Meeting infection control standards in the OR.

Quality health care is associated with the absence of negative outcomes in patients. Institutions realize that quality cannot be assured but it can be assessed and methods can be developed to improve patient care. Many heath care institutions, therefore, have begun the conceptual transition from quality assurance model to principles of continuous quality improvement (CQI).

Intramedullary nailing after external fixation of the tibia.

Intramedullary nailing after external fixation of fractures of the tibia has high complication rates including nonunion and infection. The authors review the literature regarding this technique and refine the indications for secondary IM nailing. The report distinguishes between sequential secondary nailing and reconstructive secondary nailing.

Luxatio erecta: persistent displacement of the greater tuberosity after reduction.

The case of a 36-year-old man who sustained a luxatio erecta dislocation of his shoulder is reported. He had persistent displacement of a fracture of the greater tuberosity after closed reduction of the shoulder. The two-part fracture required operative treatment.