phase 3 BREAKWATER study investigated EC+mFOLFOX6 versus standard of care (SOC) in patients with previously untreated BRAF V600E mCRC.

Efficacy of Orthognathic Surgery in OSAS Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent condition characterised by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and associated morbidities. Orthognathic surgery (OGS) has been proposed as a treatment option for OSAS, aimed at anatomically repositioning the maxillofacial structures to alleviate airway obstruction. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of OGS in reducing apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores among OSAS patients.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Cow's Milk: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Treatment Perspectives.

Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic, antigen-driven, immune-mediated disease characterized by esophageal dysfunction and significant eosinophilic infiltration. Its rising incidence and prevalence over recent decades reflect both increased clinical awareness and the influence of environmental factors such as dietary patterns and allergen exposure. Among food allergens, cow's milk proteins are the most commonly implicated triggers, contributing to esophageal inflammation through complex immunological pathways involving both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated mechanisms.

Celiac Disease: A Transitional Point of View.

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic, lifelong, multifactorial, polygenic, and autoimmune disorder, characteristically triggered by exposure to the exogenous factor "gluten" in genetically predisposed individuals, with resulting duodenal inflammation and enteropathy, as well as heterogeneous multisystemic and extraintestinal manifestations. The immunopathogenesis of CeD is complex, favored by a peculiar human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genetic predisposition, leading to gluten presentation by antigen-presenting cells to CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, T cell-B cell interactions, and production of specific antibodies, resulting in the immune-mediated killing of enterocytes and, macroscopically, in duodenal inflammation. Here, the most relevant correlations between cellular and molecular aspects and clinical manifestations of this complex disease are reviewed, with final considerations on nutritional aspects for disease management.

Clinical Insights and Radiological Features on Multiple Sclerosis Comorbid with Migraine.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and migraine are neurological diseases, affecting young women. Migraine is the most prevalent type of headache in people with MS (pwMS). The aim of this review is to describe the clinical, radiological, and therapeutic features of MS and migraine comorbidity.

Role of Absorbable Polysaccharide Hemostatic Powder in the Prevention of Complications After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection in Breast Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.

: Although breast surgery has undergone a drastic de-escalation in recent decades, axillary dissection is still indicated in some selected cases. Unfortunately, in 3-85% of cases, complications such as seroma formation occur, highlighting the need for more accurate hemostasis systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of absorbable polysaccharide hemostatic such as Haemocer in preventing postoperative seroma.

Challenges and Innovations in Alveolar Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review on Materials, Techniques, Clinical Outcomes, and Future Directions.

This review explores the recent advancements and ongoing challenges in regenerating alveolar bone, which is essential for dental implants and periodontal health. It examines traditional techniques like guided bone regeneration and bone grafting, alongside newer methods such as stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and 3D bioprinting. Each approach is considered for its strengths in supporting bone growth and integration, especially in cases where complex bone defects make regeneration difficult.

Definition of a European pre-vasectomy scoring system to identify patients at risk of vasectomy regret.

Introduction: Vasectomy is a widely used, safe, effective method of permanent contraception and contributes to healthy sexuality.

Aims: We have conducted a 3-step observational clinical study to develop a vasectomy regret risk score and guide patients and clinicians when discussing a vasectomy.

Methods: A 3-step approach has been followed.

Management of Systemic Anti-psoriatic Drugs in Psoriasis Patients with Concurrent Paraplegia or Tetraplegia: Insights From a 6-Year Multicenter, Retrospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Patients with psoriasis (PsO) and permanent spinal cord injuries (SCI) resulting in paraplegia and tetraplegia may experience a higher rate of infections compared to patients with PsO without SCI. It can result in further challenges for therapeutic management with immunosuppressants (biological and non-biological treatments). Thus,  we aimed to evaluate the rate of infections in patients with PsO and SCI treated with systemic immunosuppressants.

Nephrectomy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A consensus statement of the ERA Genes & Kidney Working Group.

A substantial number of patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) undergo a nephrectomy, especially in work-up for a kidney transplantation. Currently, there is no evidence-based algorithm to guide clinicians which patients should undergo nephrectomy, the optimal timing of this procedure, or the preferred surgical technique. This systematic review-based consensus statement aimed to answer important questions regarding nephrectomy in ADPKD.

Challenges in treating patients with comorbid asthma and bronchiectasis.

The management of patients with overlapping asthma and bronchiectasis requires a tailored approach, starting with a comprehensive assessment of the patient's clinical profile, including the severity of asthma and the extent of bronchiectasis. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are often recommended, but their use should be carefully monitored because of the risk of increased infection. If the asthma is well controlled and the bronchiectasis remains stable, a gradual reduction in the dose of ICS may be considered.

