Clinical Outcomes of First-line Therapies for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review of Trials Published Between 2010 and 2020.

Objectives: To analyze the evolution of clinical outcomes derived from clinical trials on first-line therapies for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) published between 2010 and 2020, focusing on how these outcomes impact survival rates and management of patients.

Methods: A systematic review of phase III and pivotal phase II clinical trials was conducted by a structured search on Medline and Embase. A comprehensive set of variables was collected to assess their influence on survival rates.

Vertebral osteomyelitis after spine instrumentation surgery: risk factors and management.

Background: Vertebral osteomyelitis after spine instrumentation surgery (pVOM) is a rare complication. Most cases of infection occur early after surgery that involve skin and soft tissue and can be managed with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR).

Aim: To identify pVOM risk factors and evaluate management strategies.

CRISPR-Cas13a-Based Assay for Accurate Detection of OXA-48 and GES Carbapenemases.

Carbapenem-resistant pathogens have been recognized as a health concern as they are both difficult to treat and detect in clinical microbiology laboratories. Researchers are making great efforts to develop highly specific, sensitive, accurate, and rapid diagnostic techniques, required to prevent the spread of these microorganisms and improve the prognosis of patients. In this context, CRISPR-Cas systems are proposed as promising tools for the development of diagnostic methods due to their high specificity; the Cas13a endonuclease can discriminate single nucleotide changes and displays collateral cleavage activity against single-stranded RNA molecules when activated.

Endoscopic-assisted en-bloc pterygomaxillectomy: Identifying an efficient and safe location for the pterygoid osteotomy.

Background: For aggressive maxillary sinus and pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) tumors, an en-bloc pterygomaxillectomy may be indicated.

Methods: Five head specimens were used to study the feasibility of an en-bloc pterygomaxillectomy. Eighty-five non-pathological CT scans were used to compare the superior edge of the inferior turbinate (IT) and the middle turbinate tail (MT) as landmarks for the pterygoid osteotomy.

Adverse events of antibody-drug conjugates on the ocular surface in cancer therapy.

Antibody-drug conjugates consist of a monoclonal antibody attached to a cytotoxic therapeutic molecule by a connector. This association allows a highly specific therapy, which increases their effectiveness and decreases their potential toxicity. This new therapy emerged approximately 20 years ago; since then, numerous combinations have appeared in the field of treatment-related neoplasms as an alternative for patients who do not achieve good results with conventional treatment options.

Development and internal validation of a multivariable prediction model for the quality of life of cervical cancer survivors.

Purpose: To elaborate a prediction model for quality of life of cervical cancer survivors.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on 229 cervical cancer survivors. The quality of life measures included the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Cervix version 4.

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma: a critical appraisal focused on specific subpopulations.

The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the landscape of treatment of advanced melanoma in recent years. Based on the efficacy results of the phase III CheckMate 067 trial, nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab is one of the first-line standard options for advanced melanoma along with pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and, recently, nivolumab plus relatlimab. Counterbalancing its efficacy, nivolumab plus ipilimumab is associated with severe immune-related toxicity.

Projected effectiveness of dapagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in clinical practice.

To estimate the projected effectiveness of dapagliflozin in subjects with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction in clinical practice in Spain. This multicenter cohort study included subjects aged 50 years or older consecutively hospitalized for HF in internal medicine departments in Spain. The projected clinical benefits of dapagliflozin were estimated based on results from the DAPA-HF trial.

Target temperature in post-arrest comatous patients. Is something changed in the postpandemic era?

Introduction: The recommended target temperature in the treatment of comatous patients after cardiac arrest has recently changed. We analyzed the impact on the neurological outcome of a change in the target temperature from July 2021.

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis comparing the discharge status of 78 patients with a target temperature of 33 °C (group 1) with that of 24 patients with a target temperature of 36.

Efficacy and safety of different antimicrobial DURATions for the treatment of Infections associated with Osteosynthesis Material implanted after long bone fractures (DURATIOM): Protocol for a randomized, pragmatic trial.

