Changing Knowledge and Attitudes towards Bariatric Surgery in Primary Care: a 10-Year Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Some 28% of the Scottish population suffer from obesity. Bariatric procedures per population carried out in England when compared to Scotland (NBSR 2018) are significantly higher. Primary care practitioners (PCP) influence equality of access to secondary care bariatrics and frequently manage post-operative bariatric patients.

Lack of regional pathways impact on surgical delay: Analysis of the Orthopaedic Trauma Hospital Outcomes-Patient Operative Delays (ORTHOPOD) study.

Introduction: Current practice following injury within the United Kingdom is to receive surgery, at the institution of first contact regardless of ability to provide timely intervention and inconsiderate of neighbouring hospital resource and capacity. This can lead to a mismatch of demand and capacity, delayed surgery and stress within hospital systems, particularly with regards to elective services. We demonstrate through a multicentre, multinational study, the impact of this at scale.

Building consensus on the selection criteria used when providing regional anaesthesia for rib fractures. An e-Delphi study amongst a UK-wide expert panel.

Background: Rib fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and providing adequate analgesia is paramount in preventing early complications from these injuries. Multiple regional anaesthetic techniques can be used to provide analgesia for these injuries; however, few evidence-based guidelines exist for their use. The aim of this study was to establish consensus within an expert group on the selection criteria used when choosing regional anaesthetic techniques for rib fractures.

'PartBreCon' study. A UK multicentre retrospective cohort study to assess outcomes following PARTial BREast reCONstruction with chest wall perforator flaps.

Background: Partial breast reconstruction with a pedicled chest wall perforator flap (CWPF) enables breast conservation in a higher tumour: breast volume ratio scenario. Since there is limited evidence, this retrospective cohort study aimed to ascertain immediate (30-days) and medium-term (follow-up duration) surgical outcomes.

Methods: STROBE-compliant protocol ascertained CWPF outcomes between March 2011-March 2021.

Development and Validation of Risk Prediction Models for Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Symptoms.

We aimed to develop and validate prediction models incorporating demographics, clinical features, and a weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) for individual prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in patients with gastroenterological symptoms. Prediction models were developed with internal validation [CRC Cases: n = 1686/Controls: n = 963]. Candidate predictors included age, sex, BMI, wGRS, family history, and symptoms (changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, weight loss, anaemia, abdominal pain).

The relationship between pain, anxiety and depression in patients with post-intensive care syndrome.

Purpose: Survivors of critical illness frequently experience long-term symptoms including physical symptoms such as pain and emotional symptoms such as anxiety and depression. These symptoms frequently co-exist, however, at present there is limited understanding of these relationships. The aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between pain, anxiety and depression across the recovery trajectory.

Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants.

Background: The use of cerebral oximetry monitoring in the care of extremely preterm infants is increasing. However, evidence that its use improves clinical outcomes is lacking.

Methods: In this randomized, phase 3 trial conducted at 70 sites in 17 countries, we assigned extremely preterm infants (gestational age, <28 weeks), within 6 hours after birth, to receive treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth or to receive usual care.

Oxford hip and knee scores deteriorate in patients awaiting lower limb arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic and predict a health state 'worse than death'.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruption to elective orthopaedic services. The primary objective of this study was to examine changes in functional scores in patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Secondary objectives were to investigate differences between these groups and identify those in a health state 'worse than death' (WTD).

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Bag Extraction Versus Direct Extraction for Retrieval of Gallbladder After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

This analysis aims to evaluate the comparative outcomes of gallbladder extraction with a bag versus direct extraction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). A systematic online search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane database, The Virtual Health Library, Clinical trials.gov, and Science Direct.

ORthopaedic trauma hospital outcomes - Patient operative delays (ORTHOPOD) Study: The management of day-case orthopaedic trauma in the United Kingdom.

