Is it the right time to promote competency-based European Training Requirements in Ophthalmology? A European Board of Ophthalmology survey.

Purpose: To report national practices and recent progress in competency-based medical education (CBME) implementation in ophthalmology across European countries.

Methods: A 30-question online survey was emailed to European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) ophthalmology section delegates, European Board of Ophthalmology Diploma (EBOD) examiners and presidents of ophthalmology societies affiliated with UEMS/EBO.

Results: A total of 230 ophthalmologists with an average age of 54.

Assessing the Reliability of the Bleeding Assessment Scale in Critically Ill Children (BASIC) Definition: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To determine the reliability of the Bleeding Assessment Scale in critically Ill Children (BASIC) definition of bleeding severity in a diverse cohort of critically ill children.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Eight mixed PICUs in the Netherlands, Israel, and the United States.

Angiotensin-(1-7) infusion in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU: a seamless phase 1-2 randomized clinical trial.

Background: The coronavirus-related disease (COVID-19) is mainly characterized by a respiratory involvement. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a relevant role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, as the virus enters host's cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).

Methods: This investigator-initiated, seamless phase 1-2 randomized clinical trial was conceived to test the safety and efficacy of continuous short-term (up to 7 days) intravenous administration of Angiotensin-(1-7) in COVID-19 patients admitted to two intensive care units (ICU).

Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail apparatus: Histopathology and immunohistochemistry correlation study.

Background: Nail squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) is the most frequent ungual malignant tumor, but its incidence remains low. The histopathological description is sparse. We aim to characterize NSCC histopathological aspects, search for a correlation with clinical subtypes, and investigate immunohistochemistry expression of p16, p53, and Ki67.

Sex-related immunity: could Toll-like receptors be the answer in acute inflammatory response?

An increasing number of studies have highlighted the existence of a sex-specific immune response, wherein men experience a worse prognosis in cases of acute inflammatory diseases. Initially, this sex-dependent inflammatory response was attributed to the influence of sex hormones. However, a growing body of evidence has shifted the focus toward the influence of chromosomes rather than sex hormones in shaping these inflammatory sex disparities.

Italian Registry in the Setting of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation with Rivaroxaban - IRIS.

Background: Catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation is routinely used to obtain rhythm control. Evidence suggest that catheter ablation should be done during uninterrupted oral anticoagulation.

Methods: Italian Registry in the setting of atrial fibrillation ablation with rivaroxaban (IRIS) is an Italian multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study which enrolled 250 consecutive atrial fibrillation patients eligible for catheter ablation on rivaroxaban.

Regorafenib in patients with pretreated advanced melanoma: a single-center case series.

Melanoma patients failing all approved treatment options have a poor prognosis. The antimelanoma activity of regorafenib (REGO), a multitargeted kinase inhibitor, has not been investigated in this patient population. The objective response rate and safety of REGO treatment in advanced melanoma patients was investigated retrospectively.

Intramedullary headless compression screw fixation of the middle phalanx: tips, tricks, and pitfalls.

This report emphasizes careful consideration of surgical technique for intramedullary screw fixation in middle phalanx fractures. Highlighting pitfalls, particularly with K-wire placement, it suggests the antegrade trans-articular approach as superior, urging further research for improved patient outcomes.

Ketone Bodies after Cardiac Arrest: A Narrative Review and the Rationale for Use.

Cardiac arrest survivors suffer the repercussions of anoxic brain injury, a critical factor influencing long-term prognosis. This injury is characterised by profound and enduring metabolic impairment. Ketone bodies, an alternative energetic resource in physiological states such as exercise, fasting, and extended starvation, are avidly taken up and used by the brain.

Novelties in slipped capital femoral epiphysis imaging: A narrative review.

Rationale And Objectives: Imaging plays a key role in Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis diagnosis and severity assessment. In the last two decades, signs and measurements emerged in literature showed potential to help in SCFE diagnosis and tailoring treatment. The purpose of this review is to collect and discuss new imaging signs, measurements, and techniques according to investigations published after 2000 to improve SCFE diagnosis.

Endoscopic Management of Difficult Biliary Stones: An Evergreen Issue.

Choledocholithiasis is one of the most common indications for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in daily practice. Although the majority of stones are small and can be easily removed in a single endoscopy session, approximately 10-15% of patients have complex biliary stones, requiring additional procedures for an optimum clinical outcome. A plethora of endoscopic methods is available for the removal of difficult biliary stones, including papillary large balloon dilation, mechanical lithotripsy, and electrohydraulic and laser lithotripsy.

Improved diagnostic accuracy of readout-segmented echo-planar imaging for peripheral zone clinically significant prostate cancer: a retrospective 3T MRI study.

This study compares the readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rsEPI) from the conventional single-shot EPI (ssEPI) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the discrimination of patients with clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) within the peripheral zone (PZ) using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and pathology report from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy. We queried a retrospective monocentric database of patients with targeted biopsy. csPCa patients were defined as an International Society of Urological Pathology grade group ≥ 2.

Renorrhaphy techniques in minimally invasive partial nephrectomy: a systematic review of the literature.

Introduction: In the absence of consensus on the optimal approach to renorrhaphy in partial nephrectomy, this systematic review aims to assess the various renorrhaphy techniques and their impact on surgical outcomes.

Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review of the literature was performed in March 2022, using PubMed and Scopus, without time restrictions and research filters for studies investigating renorrhaphy techniques in partial nephrectomy. Studies providing sufficient details on renorrhaphy techniques and their outcomes during minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (PN) were included in this analysis.

The Persian Version of Reflux Sign Assessment Scale: Validity and Reliability for the Examination of Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease.

Objectives/hypothesis: The non-specificity of signs associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) makes the diagnosis challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of reflux sign assessment (RSAp) in LPRD.

Study Design: This was a methodological study.

The influence of atrial high-rate episodes on stroke and cardiovascular death: an update.

Atrial high-rate episodes (AHRE) are atrial tachyarrhythmias detected by continuous rhythm monitoring by pacemakers, defibrillators, or implantable cardiac monitors. Atrial high-rate episodes occur in 10-30% of elderly patients without atrial fibrillation. However, it remains unclear whether the presence of these arrhythmias has therapeutic consequences.

Collaboration between explainable artificial intelligence and pulmonologists improves the accuracy of pulmonary function test interpretation.

Background: Few studies have investigated the collaborative potential between artificial intelligence (AI) and pulmonologists for diagnosing pulmonary disease. We hypothesised that the collaboration between a pulmonologist and AI with explanations (explainable AI (XAI)) is superior in diagnostic interpretation of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) than the pulmonologist without support.

Methods: The study was conducted in two phases, a monocentre study (phase 1) and a multicentre intervention study (phase 2).

Automated Breast Ultrasound (ABUS): A Pictorial Essay of Common Artifacts and Benign and Malignant Pathology.

Automated breast ultrasound is a three-dimensional ultrasonographic technique allowing the evaluation of women with dense glandular breast tissue. In this group of patients, mammography has a low sensitivity because dense breasts can obscure breast cancer on mammogram. On the other hand, women with dense breast tissue, types C and D on the BI-RADS scale, are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to women with fatty breast tissue.

Left atrial strain determinants and clinical features according to the heart failure stages. New insight from EACVI MASCOT registry.

Few studies analyzed left atrial (LA) peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) determinants, particularly across heart failure (HF) stages. We aimed to analyze the pathophysiological and clinical PALS correlates in a large multicentric prospective study. This is a multicenter prospective observational study enrolling 745 patients with HF stages.