Yellow meconium.

The intestinal content of newborns is known as meconium, usually described as a black-greenish slimy substance. However, in rare cases, meconium might be yellow. This is of great relevance with regard to the forensic assessment of life birth, i.

Metastasis-directed stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer: results of an international multicenter cohort study.

Metastasis-directed therapy (MDT) for oligometastatic breast cancer (≤ 5 metastases) has shown little effect in specific scenarios of randomized trials. Therefore, we aimed to assess outcomes after metastasis-directed stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) in various clinical scenarios. We conducted an international retrospective cohort study in thirteen centers including breast cancer patients receiving SRT to any metastatic site.

Correlation Between Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Analysis of Individual Patient Data from Randomized GHSG Trials.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the correlation of progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after first-line treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and the potential of PFS to serve as a surrogate parameter for OS.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed individual patient data obtained during and after treatment with polychemotherapy within nine randomized phase III trials (GHSG HD7-HD15) between 01/93 - 08/18. Effects of 16 experimental treatments on PFS and OS on trial level were evaluated by estimation of the treatment effects with Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression and a linear weighted least squares regression.

European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for melanoma. Part 1: Diagnostics - Update 2024.

This guideline was developed in close collaboration with multidisciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma were developed on the basis of systematic literature research and consensus conferences. Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the most dangerous form of skin tumor and accounts for 90 % of skin cancer mortality.

Sex specific differences in short-term mortality after ICU-delirium.

Introduction: Delirium is a frequent complication in critically ill patients and is associated with adverse outcomes such as long-term cognitive impairment and increased mortality. It is unknown whether there are sex-related differences in intensive care unit (ICU) delirium and associated outcomes. We aimed to assess sex-specific differences in short-term mortality following ICU-delirium.

T-cell diversity and exclusion of blood-derived T-cells in the tumor microenvironment of classical Hodgkin Lymphoma.

The Tumor Microenvironment (TME) in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) contains abundant immune cells and only few neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells (HRSC). We analyzed the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire to detect T-cell expansion in the TME and blood. In contrast to solid cancer tissue, T-cells in the TME of HL are highly polyclonal at first diagnosis and show only minor clonal expansion during anti-PD1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).

Diagnostic work-up of bile duct strictures: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline.

1: ESGE recommends the combination of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition (EUS-TA) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-based tissue acquisition as the preferred diagnostic approach for tissue acquisition in patients with jaundice and distal extrahepatic biliary stricture in the absence of a pancreatic mass. 2: ESGE suggests that brushing cytology should be completed along with fluoroscopy-guided biopsies, wherever technically feasible, in patients with perihilar biliary strictures. 3: ESGE suggests EUS-TA for perihilar strictures when ERCP-based modalities yield insufficient results, provided that curative resection is not feasible and/or when cross-sectional imaging has shown accessible extraluminal disease.

Characterization of Epithelial-Mesenchymal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation States in Pancreatic and Small Cell Ovarian Tumor Cells and Their Modulation by TGF-β1 and BMP-7.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has an extremely poor prognosis, due in part to early invasion and metastasis, which in turn involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the cancer cells. Prompted by the discovery that two PDAC cell lines of the quasi-mesenchymal subtype (PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2) exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation (NED), we asked whether NED is associated with EMT. Using real-time PCR and immunoblotting, we initially verified endogenous expressions of various NED markers, i.

Assessing Patient Health Dynamics by Comparative CT Analysis: An Automatic Approach to Organ and Body Feature Evaluation.

The integration of machine learning into the domain of radiomics has revolutionized the approach to personalized medicine, particularly in oncology. Our research presents RadTA (RADiomics Trend Analysis), a novel framework developed to facilitate the automatic analysis of quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) from time-series CT volumes. RadTA is designed to bridge a technical gap for medical experts and enable sophisticated radiomic analyses without deep learning expertise.

Circulating Tumor DNA in Early and Metastatic Breast Cance-Current Role and What Is Coming Next.

The progress that has been made in recent years in relation to liquid biopsies in general and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in particular can be seen as groundbreaking for the future of breast cancer treatment, monitoring and early detection. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) consists of circulating DNA fragments released by various cell types into the bloodstream. A portion of this cfDNA, known as ctDNA, originates from malignant cells and carries specific genetic mutations.

Regulation of Sexual Behavior and Health in German Prisons and Forensic Psychiatric Hospitals.

Individuals housed in prisons or forensic hospitals experience significant restrictions on their sexual rights. There is a lack of data on how sexual behavior and sexual health of institutionalized persons are managed and to what extent they are based on shared guidelines or decisions of the individual staff. Using a standardized online questionnaire, the heads of 35 prisons and 32 forensic psychiatric hospitals across 14 German federal states were surveyed, reflecting the situation of 16,902 inmates and patients.

