8,887 results match your criteria: "University Hospital of "Tor Vergata"[Affiliation]"

Introduction: Despite the generally mild course of COVID-19 in children, immunocompromised patients may experience complications or severe infection. This study reports the clinical outcomes of pediatric patients treated with nirmatrelvir and ritonavir (N/R) for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: We retrospectively reported the data of children with any immunodeficiency with COVID-19 who received N/R treatment between March 2022 and June 2023 at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital.

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Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary localization of immature granulocyte cells that can occur in association with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Gastrointestinal involvement is relatively common in MS, but exclusive colonic localization is a rare occurrence. Here, we report on a 53-year-old male patient affected by AML developing a severe abdominal pain caused by intestinal perforation requiring surgical intervention.

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Monocytes across life span in hiv infection: lights and shadows.

Curr Opin HIV AIDS

December 2024

Clinical and Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS.

Purpose Of Review: This review highlights the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection, focusing on their involvement in the inflammatory response and their function as viral targets and long-term reservoirs.

Recent Findings: Monocytes have been categorized into three subsets: classical, intermediate, and nonclassical, each with distinct functional characteristics. Advances in genetic sequencing technologies have enabled a more in-depth exploration of the phenotypic and functional variations among these subsets, particularly in the context of HIV.

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Background: BICSTaR is a multi-national, observational cohort evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in treatment-naïve (TN) and -experienced (TE) people with HIV-1 receiving bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in routine clinical care. We present the 12-month (M12) outcomes of the Italian BICSTaR cohort.

Methods: Participants initiating B/F/TAF in routine care were prospectively followed.

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Infrared Spectroscopic Electronic Noses: An Innovative Approach for Exhaled Breath Sensing.

ACS Sens

January 2025

Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.

Gastric cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, requiring the urgent development of innovative diagnostic tools for early detection. This study presents an integrated infrared spectroscopic electronic nose system, a novel device that combines infrared (IR) spectroscopy and electronic nose (eNose) concepts for analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. This system was calibrated using relevant gas mixtures and then tested during a feasibility study involving 26 gastric cancer patients and 32 healthy controls using chemometric analyses to distinguish between exhaled breath profiles.

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Dual therapies (DT) combining integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) with second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (2nd-Gen-NNRTIs) offer new possibilities for HIV treatment to improve adherence. However, drug resistance associated mutations (RAMs) to prior antiretrovirals may jeopardize the efficacy of DT. We herein describe the predicted efficacy of DT combining INSTIs + 2nd-Gen-NNRTI following treatment failure among Cameroonian patients.

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: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescriptions among persons living with HIV (PWH) in Italy. : Data from the ICONA cohort included ART-naïve individuals who started ART between January 2019 and December 2022, and ART-experienced individuals who started new ART with HIV RNA ≤50 cps/mL from January 2016 to December 2022. The analysis focused on the proportion of PWH starting or switching to dual (2DR) versus triple (3DR) ART regimens.

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Background/objectives: This study aimed to develop a novel nanotechnological slow-release drug delivery platform based on hyaluronic acid Microsponge (MSP) for the subcutaneous administration of methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation and damage, while MTX is a common disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), the conventional use of which is limited by adverse effects and the lack of release control.

Methods: MSP were synthesized as freeze-dried powder to increase their stability and allow for a facile reconstitution prior to administration and precise MTX dosing.

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections, affecting more than 150 million people each year in the world. UTIs have grown exponentially in the last few years. They represent a major load for both individuals and society.

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Establishing an Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Program.

Medicina (Kaunas)

December 2024

Department of Health Science, Anesthesia and ICU, School of Medicine, University of Basilicata San Carlo Hospital, 85100 Potenza, Italy.

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is a complex, life-saving procedure that uses mechanical support for patients with refractory cardiac arrest, representing the pinnacle of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) applications. Effective ECPR requires precise patient selection, rapid mobilization of a multidisciplinary team, and skilled cannulation techniques. Establishing a program necessitates a cohesive ECMO system that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration, which is essential for managing acute cardiogenic shock and severe pulmonary failure.

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To evaluate the clinical outcomes of cornea transplantation (penetrating keratoplasty, Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty, Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty, and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty) using donor corneas stored in Eusol-C hypothermic storage medium compared to corneas stored in organ-culture. : The clinical outcomes of 92 patients who underwent corneal transplantation with human donor corneas stored in Eusol-C medium at 2-8 °C were retrospectively evaluated. The control group consisted of 169 patients who received corneas organ-cultured at 31 °C.

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Inherited factor VII deficiency is the most common rare bleeding disorder, affecting about 1/500,000 individuals without gender predilection. Most of the patients with FVII 20-50% are asymptomatic, but post-traumatic or post-surgical bleeding may often occur since there is not an exact correlation between FVII plasma levels and the bleeding phenotype. We enrolled 19 children and adolescents with FVII levels of 20-35% and 33 controls.

