4,799 results match your criteria: "University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust[Affiliation]"

Background: Global demand for care during the last year of life (end-of-life) is rising and with shortfalls in community healthcare services, paramedics are increasingly called on to deliver this. Despite this growing demand on the paramedic workforce, little large-scale or detailed empirical research has evaluated current practice and paramedic experiences of attending this patient group. Therefore, as part of a wider study evaluating paramedic delivery of end-of-life care, a large-scale survey in England describing paramedics' current practice and experiences providing end-of-life care was undertaken.

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Background: Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) above 94% is typical in children in paediatric intensive critical care units (PICUs) who are receiving invasive ventilation and supplemental oxygen. In a previous report from the Oxy-PICU trial, we showed that lower (conservative) oxygenation targets (SpO 88-92%) are beneficial, showing small but statistically significant differences in duration of organ support and large but non-significant cost reductions at 30 days. In this pre-specified analysis of the Oxy-PICU trial, we compare longer-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness of conservative versus liberal (SpO >94%) oxygenation targets in children with emergency PICU admission.

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Objective: To propose a new definition for SLEDAI arthritis informed by imaging.

Methods: We performed a planned secondary analysis of observational data from a multicentre study evaluating SLE patients with inflammatory joint pain (swelling not required) using various clinical instruments, laboratory tests and ultrasound. For SLEDAI arthritis, assessors (blinded to ultrasound) were asked which of the glossary terms for arthritis in any version of the SLEDAI drove their decision to score for arthritis.

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Introduction Small group teaching strategies have been considered more efficient than didactic lectures in motivating trainees. There is a lack of studies focusing on the use of small group discussions for higher surgical training. The aims of the current study were to report the implementation of small group teaching and to move away from didactic lectures for a regional trauma and orthopaedics higher surgical trainee teaching programme.

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The impact of living with multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) on everyday life - a qualitative evidence synthesis.

BMC Public Health

December 2024

School of Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.

Background: Multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), living with two or more long-term conditions (LTCs), often termed multimorbidity, has a high and increasing prevalence globally with earlier age of onset in people living in deprived communities. A holistic understanding of the patient's perspective of the work associated with living with MLTCs is needed. This study aimed to synthesise qualitative evidence describing the experiences of people living with MLTCs (multimorbidity) and to develop a greater understanding of the effect on people's lives and ways in which living with MLTCs is 'burdensome' for people.

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Background: Deterioration of the cardiac conduction system is an important manifestation of cardiac ageing. Cellular ageing is accompanied by telomere shortening and telomere length (TL) is often regarded as a marker of biological ageing, potentially adding information regarding conduction disease over and above chronological age. We therefore sought to evaluate the association between leucocyte telomere length (LTL) on two related, but distinct aspects of the cardiac conduction system: ECG measures of conduction (PR interval and QRS duration) and incident pacemaker implantation in a large population-based cohort.

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Extremity radiation exposure in nuclear medicine is a growing concern because it may surpass the maximum permissible dose of 500 mSv. This study aimed to assess the occupational nger dose received by technologists during the preparation and administration of 18F-FDG radiopharmaceuticals in PET-CT whole-body scan procedures. Fifty scans were selected, with one procedure excluded due to a high administered activity.

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Preterm birth (delivery prior to 37 weeks) appears to be rising globally, increasing the risk of a myriad of down-stream disorders which affect families, their offspring and society, including increased morbidity, mortality and economic costs. Strategies for prevention of preterm birth have therefore become a priority among healthcare providers. One proposed strategy is increased consumption of Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (from food or supplements) in women of childbearing age and during pregnancy.

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The genomic and clinical consequences of replacing procarbazine with dacarbazine in escalated BEACOPP for Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective, observational study.

Lancet Oncol

December 2024

Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Procarbazine-containing chemotherapy regimens are associated with cytopenias and infertility, suggesting stem-cell toxicity. When treating Hodgkin lymphoma, procarbazine in escalated-dose bleomycin-etoposide-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide-vincristine-procarbazine-prednisolone (eBEACOPP) is increasingly replaced with dacarbazine (eBEACOPDac) to reduce toxicity. We aimed to investigate the impact of this drug substitution on the mutation burden in stem cells, patient survival, and toxicity.

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Quantitative Contribution of Clinical Attacks to Residual Disability in Patients With AQP4-Antibody Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Neurology

January 2025

From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (B.C., A.F., R.G., M.I.S.L., J.P.), Oxford University Hospitals, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (B.C.), Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China; University Hospitals Sussex National Health Service Foundation Trust (S.A.C.), Brighton; Centre for Preventive Neurology (R.D.), Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (Y.H.), UCL Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London; Department of Paediatric Neurology (Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London; Department of Neurology (C. Halfpenny), University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (C. Hemingway), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London and Institute of Neurology; Department of Neurology (J.C.H.), University of Plymouth Faculty of Health and University Hospitals; Department of Ophthalmology (E.O.S.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (W.R.), St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (R.J.M.), Gloucestershire Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (V.W.), King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London; Department of Neurology (V.W.), Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London; Department of Paediatric Neurology (S.R.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford; and Neurology Department (R.G.), Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Foundation Health Trust, Slough, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how clinical attacks contribute to ongoing disability in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD).
  • A total of 165 patients were analyzed using disability scores recorded after at least six months post-attack, with findings showing a significant increase in disability scores correlating with the number and type of relapses.
  • Results indicated that specific relapse types, particularly the combination of transverse myelitis and optic neuritis, had the most substantial impact on increasing residual disability.
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Feasibility Testing of a Health Literacy Intervention With Adolescents and Young Adults in South Africa: The LifeLab Soweto Programme.