Factors that affect alginates: a brief review.

Alginates are widely used in dentistry for various applications due to their favorable properties, including ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and patient comfort. They are commonly employed for preliminary impressions of oral structures in dental practice. This study aims to assess the impact of different factors on the performance of alginate impression materials in dentistry.

Pro-angiogenic VEGF inhibition by cadaverine and hydrocinnamic acid metabolites: impairment of periodontal regeneration due to periodontal inflammation.

Background: Cadaverine and hydrocinnamic acid are frequent metabolites in inflamed periodontal areas. Their role as a metabolite for plant growth inhibition has been established, but their relevance in humans has yet to be determined. Moreover, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VGEF) is a consistent growth factor in neo-angiogenesis in periodontal regeneration.

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Focused Vibrations Plus Kinesiotaping with Insights into Radiological Influences-An Observational Study.

Background: This observational study investigates the efficacy of combining local muscle vibration (LMV) therapy and kinesiotaping using the McConnell method (KMcCM) in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). PFPS is a prevalent knee condition characterized by anterior or medial knee pain exacerbated by activities that overload the patellofemoral joint.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of LMV combined with KMcCM in reducing pain and improving function in PFPS patients.

Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups.

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset-with data collected between 2020 and 2022 -to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions.

Basal implants as a treatment alternative for severely resorbed ridges.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes of basal implants in patients with severely resorbed ridges, including the survival and success rates, patient complaints, satisfaction, and Quality of Life.

Evidence Acquisition: An extensive electronic search was conducted on the search engines: PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using Boolean Operators (AND, OR, NOT) and the key words (basal implants, Corticobasal implants, Strategic Implants, severely resorbed ridge, severely atrophic ridge, treatment outcome, patient satisfaction) within the last 10 years.

Evidence Synthesis: A total of 21 articles were found, encompassing 9732 basal implants placed in 1219 patients.

Boswellic acid exerts anti-tumor effect in oral squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting PI3K/AKT1 mediated signaling pathway.

Background: Boswellic acid (BA) is a bioactive compound derived from Boswellia trees. This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer properties of BA against KB oral squamous cancer cells and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Escalating doses of BA were administered to KB cells, and various analyses were conducted using bioinformatic tools such as GEO, GEO2R, and STITCH database.

Conventional periodontal probing versus salivary biomarkers in diagnosis and evaluation of chronic periodontitis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Chronic periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory condition that affects both the oral health and systemic well-being of individuals, particularly those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accurate diagnosis and evaluation of periodontal status are crucial for effective management of the disease. This narrative review aimed to compare the diagnostic and evaluative capabilities of conventional periodontal probing and salivary biomarkers in chronic periodontitis among individuals with T2DM.

Immunophenotype of uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT): Case series and meta-analysis of the literature.

Objectives: This study aimed to define the frequency of positivity of several immunohistochemical markers in uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT).

Methods: All consecutive UTROSCT cases were retrieved from consultation files of one of the authors. Histological and immunohistochemical slides were reviewed.

The risk of failure of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy: from PRAETORIAN score to clinical practice.

Background: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) is an alternative to traditional ICDs. The PRAETORIAN score, based on chest radiographs, has been validated to predict the probability of successful S-ICD defibrillation testing by assessing factors like fat thickness between the coil and sternum and generator placement.

Objective: This study evaluated the correlation between the PRAETORIAN score and clinical characteristics, as well as implantation variables.

Intensified Induction Therapy for Newly Diagnosed, Localized Skeletal Ewing Sarcoma (ISG/AIEOP EW-1): A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3, Non-Inferiority Trial.

Background: Several studies have shown that the intensity of treatment in Ewing sarcoma has an impact on outcome. The present trial tested the non-inferiority of intensive, shorter, induction chemotherapy (25 weeks total treatment time) compared to the standard treatment (37 weeks) in non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma (ES) at onset.

Procedure: This national, multicenter, parallel, randomized, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority, phase III trial was conducted in 14 specialized hospitals in Italy.

Increased risk of coronary artery diseases in overweight and obese individuals is partially mediated by chronic inflammation: The EPICOR study.

Background And Aims: It is well known that being overweight or obese is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). At the same time, belonging to these categories indirectly influences other risk factors like hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidemia also through a chronic inflammation condition. The aim of this study was to establish to which extent the effect of body mass index (BMI) on CAD risk can be explained by the chronic inflammation degree, using a statistical mediation model.