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Cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM) is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, associated with high mortality and rising incidence rates in Europe despite prevention efforts. Nodular MM, the most aggressive subtype, often mimics other skin tumors, complicating diagnosis. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with a large, ulcerated tumor beneath the left scapula, along with multiple nodular lesions on the left arm and chest.

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Objectives: This study aims to report on the application of degradable starch microspheres to provide flow diversion by means of temporary embolization of healthy tissues in oncological endovascular procedures when tumor feeding vessels are not selectively accessible.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective analysis of patients undergoing visceral embolization procedures of malignancies. The inclusion criteria were as follows: flow diversion performed by injection of degradable starch microspheres, visceral embolization procedures with unfeasible superselective catheterism of the target, and a malignant pathology.

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: The gene encodes for the catalytic α subunit of Cytoplasmic phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase (FARS1), an essential enzyme for protein biosynthesis in transferring its amino acid component to tRNAs. Biallelic pathogenic variants have been associated with a multisystemic condition, characterized by variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance. Here, we report the case of an 11 year-old girl presenting interstitial lung disease, supratentorial leukoencephalopathy with brain cysts, hepatic dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, skin and joint hyperlaxity, growth retardation, and dysmorphic features.

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Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women despite advances in early detection. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is now standard for early-stage BC, with vitamin D (VD) emerging as a potential prognostic biomarker considering its positive pleiotropic effects. This review and meta-analysis assess the impact of baseline VD levels on outcomes in BC patients undergoing NACT.

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: Breastfeeding during pediatric hospitalization is often challenging, especially in a setting where nursing work environments can affect breastfeeding support. This study examines the relationship between nursing work environments and the prevalence of breastfeeding during child hospitalization, focusing on aspects such as nursing workload, stress levels, and quality of work life (QoWL). : A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in Italian pediatric hospitals from October 2023 to January 2024.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) pose a major global health issue, increasing patient safety risks and causing significant financial strain on healthcare systems.
  • A study conducted in Rome analyzed data from over 12,000 hospital patients to assess how HAIs affected hospital costs, revealing a 53.4% increase in average costs for infected patients compared to those without infections.
  • The findings underscore the necessity for targeted prevention strategies, as specific types of infections and microbes contribute to higher healthcare expenses, ultimately calling for improved efforts to minimize HAIs in hospitals.
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The role of umbilical vein blood flow assessment in the prediction of fetal growth velocity and adverse outcome: a prospective observational cohort study.

Am J Obstet Gynecol

January 2025

Department of Mother and Neonate, Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy.

Background: Identifying fetal growth restriction and distinguishing it from a constitutionally small fetus can be challenging. The umbilical vein blood flow is a surrogate parameter of the amount of oxygen and nutrients delivered to the fetus, providing valuable insights about the function of the placenta. Nevertheless, currently, this parameter is not used in the diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction.

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Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Nutritional and Pharmacological Strategies for Obesity.

Curr Obes Rep

January 2025

Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the long-term efficacy and safety of various nutritional and pharmacological strategies for managing obesity. The focus is on the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), very low-energy ketogenic therapy (VLEKT), and pharmacological interventions such as naltrexone/bupropion and liraglutide. Given the chronic nature of obesity, understanding the sustainability and impact of these treatments over time is critical.

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Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its more severe subtype, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), are highly prevalent and strongly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study sought to identify challenges to the diagnosis, treatment and management of people living with MASLD and MASH and understand the key barriers to adopting relevant clinical guidelines.

Methods: A real-world, cross-sectional study (BARRIERS-MASLD) consisting of a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews of physicians in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom was conducted from March to September 2023.

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Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of perineal access cannulas tethered to a biplanar ultrasound probe in cognitive transperineal prostate biopsies of targets identified by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) by comparing the results of the PrecisionPoint (PP) Transperineal Access System with the double-freehand (DFH) technique.

Patients And Methods: All patients who underwent cognitive transperineal prostate biopsy of mpMRI targets using the PP or DFH technique between November 2020 and September 2023 were enrolled. All data related to mpMRI target biopsies were stratified by technique, visibility in transrectal ultrasound and analysed by comparing PP versus DFH.

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Seasonality of excessive daytime sleepiness has been proposed, yet no research has specifically investigated its impact on daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in central disorders of hypersomnolence. This study examined seasonal variations in daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in narcolepsy type 1, narcolepsy type 2 and idiopathic hypersomnia. Patients included in the study were on stable pharmacological treatment, and participated in sleep medicine interviews to assess diurnal sleepiness and daytime napping and completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to assess excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 10).

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