Health Expect

December 2024

SA MRC-Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Introduction: Low health literacy levels during adolescence and young adulthood (AYA) may impact acute healthcare access and longer-term health outcomes. Previous research in South African AYA suggests that health literacy levels are typically suboptimal but few interventions exist. This study aimed to test the acceptability and feasibility of a co-created, interactive health literacy intervention (LifeLab-Soweto) with AYA in Soweto, South Africa.

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Reply to H. Daungsupawong et al.

Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg

December 2024

Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.

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Interleukin (IL)-33 is released following tissue damage, causing airway inflammation and remodelling via reduced IL-33 (IL-33)/serum stimulation-2 (ST2) and oxidised IL-33 (IL-33)/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways. This study aimed to identify associations of IL-33 with clinical outcomes and pathological mechanisms during viral lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD). Ultra-sensitive immunoassays were developed to measure IL-33, IL-33 and IL-33/sST2 complexes in samples from patients hospitalised with COVID-19.

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Optimising preconception health in women and men holds significant potential for improving pregnancy and offspring health outcomes. To create a picture of the state of preconception health in the UK, this study aimed to describe the prevalence of and changes in preconception health indicators reported in three British birth cohort studies: the 1970 British Birth Cohort Study (BCS70; born in 1970; N = 17,198), Next Steps (1989-1990; N = 15,770), and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS; 2000-2002; N = 19,517). The analysis focused on data obtained during participants' adolescence (16-17 years) and subsequent follow-ups at 25-26 years for BCS70 and Next Steps.

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Objective: To compare faecal calprotectin, plasma amino acids and clinical outcomes in preterm infants receiving powdered human milk-based fortifier (PHMF) compared to powdered bovine milk-based fortifier (PBMF) in preterm infants on an otherwise exclusive human milk diet (EHMD).

Methods: A randomised controlled trial in infants <32 weeks of gestation or <1500 g who only received human milk and had reached full enteral feeds (150 mL/kg/day), without pre-existing gastrointestinal morbidity. Primary outcome was faecal calprotectin within 21 days of starting fortification; secondary outcomes were calprotectin at discharge, plasma amino acids and clinical outcomes, including growth and neonatal morbidities.

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Satiety Hormone LEAP2 After Low-Calorie Diet With/Without Endobarrier Insertion in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

J Endocr Soc

November 2024

PsychoNeuroEndocrinology Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK.

Context: The liver/foregut satiety hormone liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is an inverse agonist at the acyl ghrelin receptor (GHSR), increasing after food intake and decreasing after bariatric surgery and short-term nonsurgical weight loss, but effects of long-term dietary weight loss are unknown.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine and compare the effects of these interventions on fasting and postprandial plasma LEAP2 and investigate potential metabolic mediators of changes in plasma LEAP2.

Methods: Plasma LEAP2 was measured in a previously published 2-year trial comparing standard medical management (SMM) (including 600-kcal/day deficit) with duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL, Endobarrier) insertion (explanted after 1 year) in adults with obesity and inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Emerging mechanisms of organ crosstalk: The role of oxylipins.

Nutr Bull

December 2024

Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

There is growing interest in the role of oxylipins in the pathophysiology of several diseases. This is accompanied by a limited but evolving evidence base describing augmented oxylipin concentrations in a range of complications including cardiovascular disease, obesity, liver disease and neurological disorders. Despite this, literature describing oxylipin profiles in blood and multiple organs is inconsistent and the mechanisms by which these profiles are altered, and the relationships between localised tissue and circulating oxylipins are poorly understood.

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Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an innovative mechanism used for imaging and provides higher spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity in comparison with the orthodox energy-integrating detectors (EIDs). Unlike EID-based CT systems, which indirectly convert X-ray photons to electrical signals, PCCT directly counts and quantifies each photon's energy, enhancing image quality and material separation. With all of these features, PCCT is especially useful for cardiovascular imaging, where it is essential to precisely observe cardiac tissues, vascular structures, and coronary arteries.

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Does coiling of the proximal end of the ureteral stent affect stent-related symptoms?

World J Urol

December 2024

EAU Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Urolithiasis and Endourology Working Group Arnhem, Arnhem, NL-6803, The Netherlands.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of coiling of the proximal end of the ureteral stent on stent-related symptoms (SRS) in in subgroup of patients undergoing preoperative ureteral stenting preceding flexible retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Materials And Methods: We performed a prospective comparative study including patients undergoing stent placement 7-10 days prior to RIRS. Patients were divided into 2 groups; in Group 1 coiling of proximal end of the DJ was present, while in Group 2 coiling was absent.

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