Diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader agreement of the nacVI-RADS for bladder cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a prospective validation study.

Objective: The primary aim was to determine the performance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy VI-RADS (nacVI-RADS) in predicting response to systemic therapy in patients with MIBC and to evaluate its inter-reader agreement.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study, including patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy before radical cystectomy (RC). Patients underwent pre- and post-treatment MRI.

Early hypoglycemia is not an independent risk factor for 2-year cognitive impairment in small for gestational age preterm infants of less than 32 weeks.

Unlabelled: The objective of this study is to evaluate whether early hypoglycemia is an independent risk factor for 2-year cognitive (COG) impairment in small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants with gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks. We retrospectively reviewed data of 1364 preterm infants with a GA 24-31 weeks. Infants were classified based on blood glucose concentrations within the first 6 h of life (HOL) as < or ≥ 40 mg/dL (Glyc < 40 and Glyc ≥ 40, respectively) and subsequently by birth weight z-score as SGA or appropriate for gestational age (AGA).

Preparing radiology residents for breast MRI: A dual-site, resident-as-teacher feasibility project.

Purpose: To assess the impact of a faculty-mentored, resident-as-teacher theoretical-practical breast MRI (B-MRI) course on the reporting completeness and accuracy of "trainee" radiology residents (RRs) with basic or no experience in conventional breast imaging (CBI) and the personal skills and critical thinking of experienced, "teacher" RRs.

Methods: Six teacher-RRs from the Udine University residency program (URP) preliminarily selected and reported 55 B-MRI cases under faculty supervision. Twelve trainee-RRs (six from Udine URP and six from Vienna URP, with basic and no experience in CBI, respectively) underwent seven days of self-study on selected material, followed by a pre-training reporting test (pre-TRT) on 15 of the 55 B-MRI cases.

Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Migratory Activity of Licorice Extract and Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cell Cultures.

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the 8th most common cancer among women overall. Licorice contains over 300 active compounds, many of them with anti-cancer properties. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a major component of licorice.

PI-QUAL version 2: A Multi-Reader reproducibility study on multiparametric MRI from a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: To assess the inter-reader and intra-reader agreement of the Prostate imaging quality version 2 (PI-QUAL v.2) for multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) among radiologists with varying levels of expertise.

Methods: Fifty men underwent 3 T mpMRI scans in a tertiary referral center.

Fragility Fractures and Cortisol Secretion in Patients With Nonfunctioning Adrenal Incidentalomas.

Context: The risk of vertebral fractures (VFx) in patients with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAI) is unknown.

Objective: This work aimed to assess in NFAI patients the prevalence and incidence of VFx and a hormonal marker to identify patients at risk.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, and longitudinal study of outpatients was conducted.

The Challenge of IBD-Related Arthritis Screening Questionnaires in Early and Predominantly Entheseal Phenotypes.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related arthritis is recognized as the most prevalent extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) of IBD. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of undiagnosed IBD-related arthritis and to compare two screening questionnaires, DETection of Arthritis in Inflammatory boweL diseases (DETAIL) and IBd Identification of Spondyloarthritis Questionnaire (IBIS-q), for early disease detection.

Methods: Between April and October 2023, both the DETAIL and IBIS-q questionnaires were administered to consecutive IBD outpatients visiting the University Hospital of Udine, Italy.

Risk factors for psoriatic arthritis development in psoriasis patients: myths, pitfalls, and pearls.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) predominantly emerges in individuals previously diagnosed with psoriasis (PsO), offering a unique opportunity to study the transition from PsO to PsA. This progression provides a window to identify characteristics of PsO patients who may develop PsA, facilitating early intervention and potentially informing prevention and treatment strategies. This review evaluates a wide array of research focusing on various risk factors for PsA development.

Case-by-case combination of the prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2.1 with the Likert score to reduce the false-positives of prostate MRI: a proof-of-concept study.

Objectives: To retrospectively investigate whether a case-by-case combination of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS) with the Likert score improves the diagnostic performance of mpMRI for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), especially by reducing false-positives.

Methods: One hundred men received mpMRI between January 2020 and April 2021, followed by prostate biopsy.