CT-Defined Pectoralis Muscle Density Predicts 30-Day Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Rationale And Objectives: The prognostic role of computed tomography (CT)-defined skeletal muscle features in COVID-19 is still under investigation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of CT-defined skeletal muscle area and density in patients with COVID-19 in a multicenter setting.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study is a part of the German multicenter project RACOON (Radiological Cooperative Network of the COVID-19 pandemic).

Empagliflozin in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (EMPA-PKD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary condition that causes the formation of cysts primarily in the kidneys. The continuous growth of multiple cysts leads to the destruction of functional parenchyma, which may progress to end-stage kidney disease. Tolvaptan is the only drug specifically approved for slowing down the progression of ADPKD.

Mortality in adult patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: A real world cohort study.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a common and debilitating disease, is widely held not to be life-limiting, but the mortality of CSU has not been investigated.

Objective: To assess all-cause mortality in CSU patients, risk for comorbidities that are leading causes of death and impact of guideline-recommended urticaria treatments on mortality rates.

Methods: This is a retrospective population-based cohort study of electronic health records of 272,190 adult CSU patients and 12,728,913 non-urticaria controls from the US Collaborative TriNetx Analytics Network.

Cost-effectiveness-analysis of oral health remotivation and reinstruction in nursing homes in a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: We conducted a cluster-randomized-controlled trial (cRCT) in 18 German nursing homes (NH) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of reinstruction and remotivation of nursing staff by dental assistants (DAs) over 13 months.

Methods: In the intervention arm, dentists examined NH residents, identified oral health conditions, and prescribed individualized oral care interventions. Nursing staff delivered these interventions, with regular follow-up support from DAs (reinstruction and remotivation).

Predicting success with reduced dosing frequency of tralokinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.

Background: Approved tralokinumab maintenance dosing regimens for treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) include 300 mg every two weeks (Q2W) and every four weeks (Q4W), that clinicians may consider for patients who achieved clear or almost clear skin at Week 16 with initial Q2W dosing.

Objectives: To identify predictive factors associated with maintained response after switching to tralokinumab Q4W, evaluate recapture of treatment response after relapse on Q4W, and assess treatment-emergent immunogenicity with tralokinumab Q4W.

Methods: These post hoc analyses utilized machine learning to identify predictive factors for maintained treatment response at Week 52 using data from the Week 16 responder population (ie, patients who met Investigator's Global Assessment of clear/almost clear skin [IGA 0/1] and/or ≥75% improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75) at Week 16 with tralokinumab Q2W monotherapy) of the phase 3 ECZTRA 1 and 2 trials.

Do we need standardized postoperative radiographs after locking plate fixation of distal radius fractures - A retrospective analysis of 664 patients.

Introduction: After surgical treatment of fractures of the distal radius, radiographs in 2 planes are routinely performed postoperatively as a standard procedure to verify anatomic reduction and implant positioning. However, the postoperative radiological examinations rarely has a consequence. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of treatment plan changes based on standardized postoperative radiographs.

[Structured Assessment of Mental Health Issues in Preventive Health Examinations - Findings from the Cluster-Randomized PSYCH-U Study].

Background: Early detection of psychological problems is crucial to prevent chronic progression. The Psych-U study evaluated the added value of structured assessment of psychological issues during U-screenings compared to routine screenings without such assessment.

Methods: In a cluster-randomized controlled design, a two-arm intervention group (IG; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ, and Mannheimer Elternfragebogen, MEF) was compared to a control group (CG).

Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs: a systematic review.

Background: In addition to the effect of body weight, a patient's sex can influence the pharmacokinetics (PK) of anticancer agents, and thereby their activity and safety. The magnitude and relevance of sex differences, however, are currently unclear.

Methods: We carried out a systematic review of published studies (clinical, n ≥ 10) on Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved (on 31 January 2022) anticancer drugs (excluding hormonal agents), aiming to identify significant PK differences between male and female patients.

A novel method for recombinant mammalian-expressed S-HBsAg virus-like particle production for assembly status analysis and improved anti-HBs serology.

The Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as the only lipid-associated envelope protein of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) acts as cellular attachment and entry mediator of HBV making it the main target of neutralizing antibodies to provide HBV immunity after infection or vaccination. Despite its central role in inducing protective immunity, there is however a surprising lack of comparative studies examining different HBsAgs and their ability to detect anti-HBs antibodies. On the contrary, various time-consuming complex HBsAg production protocols have been established, which result in structurally and functionally insufficiently characterized HBsAg.