The 3 ESTRO-EFOMP core curriculum for medical physics experts in radiotherapy.

Purpose: To update the 2011 ESTRO-EFOMP core curriculum (CC) for education and training of medical physics experts (MPE)s working in radiotherapy (RT), in line with recent EU guidelines, and to provide a framework for European countries to develop their own curriculum.

Material And Methods: Since September 2019, 27 European MPEs representing ESTRO, EFOMP and National Societies, with expertise covering all subfields of RT physics, have revised the CC for recent advances in RT. The ESTRO and EFOMP Education Councils, all European National Societies and international stakeholders have been involved in the revision process.

Prenatal diagnosis of Aicardi syndrome based on a suggestive imaging pattern: A multicenter case-series.

Objectives: To characterize a suggestive prenatal imaging pattern of Aicardi syndrome using ultrasound and MR imaging.

Methods: Based on a retrospective international series of Aicardi syndrome cases from tertiary centers encountered over a 20-year period (2000-2020), we investigated the frequencies of the imaging features in order to characterize an imaging pattern highly suggestive of the diagnosis.

Results: Among 20 cases included, arachnoid cysts associated with a distortion of the interhemispheric fissure were constantly encountered associated with complete or partial agenesis of the corpus callosum (19/20, 95%).

Abbreviated MRI for Preoperative Assessment of Breast Cancer: is Maximal Intensity Projection (MIP) of the First Post Contrast Acquisition Subtracted (Fast) Sequence Sufficient for Disease Evaluation?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of abbreviated MRI (AMRI) using the maximal intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction of the first post-contrast acquisition subtracted (FAST) compared with MIP+FAST and full-protocol MRI (fpMRI) for the preoperative assessment of breast cancer (BC) in a biopsy-proven cancer population.

Methods: In this monocentric retrospective study, two readers consensually assessed two AMRI protocols consisting of MIP reconstruction of the FAST (MIP) and MIP+FAST. 228 patients were included with a breast MRI performed between 2013 and 2014, 207 of them (90.

Daratumumab and venetoclax in combination with chemotherapy provide sustained molecular remission in relapsed/refractory CD19, CD20, and CD22 negative acute B lymphoblastic leukemia with KMT2A-AFF1 transcript.

Relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has a very poor prognosis with a median overall survival of four to nine months. Achieving a complete molecular response is most often required to obtain a sustained leukemia-free survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Immunotherapies targeting CD19, CD20, or CD22 are very efficient in achieving this goal.

Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification via Nondestructive 3D Pathology with Deep Learning-Assisted Gland Analysis.

Prostate cancer treatment planning is largely dependent upon examination of core-needle biopsies. The microscopic architecture of the prostate glands forms the basis for prognostic grading by pathologists. Interpretation of these convoluted three-dimensional (3D) glandular structures via visual inspection of a limited number of two-dimensional (2D) histology sections is often unreliable, which contributes to the under- and overtreatment of patients.

Validation of Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm for CyberKnife multileaf collimator.

Purpose: To commission and evaluate the Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation algorithm for the CyberKnife equipped with a multileaf collimator (MLC).

Methods: We created a MC model for the MLC using an integrated module of the CyberKnife treatment planning software (TPS). Two parameters could be optimized: the maximum energy and the source full width at half-maximum (FWHM).

Prognostic impact of extranodal extension in resected head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in the era of postoperative chemoradiation: A retrospective monocentric study.

Background: For patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC), surgery (S) followed by radiotherapy (RT) is a standard of care. Randomized controlled trials have shown that postoperative chemoradiation (CRT) increased the locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) in patient with R1-resection margin and/or extranodal extension (ENE). ENE has been introduced in the 8th TNM staging classification since its presence has been shown to have an independent adverse prognostic impact.

Current practice of transitional care for adolescents and young adults in Swiss paediatric and adult rheumatology centres.

Background: About half of all children with rheumatic diseases need continuous medical care during adolescence and adulthood. A good transition into adult rheumatology is essential. Guidelines for a structured transition process have therefore been recommended by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and the Paediatric Rheumatology European Society (PReS).

The Stop-tabac smartphone application for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial.

Aims: To test whether the Stop-tabac smartphone application (app) increased smoking cessation rates.

Design: A two-arm, parallel-group, individually randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Setting And Participants: A total of 5293 daily smokers (Stop-tabac = 2639, control = 2654) enrolled on app stores and on the internet in 2019-20, who lived in France or Switzerland.

Implementing advance care planning in early dementia care: results and insights from a pilot interventional trial.

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is particularly appropriate for persons with early dementia (PWED) since it promotes conversations about dementia-specific illness scenarios, addresses inconsistencies between advance directives and patients' observed behavior, emphasizes prospective and relational autonomy, and may be generally consistent with older persons' decision-making needs. However, despite evidence of its benefits, ACP is yet to become widely used among PWED. In this paper, we present a dementia-specific tool developed in Western Switzerland, discuss results of a pilot trial designed to promote ACP among PWED and their relatives, and discuss the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and the study protocol in prevision of a large scale trial.

Technical Note: Break-even dose level for hypofractionated treatment schedules.