Impact of an expert-derived, quick hands-on tool on classifying pulmonary hypertension in chest computed tomography: a study on inexperienced readers using RAPID-CT-PH.

Purpose: To test the inter-reader agreement in classifying pulmonary hypertension (PH) on chest contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) between a consensus of two cardio-pulmonary-devoted radiologists (CRc) and inexperienced readers (radiology residents, RRs) when using a CECT-based quick hands-on tool built upon PH imaging literature, i.e., the "Rapid Access and Practical Information Digest on Computed Tomography for PH-RAPID-CT-PH".

Is ctDNA ready to outpace imaging in monitoring early and advanced breast cancer?

Introduction: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and radiological imaging are increasingly recognized as crucial elements in breast cancer management. While radiology remains the cornerstone for screening and monitoring, ctDNA holds distinctive advantages in anticipating diagnosis, recurrence, or progression, providing concurrent biological insights complementary to imaging results.

Areas Covered: This review delves into the current evidence on the synergistic relationship between ctDNA and imaging in breast cancer.

Obesity in Prediabetic Patients: Management of Metabolic Complications and Strategies for Prevention of Overt Diabetes.

Obesity and prediabetes affect a substantial part of the general population, but are largely underdiagnosed, underestimated, and undertreated. Prediabetes differs from diabetes only in the degree of hyperglycaemia consequent to the progressive decline in residual beta-cell function. Both prediabetes and diabetes occur as a consequence of insulin resistance that starts several years before the clinical onset of overt diabetes.

Right frontal cingulate cortex mediates the effect of prenatal complications on youth internalizing behaviors.

Prenatal and perinatal complications represent well-known risk factors for the future development of psychiatric disorders. Such influence might become manifested during childhood and adolescence, as key periods for brain and behavioral changes. Internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence have been associated with the risk of psychiatric onset later in life.

Lung ultrasound and supine chest X-ray use in modern adult intensive care: mapping 30 years of advancement (1993-2023).

In critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure, thoracic images are essential for evaluating the nature, extent and progression of the disease, and for clinical management decisions. For this purpose, computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard. However, transporting patients to the radiology suite and exposure to ionized radiation limit its use.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Surgically or Conservatively Managed Patients With Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Context: Current evidence of cardiovascular (CV) risk in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is still inconsistent.

Objective: To prospectively investigate changes of early atherosclerosis in patients with PHPT undergoing parathyroidectomy (PTx) or conservative management, according to consensus criteria.

Methods: Biochemical parameters of PHPT, CV risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol [total, high-density, and low-density], triglyceride, HbA1c, HOMA-IR), and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque were assessed in 52 consecutive postmenopausal PHPT patients both at baseline and ≥ 24 months after surgery (PTx, n = 22) or conservative management (non-PTx, n = 30).

I saw the Torricelli-Bernoulli sign: When physics provides imaging insights.

The Torricelli-Bernoulli sign is a rare radiologic sign seen on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which helps direct the diagnosis of a gastrointestinal tumor. It indicates the presence of non-dependent air trapped within a necrotic ulcer located in a gastrointestinal tumor; sometimes, a vertical stream of bubbles emanating from the opening of the ulcer is present. The term Torricelli-Bernoulli sign first appeared in the literature in 1999, referring to the homonymous physical theorems.

METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS): a quality scoring tool for radiomics research endorsed by EuSoMII.

Purpose: To propose a new quality scoring tool, METhodological RadiomICs Score (METRICS), to assess and improve research quality of radiomics studies.

Methods: We conducted an online modified Delphi study with a group of international experts. It was performed in three consecutive stages: Stage#1, item preparation; Stage#2, panel discussion among EuSoMII Auditing Group members to identify the items to be voted; and Stage#3, four rounds of the modified Delphi exercise by panelists to determine the items eligible for the METRICS and their weights.

Added value of the EUSOBI diffusion levels in breast MRI.

Objectives: To investigate whether using the diffusion levels (DLs) proposed by the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) improves the diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 145 women who, between September 2019 and June 2020, underwent breast 1.5-T MRI with DWI.