analysis of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA signatures related to Sorafenib effectiveness in liver cancer cells.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of primary liver cancer with varied incidence and epidemiology worldwide. Sorafenib is still a recommended treatment for a large proportion of patients with advanced HCC. Different patterns of treatment responsiveness have been identified in differentiated hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells and metastatic HCC SNU449 cells.

Applied pharmacogenetics to predict response to treatment of first psychotic episode: study protocol.

The application of personalized medicine in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) requires tools for classifying patients according to their response to treatment, considering both treatment efficacy and toxicity. However, several limitations have hindered its translation into clinical practice. Here, we describe the rationale, aims and methodology of (the FarmaPRED-PEP project), which aims to develop and validate predictive algorithms to classify FEP patients according to their response to antipsychotics, thereby allowing the most appropriate treatment strategy to be selected.

IMPACT OF 3D-PRINTED MODELS FOR SURGICAL PLANNING IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA WITH VENOUS TUMOR THROMBUS. A RANDOMISED MULTICENTER CLINICAL TRIAL.

Purpose: To determine whether surgical planning based on 3D models allows for better surgical outcomes than conventional surgical planning in terms of 1) complications, 2) surgical time, and 3) hospital stay.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter clinical trial (NCT03738488) included 66 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma and venous thrombus extension who underwent nephrectomy with thrombectomy. Patients were randomized 1:1 to: 1) surgical planning with conventional images (control group) and 2) surgical planning with 3D-printed models (experimental group).

The effect of HLA genotype on disease onset and severity in CTLA-4 insufficiency.

Introduction: Human Cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4 (CTLA-4) insufficiency caused by heterozygous germline mutations in is a complex immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency syndrome presenting with reduced penetrance and variable disease expressivity, suggesting the presence of disease modifiers that trigger the disease onset and severity. Various genetic and non-genetic potential triggers have been analyzed in CTLA-4 insufficiency cohorts, however, none of them have revealed a clear association to the disease. Multiple HLA haplotypes have been positively or negatively associated with various autoimmune diseases and inborn errors of immunity (IEI) due to the relevance of MHC in the strength of the T cell responses.

A genomic strategy for precision medicine in rare diseases: integrating customized algorithms into clinical practice.

Background: Despite the use of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) as the gold standard for the diagnosis of rare diseases, its clinical implementation has been challenging, limiting the cost-effectiveness of NGS and the understanding, control and safety essential for decision-making in clinical applications. Here, we describe a personalized NGS-based strategy integrating precision medicine into a public healthcare system and its implementation in the routine diagnosis process during a five-year pilot program.

Methods: Our approach involved customized probe designs, the generation of virtual panels and the development of a personalized medicine module (PMM) for variant prioritization.

Simplified acid extraction and quantification of histones in human tumor cells.

Histones are essential nuclear proteins that package eukaryotic DNA into chromosomes, play a vital role in gene regulation, DNA replication, DNA repair and chromosome condensation. Understanding histone modifications is crucial for grasping biological and disease-related processes. Specific alterations in histone modifications serve as sensitive and selective biomarkers for conditions like cancer, impacting both tumor and immune cells and affecting their interactions.

A randomised phase III study of bevacizumab and carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy with or without atezolizumab, as first-line treatment for advanced pleural mesothelioma: results of the ETOP 13 18 BEAT-meso trial.

Background: The currently approved frontline treatments for diffuse pleural mesothelioma (DPM) are ipilimumab-nivolumab or platinum-pemetrexed. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy improves overall survival (OS). While single-agent immunotherapy or chemotherapy-immunotherapy combinations are superior to chemotherapy monotherapy, there is a potential for synergistic triple combination of chemotherapy, bevacizumab, and immunotherapy.

Cost-effectiveness of follow-up algorithms for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in pulmonary embolism survivors.

Introduction: Achieving an early diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in pulmonary embolism (PE) survivors results in better quality of life and survival. Importantly, dedicated follow-up strategies to achieve an earlier CTEPH diagnosis involve costs that were not explicitly incorporated in the models assessing their cost-effectiveness. We performed an economic evaluation of 11 distinct PE follow-up algorithms to determine which should be preferred.

Influence of a cardiac rehabilitation programme on the return to work of workers with ischaemic heart disease: Influence of a cardiac rehabilitation programme.

This study aimed to examine the employment status of patients who have experienced ischemic heart disease one year after undergoing cardiac rehabilitation. For this, a quasi-experimental pre-post study without a control group of active workers aged 18 to 65 years diagnosed with ischemic heart disease and included in a cardiac rehabilitation programme was conducted. Sociodemographic and occupational data, cardiovascular risk factors and clinical-therapeutic data on heart disease were collected.

Intraoperative liquid biopsy as a tool for detecting R1 resection during pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic carcinoma: the CETUPANC trial (part II).

Introduction: A positive surgical margin (R1 resection) is a relevant risk factor for local recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (PDAC). An intraoperative liquid biopsy (ILB) based on tumor cell mobilization could help to detect R1 resection intraoperatively.

Objective: To evaluate the potential role of the intraoperative circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cluster mobilization on the R0/R1 detection.

Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization-defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD.

Impact of obesity on iron metabolism and the effect of intravenous iron supplementation in obese patients with absolute iron deficiency.