Purpose: To derive the isodose line R relative to the prescription dose below which irradiated normal tissue (NT) regions benefit from a hypofractionated schedule with an isoeffective dose to the tumor. To apply the formalism to clinical case examples.

Methods: From the standard biologically effective dose (BED) equation based on the linear-quadratic (LQ) model, the BED of an NT that receives a relative proportion r of the prescribed dose per fraction for a given α/β-ratio of the tumor, (α/β) , and NT, (α/β) , is derived for different treatment schedules while keeping the BED to the tumor constant.

Implementation and validation of a beam-current transformer on a medical pulsed electron beam LINAC for FLASH-RT beam monitoring.

Purpose: To implement and validate a beam current transformer as a passive monitoring device on a pulsed electron beam medical linear accelerator (LINAC) for ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) irradiations in the operational range of at least 3 Gy to improve dosimetric procedures currently in use for FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) studies.

Methods: Two beam current transformers (BCTs) were placed at the exit of a medical LINAC capable of UHDR irradiations. The BCTs were validated as monitoring devices by verifying beam parameters consistency between nominal values and measured values, determining the relationship between the charge measured and the absorbed dose, and checking the short- and long-term stability of the charge-absorbed dose ratio.

On the interplay effect for moving targets treated with the CyberKnife static tracking system.

Purpose: To assess the interplay effect amplitude between different planned MU distributions and respiratory patterns in the CyberKnife system when treating moving targets with static tracking technique.

Methods: Small- and Large-Respiratory Motions (SRM and LRM) differing in amplitude and frequency were simulated in a semi-anthropomorphic dynamic thorax phantom. The interplay effect was evaluated for both respiration motions in terms of GTV coverage and conformity for three plans designed with an increasing range of MU per beam (small, medium and large).

IL-21 enhances influenza vaccine responses in aged macaques with suppressed SIV infection.

Natural aging and HIV infection are associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, immune senescence, and impaired antibody responses to vaccines such as the influenza (flu) vaccine. We investigated the role of IL-21, a CD4+ T follicular helper cell (Tfh) regulator, on flu vaccine antibody response in nonhuman primates (NHPs) in the context of age and controlled SIV mac239 infection. Three doses of the flu vaccine with or without IL-21-IgFc were administered at 3-month intervals in aged SIV+ NHPs following virus suppression with antiretroviral therapy.

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma: treatment challenges.

Purpose Of Review: Hepatosplenic lymphoma (HSTCL) is a rare T-cell malignancy occurring in young males, associated with immune deficiency in 20% of the cases which, despite aggressive treatments, has a poor survival. Specific recommendations for first-line treatment remain debatable.

Recent Findings: Published data covering case reports or series of HSTCL concur that allogeneic stem cell transplant should be proposed as a consolidation after response to chemotherapy in all patients eligible for transplant.

Prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria colonisation among asylum seekers in western Switzerland.

The recent increase of migration to Europe represents a risk of increased the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. We conducted a cross-sectional study among asylum seekers admitted at two hospitals in Switzerland. Of the 59 patients included, 9 (14%) were colonised by a MDR bacteria, including 5 (8.

A prognostic and predictive computational pathology image signature for added benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in early stage non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: We developed and validated a prognostic and predictive computational pathology risk score (CoRiS) using H&E stained tissue images from patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC).

Methods: 1330 patients with ES-NSCLC were acquired from 3 independent sources and divided into four cohorts D. D comprised 100 surgery treated patients and was used to identify prognostic features via an elastic-net Cox model to predict overall and disease-free survival.

Assessment of a strategy combining ambulatory blood pressure, adherence monitoring and a standardised triple therapy in resistant hypertension.

Purpose: Poor adherence to drug therapy and inadequate drug regimens are two frequent factors responsible for the poor blood pressure (BP) control observed in patients with apparent resistant hypertension. We evaluated the efficacy of an antihypertensive management strategy combining a standardised therapy with three long acting drugs and electronic monitoring of drug adherence in patients with apparent resistant hypertension.

Materials And Methods: In this multicentric observational study, adult patients with residual hypertension on 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABMP) despite the use of three or more antihypertensive drugs could be included.

Microbiota and Metabolite Modifications after Dietary Exclusion of Dairy Products and Reduced Consumption of Fermented Food in Young and Older Men.

The gut microbiota adapts to age-related changes in host physiology but is also affected by environmental stimuli, like diet. As a source of both pre- and probiotics, dairy and fermented foods modulate the gut microbiota composition, which makes them interesting food groups to use for the investigation of interactions between diet and ageing. Here we present the effects of excluding dairy products and limiting fermented food consumption for 19 days on gut microbiota composition and circulating metabolites of 28 healthy, young (YA) and older (OA) adult men.

Fusion transcripts FYN-TRAF3IP2 and KHDRBS1-LCK hijack T cell receptor signaling in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with poor prognosis. Up to 30% of PTCL lack distinctive features and are classified as PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). To further improve our understanding of the genetic landscape and biology of PTCL-NOS, we perform RNA-sequencing of 18 cases and validate results in an independent cohort of 37 PTCL cases.

Corrigendum: Genome Editing for CNS Disorders.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.