Introduction: ORTHOPOD: Day Case Trauma is a multicentre prospective service evaluation of day-case trauma surgery across four countries. It is an epidemiological assessment of injury burden, patient pathways, theatre capacity, time to surgery and cancellation. It is the first evaluation of day-case trauma processes and system performance at nationwide scale.

Ivacaftor: Five-year outcomes in the West of Scotland cystic fibrosis population.

Introduction: Ivacaftor has shown to be effective in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) with a G551D mutation.

Objectives: This work aims to evaluate ivacaftor's effectiveness and safety in the real world, over 5 years, in the West of Scotland CF population.

Methods: We evaluated ivacaftor's effect on pulmonary function, body mass index (BMI), hospital bed occupancy, and adverse effects in patients ≥6 years with at least one G551D mutation.

Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of patients with oesophagogastric cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: national study.

Background: The national response to COVID-19 has had a significant impact on cancer services. This study investigated the effect of national lockdown on diagnosis, management, and outcomes of patients with oesophagogastric cancers in Scotland.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive new patients presenting to regional oesophagogastric cancer multidisciplinary teams in National Health Service Scotland between October 2019 and September 2020.

The Perils of Riding Motocross: A Summary of this Extensive, Prospective Study.

Background: Motocross is a high-risk form of motorbiking where serious injuries occur regularly, although little data have been collected to illustrate this relationship. Over 5 years, teams from RJAH Oswestry and RSH sought to demonstrate the impact of Motocross on orthopaedic presentation and workload.

Method: Data were collected prospectively over 5 years including 615 orthopaedic injuries associated with both recreational and competitive motocross.

Evaluating pain in survivors of critical illness: the correlation between the EQ-5D-5L and the Brief Pain Inventory.

Introduction: Pain is a common and debilitating symptom in survivors of critical illness. The 'Core Outcome Set for Survivors of Acute Respiratory Failure' proposes that the pain and discomfort question of the EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) could be used to assess pain in this group, however, it was recognised that further research is required to evaluate how this single question compares to other more detailed pain tools. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the pain and discomfort question of the EQ-5D-5L and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) in survivors of critical illness.

Evaluation of Drain Insertion After Appendicectomy for Complicated Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the comparative outcomes of drain insertion versus no drain after appendicectomy for complicated appendicitis. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus was conducted, and all studies comparing drain versus no drain after appendicectomy for complicated appendicitis were included. Abdominal collection, surgical site infection (SSI), bowel obstruction, faecal fistula, paralytic ileus, length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality were the evaluated outcome parameters for the meta-analysis.

Predicted waiting times for orthopaedic surgery : an urgent need to address the deficit in capacity.

Cite this article:  2022;11(12):890-892.

Machine learning did not beat logistic regression in time series prediction for severe asthma exacerbations.

Early detection of severe asthma exacerbations through home monitoring data in patients with stable mild-to-moderate chronic asthma could help to timely adjust medication. We evaluated the potential of machine learning methods compared to a clinical rule and logistic regression to predict severe exacerbations. We used daily home monitoring data from two studies in asthma patients (development: n = 165 and validation: n = 101 patients).

The end of life experiences of people living with socio-economic deprivation in the developed world: an integrative review.

Background: Those experiencing socioeconomic deprivation have poorer quality of health throughout their life course which can result in poorer quality of death - with decreased access to palliative care services, greater use of acute care, and reduced access to preferred place of care compared with patients from less deprived populations.

Aim: To summarise the current global evidence from developed countries on end-of-life experience for those living with socio-economic deprivation.

Design: Integrative review in accordance with PRISMA.

Prognostic role of preoperative circulating systemic inflammatory response markers in primary breast cancer: meta-analysis.

Background: Circulating markers of the systemic inflammatory response are prognostic in several cancers, but their role in operable breast cancer is unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was carried out.

Methods: A search of electronic databases up to August 2020 identified studies that examined the prognostic value of preoperative circulating markers of the systemic inflammatory response in primary operable breast cancer.