Obesity and iron deficiency (ID) are widespread health issues, with subclinical inflammation in obesity potentially contributing to ID through unclear mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to elucidate how obesity-associated inflammation disturb iron metabolism and to investigate the effect of intravenous (IV) iron supplementation on absolute iron deficient pre-obese (BMI 25.0-29.

Efficacy and safety of the PHIL embolic agent in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: results of the PHIL-dAVF study.

Background And Purpose: Embolization is the first-line treatment for dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVF). The precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL) embolic agent is a non-adhesive copolymer with specific features and endovascular behavior. This study assessed its safety and efficacy in a prospective real-life cohort.

Angiogenic factors versus fetomaternal Doppler for fetal growth restriction at term: an open-label, randomized controlled trial.

Small fetuses, with estimated fetal weight (EFW) below the tenth percentile, are classified as fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small for gestational age (SGA) based on prenatal ultrasound. FGR fetuses have a greater risk of stillbirth and perinatal complications and may benefit from serial ultrasound scans to guide early delivery. Abnormal serum angiogenic factors, such as the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1):placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio, have shown potential to more accurately distinguish FGR from SGA, with fewer false positives.

Persistent elite controllers as the key model to identify permanent HIV remission.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize the heterogeneity in the elite controllers population with the aim to identify a compatible profile with a persistent HIV remission, making distinction between persistent elite controllers, people with HIV (PWHIV) who permanently maintain virological control in the absence of antiretroviral treatment (ART), and transient elite controllers, PWHIV who eventually lose virological control. For this purpose, it is important to consider the mechanisms and biomarkers that have previously been associated with the maintenance and loss of the natural virological control.

Recent Findings: Transient elite controllers, before losing virological control, exhibit a distinct metabolomic, proteomic, microRNAs (miRNA), immunological and virological profile compared to persistent elite controllers.

Physical Activity and Exercise Interventions in Abdominal Wall Hernia Patients: Impact on Quality of Life and Health Outcomes - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Abdominal wall hernias are a common pathology in the surgical field, often leading to symptoms such as pain and tightness that can significantly reduce quality of life. Some studies have suggested that exercise and physical activity may improve both quality of life and health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of exercise on quality of life and health outcomes in abdominal wall hernia patients through a qualitative systematic review and a quantitative meta-analysis.

Can ICD Electrograms Help Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation?: Results From the Multicenter Randomized AIDEG-VTA Trial.

Background: The results of ablation of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) are suboptimal. For many patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), ICD electrograms (ICD-EGs) provide the only available information on SMVT. ICD-EGs have the ability to distinguish morphologically distinct SMVT and can be used for pace mapping.

Evaluating the Clinical Impact of a Polyphenol-Rich Extract from on Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and Minor Stroke.

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a well-established risk factor for future strokes, making interventions that target recovery and vascular risk crucial. This study aimed to assess the safety and clinical effects of a polyphenol-rich extract in post-TIA patients. A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with participants who had a history of TIA or minor stroke and who received 1 g of Salicornia extract or placebo over 11 months.

Predictive Modeling of Heart Rate from Respiratory Signals at Rest in Young Healthy Humans.

Biological signals such as respiration (RSP) and heart rate (HR) are oscillatory and physiologically coupled, maintaining homeostasis through regulatory mechanisms. This report models the dynamic relationship between RSP and HR in 45 healthy volunteers at rest. Cross-correlation between RSP and HR was computed, along with regression analysis to predict HR from RSP and its first-order time derivative in continuous signals.

Predictive Factors of the Degrees of Malnutrition According to GLIM Criteria in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Valor Group.

Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer, with relevant consequences in the treatment results. Multicenter observational study including 514 patients diagnosed with HNC. The morphofunctional assessment was carried out during the first 2 weeks of radiotherapy treatment.

Executive Summary: Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Resistant Tuberculosis of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC).

The Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) have developed together Clinical Practice Guidelines (GPC) on the management of people affected by tuberculosis (TB) resistant to drugs with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These clinical practice guidelines include the latest updates of the SEPAR regulations for the diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB from 2017 and 2020 as the starting point. The methodology included asking relevant clinical questions based on PICO methodology, a literature search focusing on each question, and a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence, with a summary of this evidence for each question.

Filamin A C-terminal fragment modulates Orai1 expression by inhibition of protein degradation.

Filamin A (FLNA) is an actin-binding protein that has been reported to interact with STIM1 modulating the activation of Orai1 channels. Cleaving of FLNA by calpain leads to a C-terminal fragment that is involved in a variety of functional and pathological events, including pro-oncogenic activity in different types of cancer. Here we show that full-length FLNA is downregulated in samples from colon cancer patients as well as in the adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29.

Printed Models for Better Prediction of Surgery in Patients with Double Outlet Right Ventricle.

The complex and variable anatomy of complex double outlet right ventricle makes it imperative to understand the spatial anatomic structures to determine whether it is feasible to repair the anomaly in a biventricular or univentricular fashion. Biventricular repair should be aimed for but is not always feasible. Choosing the correct surgical technique is of great importance in surgical planning of biventricular repair.

Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies display a signature alteration of their cognitive connectome.

Cognition plays a central role in the diagnosis and characterization of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). However, the complex associations among cognitive deficits in different domains in DLB are largely unknown. To characterize these associations, we investigated and compared the cognitive connectome of DLB patients, healthy controls (HC), and Alzheimer's disease patients (AD).