A Case of Acinic Cell Carcinoma with SYN2::PPARG Fusion.

Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is a salivary gland malignancy most commonly arising in the parotid gland. It is the second most common salivary gland carcinoma in children. It is characterised by neoplastic cells with acinar morphology arranged in variably architectural features, including solid, cystic or follicular patterns.

National audit of patient reported experience of radical cystectomy for bladder cancer pathways.

Objective: The objective of this study was to measure and describe the national patient experience of radical cystectomy (RC) pathways in the UK using the validated Cystectomy-Pathway Assessment Tool (C-PAT).

Patients And Methods: A cohort of 1081 patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer, between 1 January 2021 and 31 July 2022 at 33 UK cystectomy centres, returned completed C-PAT responses. SPSS was employed for data summary statistics, including median, interquartile range, Mann Whitney U test or Chi-square test with a 95% confidence interval to assess statistical significance between potentially associated variables.

Surfactant Phospholipid Kinetics in Ventilated Children after Therapeutic Surfactant Supplementation.

Acute lung Injury leads to alterations in surfactant lipid composition and metabolism. Although several mechanisms contribute to dysregulated surfactant metabolism, studies investigating in vivo surfactant metabolism are limited. The aim of this study is to characterise surfactant phospholipid composition and flux utilising a stable isotope labelling technique in mechanically ventilated paediatric patients.

Monoallelic de novo variants in DDX17 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder.

DDX17 is an RNA helicase shown to be involved in critical processes during the early phases of neuronal differentiation. Globally, we compiled a case-series of 11 patients with neurodevelopmental phenotypes harbouring de novo monoallelic variants in DDX17. All 11 patients in our case series had a neurodevelopmental phenotype, whereby intellectual disability, delayed speech and language, and motor delay predominated.

Cycles of susceptibility: Immunity debt explains altered infectious disease dynamics post -pandemic.

The concept of immunity debt is a phenomenon resulting from the suppression of endemic pathogens during the COVID-19 pandemic due to non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). The reduced circulation of various pathogens during the pandemic, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), altered typical infectious disease dynamics by reducing levels of population immunity usually acquired through exposure to infection. This concept is demonstrated through post-pandemic resurgence of diseases such as RSV and Group A Streptococcus, and highlights the interplay between reduced pathogen exposure and increased susceptibility in populations.

Quantifying the effect of interpregnancy maternal weight and smoking status changes on childhood overweight and obesity in a UK population-based cohort.

Background: Maternal preconception and pregnancy exposures have been linked to offspring adiposity. We aimed to quantify the effect of changes in maternal weight and smoking status between pregnancies on childhood overweight/obesity (≥ 85th centile) and obesity (≥ 95th centile) rates in second children.

Methods: Records for 5612 women were drawn from a population-based cohort of routinely collected antenatal healthcare records (2003-2014) linked to measured child body mass index (BMI) age 4-5 years.

Cost-effectiveness intervention thresholds for romosozumab and teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis in the UK.

Unlabelled: Sequential romosozumab-to-alendronate or sequential teriparatide-to-alendronate can be a cost-effective treatment option for postmenopausal women at very high risk of fracture.

Purpose: To estimate the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) at which sequential treatment with romosozumab or teriparatide followed by alendronate, compared with alendronate alone, becomes cost-effective in a UK setting.

Methods: A microsimulation model with a Markov structure was used to simulate fractures, costs, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), in women receiving sequential treatment with either romosozumab or teriparatide followed by alendronate, compared with alendronate alone.

The impact of food aid interventions on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health in households with children in high-income countries: a systematic review.

Objective: Households with children accessing food aid in high-income countries are often food insecure. We aimed to review the evidence on food aid interventions in households with children and impact on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health.

Design: A systematic search was conducted using Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO.

Misaligned or misheard? Physical activity and healthy eating messaging to ethnic minority communities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study and scoping review.

This mixed-methods study identified physical activity (PA) and healthy eating messages produced during the COVID-19 pandemic and explored how they were received by UK ethnic minority communities. A scoping review of research and grey literature identified categories of PA and healthy eating messaging targeted at ethnic minorities. Individual and group interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Fracture Risk Prediction Using the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool in Individuals With Cancer.

Importance: The Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) is a fracture risk prediction tool for 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture in the general population. Whether FRAX is useful in individuals with cancer is uncertain.

Objective: To determine the performance of FRAX for predicting incident fractures in individuals with cancer.

Resistance- and endurance-trained young men display comparable carotid artery strain parameters that are superior to untrained men.

Purpose: Central arterial stiffness, a predictor of cardiovascular risk, attenuates with endurance-exercise in ageing populations. However, in young individuals, this effect is inconsistent and emerging evidence suggests resistance-exercise may increase arterial stiffness. Two-dimensional (2D)-Strain imaging of the common carotid artery (CCA) is more sensitive at detecting endurance-training induced alterations in CCA stiffness than conventional methods, but has not been used to examine CCA stiffness in young resistance-trained individuals.

Long COVID and Health Inequalities: What's Next for Research and Policy Advocacy?

Introduction: Organised by the 'Qualitative Long Covid Network', a workshop for qualitative Long COVID (LC) researchers, LC charity representatives and people with LC took place in June 2023, where research on the intersectional inequalities affecting LC prevalence, recognition and care was shared and discussed.

Methods: Five key themes were drawn up from presentations, discussions and reflections during the workshop, which are presented in this study.

Results: The following five themes are discussed: the unfairness of LC, difficulties in accessing care, mistrust of the healthcare system, a lack of understanding of LC and experiences of stigma and discrimination.

A novel whole blood assay to quantify the release of T cell associated cytokines in response to Bordetella pertussis antigens.

Background: Bordetella pertussis continues to cause whooping cough globally even in countries with high immunisation coverage. Booster vaccinations with acellular pertussis vaccines are thus used in children, adolescents, and adults. T cell immunity is crucial for orchestrating the immune response after vaccination.