Background: Infection associated with osteosynthesis material (IOM) is one of the most feared and challenging complications of trauma surgery and can cause significant functional loss, requiring multiple interventions and excessive consumption of antimicrobials. Evidence is needed about the best surgical procedure and the duration of antibiotic treatment according to the age of the implant or onset of infection symptoms, as it considers the biofilm formation and the state of fracture healing. There were not clinical trials evaluating the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy in IOM when implant is retained.

Effectiveness, safety, and prognostic factors of trifluridine/tipiracil for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in routine clinical practice.

Background: The combination of trifluridine and tipiracil is indicated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated or non-candidates to chemotherapy and biological therapies. This study in routine clinical practice aimed to describe the effectiveness and safety of trifluridine and tipiracil and identify prognostic factors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in Spain.

Methods: This analysis was a retrospective, observational, multicenter study that included patients aged ≥18 years who had received treatment with trifluridine/tipiracil for metastatic colorectal cancer in third- or subsequent lines.

Role of Fibroblasts in Chronic Inflammatory Signalling in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps-A Systematic Review.

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses characterized by the presence of nasal polyps. The symptoms produced by the presence of nasal polyps such as nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, facial pain, headache, and loss of smell cause a worsening in the quality of life of patients. The source of the nasal polyps remains unclear, although it seems to be due to a chronic inflammation process in the sinonasal mucosa.

Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer (LySEC): Patterns of Recurrence and Predictors. A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study of the Spain Gynecologic Oncology Group.

The main aim is to compare oncological outcomes and patterns of recurrence of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer according to lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status. The secondary objective is to determine preoperative predictors of LVSI. We performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Using machine learning to predict antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients: the multicentre ORCHESTRA cohort.

Objectives: The study aim was to assess predictors of negative antibody response (AbR) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients after the first booster of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Methods: Solid organ transplant recipients receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were prospectively enrolled (March 2021-January 2022) at six hospitals in Italy and Spain. AbR was assessed at first dose (t), second dose (t), 3 ± 1 month (t), and 1 month after third dose (t).

Treatment of severe atopic dermatitis with tralokinumab in clinical practice: short-term effectiveness and safety results.

Background: Tralokinumab was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and is the first selective interleukin (IL)-13 inhibitor that specifically neutralizes IL-13 with high affinity.

Objectives: To determine the real-life short-term effectiveness and safety of tralokinumab treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective study was conducted including adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD who started tralokinumab treatment from 1 April to 30 June 2022 in 16 Spanish hospitals.

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancies: a report from the EPICOVIDEHA registry.

Background: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment decreases the hospitalisation rate in immunocompetent patients with COVID-19, but data on efficacy in patients with haematological malignancy are scarce. Here, we describe the outcome of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in a large cohort of the latter patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the multicentre EPICOVIDEHA registry (NCT04733729) on patients with haematological malignancy, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and September 2022.

False ST-segment elevation by artifact due to an infusion pump.

A patient admitted for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome showed an episode of ST-segment elevation on the monitor. These alterations were due to an artifact produced by the administration of a saline bolus through an infusion pump that disappeared at the end of the bolus. Our findings highlight that the interpretation of the electrocardiogram requires careful analysis and correlation with the clinical situation and with other physiological parameters.

Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in solid organ transplant recipients with bloodstream infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

We aimed to compare the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) versus the best available therapy (BAT) in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with bloodstream infection caused by carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP-BSI). A retrospective (2016-2021) observational cohort study was performed in 14 INCREMENT-SOT centers (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02852902; Impact of Specific Antimicrobials and MIC Values on the Outcome of Bloodstream Infections Due to ESBL- or Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Solid Organ Transplantation: an Observational Multinational Study).

Conjunctival Inflammation and Panuveitis as Manifestations of Ig-G4-Related Disease: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report a case of isolated conjunctival inflammation as initial manifestation of IgG4-related disease and subsequent development of panuveitis.

Case Report: A 75-year-old female presented with a diffuse mass lesion in the temporal area of the left eye, involving the conjunctiva, and an abscessed corneal ulcer. An incisional biopsy was diagnostic of IgG4-related disease with an elevated IgG4/IgG ratio (>40%) and the presence of >10 cells that tested positive for IgG4/CGA.